作者： admin

　　Original title: online shopping "red onion", after eating it, it is hallucinogenic and enters the ICU. Experts remind: toxic fungi should be eaten carefully, and improper cooking will lead to poisoning.　

　　In summer, it’s time to eat mushrooms again. Delicious mushrooms attract the attention of many diners, but there are many kinds of mushrooms, some of which are even toxic. Boletus lanmao, commonly known as scallion, is a famous kind of toxic mushrooms. With the development of online shopping, red onion began to be sold to a wider area, and some people who were not familiar with this fungus bought it to eat, which triggered a poisoning incident. Recently, a netizen was poisoned by red onion and was sent to ICU for two days of hemodialysis before he recovered slowly. Experts say that hallucinations caused by the poisoning of bacteria such as scallion are only a few cases, and more are caused by headaches, nausea and gastroenteritis, which seriously affect work and life, and it is not clear whether there is long-term damage, which is not a "fun" thing. Yang Zhuliang, an expert from Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that in the latest edition of Yunnan Common Poisonous Mushrooms (Poisonous Mushrooms) 2022, red onions have been included in the category of poisonous mushrooms, and it is recommended that they should not be collected, purchased, processed or eaten!

　　A rescue caused by greed

　　Out of curiosity, I bought shallots online, but I didn’t feel "amazing" after eating them for two days.

　　On June 23, 2022, Xiaohong (pseudonym) was completely awake the next day after eating red onion poisoning. Lying in the hospital bed, she found that her memory was blank for several days, and it was only by constantly capturing memories that she pieced together the poisoning experience.

　　Wild mushrooms in Yunnan have been listed in large quantities recently. When she was playing social software, she saw big data pushing related content. Xiaohong’s family is in Jiangxi, where she doesn’t produce red onions. She only knows that red onions are "green" and belong to a kind of boletus. I heard that they taste particularly good and are the best mushrooms in Yunnan. The merchant put white onion and red onion on a link. She asked the merchant what mushrooms are delicious now. The merchant said that red onion is a little poisonous, but white onion is not poisonous, but the taste of red onion will be better.

　　On June 17, 2022, she placed an order for two pounds of red onions on the online shopping platform, and the merchant gave a cooking instruction, telling that it would be no problem to cook for more than 15 minutes. At noon on the 18th, she received the goods. The newly acquired fungus was still a little icy, big and fresh. She was particularly proud at that time and felt that she was good at picking, so she bought a good fungus the first time.

　　At about 5 pm on June 18th, she sliced the red onion according to the strategy, prepared a lot of garlic slices and dried peppers, stir-fried them in a pot for 10 minutes, and then boiled them in water. She was a little scared and deliberately cooked for more than 10 minutes, and the total processing time was 26 to 30 minutes. When she ate it, she thought it tasted ok, but "it didn’t have that amazing taste."

　　After eating on the 18th, there was nothing wrong until the afternoon of the 19th, so she did it again in the same way. Because there was a lot of oil left when the fungus was oiled for the first time, she asked the shopkeeper if it could be used. The shopkeeper said that the oil was not toxic and the oil after the fungus was fresher, so she fried and cooked the onion with the previous oil and new oil, and the cooking time was more than 25 minutes.

　　After being poisoned, he was sent to ICU, and his memory was all blank.

　　Not long after coming to work in the company the next day, she felt dizzy and sent a message to her lover saying that she might be poisoned. The messages sent afterwards were all typos. She ate red onions with her lover, who was fine. After seeing the news, she rushed over and took her to the hospital around 11 o’clock. As soon as she entered the hospital, she was rushed to the emergency room for rescue, and was pushed out by the nurse wearing an oxygen mask and hanging a drip at one or two in the afternoon. Only when her lover asked did she know that she was really poisoned and had been asking the doctor to see the "villain".

　　Considering her large consumption and long poisoning time, the doctor decided to adopt hemodialysis treatment. At 6 o’clock that evening, she was pushed into the operating room again, and she didn’t leave the operating room until around 10: 30. "My memory was all blank during this time, and the real memory was at noon on June 21."

　　Xiaohong’s lover said that on the 20th, his wife vomited from morning till night, and she was unconscious, and she also had symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps and colic. Once he was talking to a doctor, Xiaohong reached for the "little man" and dropped the needle on himself. When he came back, he saw that the ground was covered with blood. At that time, Xiaohong’s temper became very violent. "Usually she is very gentle. At the moment she woke up, she found that she had a lot of pipes and needles inserted in her body, so she pulled them all down rudely."

　　At this time, Xiaohong’s illusion has not disappeared. Many murals and short videos can be seen around curtains and beds, and many cartoon characters look at her through the ceiling and windowsill. She felt very novel and told these things to her family. After Xiaohong’s poisoning, she also showed the symptoms of mydriasis, with serious cross-eyed eyes and double vision. On the afternoon of the 21st, she was pushed to the ICU for the second dialysis, and then her hallucination weakened a little. After dialysis for the third time on the afternoon of the 22nd, the hallucinations and ghosts slowly disappeared.

　　After leaving the hospital, Xiaohong felt weaker than before, weaker in qi and blood, and more likely to feel sleepy. As long as she hears the name of this mushroom, she will feel sick involuntarily. She once communicated with the merchants about the poisoning problem, and the merchants claimed that her practice was wrong. Because the merchant did warn the red onion beforehand that it was poisonous, she did it completely according to the method said by the merchant, but she was poisoned. I wonder if the merchant should be responsible for it.

　　What exactly is "red onion"

　　In 2016, it was discovered that it is an endemic species in China, and its smell is close to that of onion.

　　Liu Junjie, a doctoral student in ecology at Guangxi University, saw Xiaohong’s photo of red onion and quickly determined its species: Boletus lanmao. He told reporters that Boletus lanmao belongs to a kind of "seeing hands", and red onion is its common name. People used to think that Boletus lanmao was a two-color boletus from America. Later, the team of Yang Zhuliang, a researcher at Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and a famous mushroom expert, discovered that it was a new genus and new species in China. In 2016, it was published as a new genus and new species under the name of Lanmao, in memory of Lanmao, the name of Boletus and the author of Herbal Medicine in Southern Yunnan in the Ming Dynasty.

　　The origin of the name "Seeing Hand Green" is that once its thallus is touched, the juice secreted by the pressed contact surface will be oxidized to cyan. In fact, the bacteria not only secrete cyan juice, but also change into powder, yellow, red, purple and black. It is difficult for ordinary people to distinguish their exact species, so they are called red hand, white hand, purple hand and pink hand according to their colors. The light-colored and red Saussurea involucrata, which have the largest harvest, are collectively referred to as onion bacteria by local people, and are divided into two categories: white onion bacteria (light-colored Saussurea involucrata) and red onion bacteria (red Saussurea involucrata). The origin of their names is also very simple-the smell emitted by these bacteria is close to that of onions.

　　In fact, the red hand also includes several kinds of boletus, and Boletus lanmao is one of them. There are many kinds of gymnosperms, and not all of them are toxic. However, it is well known that Boletus lanmao is toxic.

　　Can "red onion" be eaten after all?

　　The mechanism of poisoning is not clear, and toxins may cause damage to internal organs.

　　Yang Zhuliang told Zi Niu news reporter that Boletus lanmao has been sold in the wild mushroom markets all over Yunnan for generations. Among the wild mushrooms such as Boletus, it is the most expensive one. Locals like to buy, cook and eat, and feel good. Taste good. "But according to our years of research, it is found to be toxic, especially for some susceptible people. If it is not cooked properly, it will lead to poisoning after eating."

　　How to eat red onion without poisoning? In fact, Yunnan locals are not clear. Some people say that garlic frying can detoxify, and some people say that onion frying can poison. Liu Junjie thinks that there is no scientific basis.

　　Poisoning by boletus lanmao may lead to hallucinations such as "seeing a villain", which makes some people feel funny and even eat it in pursuit of "seeing a villain". This behavior is extremely undesirable. Like many poisonous mushrooms, different people may have different reactions after eating them. Some people are fine, and some people may have big problems.

　　Eating red onions without symptoms of poisoning does not mean that its toxins disappeared during cooking and processing. Yang Zhuliang said: "According to our investigation for many years, there is a phenomenon that most people want to make it convenient to eat the leftover red onion dishes before the next time. Put them in the microwave oven for 30 seconds to 1 minute and then eat them, which often leads to poisoning."

　　Liu Junjie pointed out that there is still a lack of in-depth research on the toxin of red onion, and the specific poisoning mechanism is still unclear. In fact, the illusion of "seeing a villain" caused by eating red onion poisoning is only a few. Its toxin may cause damage to liver, kidney and other internal organs, and more often lead to headaches, nausea, gastroenteritis, vomiting and diarrhea, which seriously affects work and life.

　　Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences has published a multi-edition illustrated edition of Common Poisonous Bacteria (Poisonous Mushrooms) in Yunnan. Yang Zhuliang told reporters that in the latest edition of Yunnan Common Poisonous Mushrooms (Poisonous Mushrooms) 2022, red onions have been included in the category of poisonous mushrooms, and it is recommended not to pick, purchase, process or eat. "I hope to attract everyone’s attention."

　　The best depth media of Zi Niu Tau Tiao Zi Niu News reporter Song Shifeng

Cctv newsFrom 0: 00 to 24: 00 on August 14th, 1 local confirmed case (Hanzhong) and 3 asymptomatic infected persons (both in Xi ‘an) were newly reported.

As of 24: 00 on August 14th, there are 4 confirmed cases in the hospital and 5 asymptomatic infected cases observed by isolation medicine.

Locally confirmed case 1, male, 20 years old, reported from Hanzhong City. After receiving investigation from other provinces, he arrived in Shaanxi by train on August 13th. After getting off the train, he was controlled and transported to the centralized isolation point in a point-to-point closed loop. During the centralized isolation period, the nucleic acid test result was positive and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

A native asymptomatic infected person, 1, male, aged 28, reported from Xi ‘an, and was a close contact of the confirmed local case released on August 14th. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

A native asymptomatic infected person, 2, female, 46 years old, reported from Xi ‘an, and was a close contact of the confirmed local case released on August 14th. During the period of centralized isolation, the result of nucleic acid test was positive and was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

Native asymptomatic infected person 3, female, 25 years old, reported from Xi ‘an. After receiving the investigation from other provinces, he returned to the toll station in Seoul, Xi’ an by car on August 14 and was controlled. After antigen testing and nucleic acid sampling, he was concentrated and isolated. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

The above-mentioned confirmed cases and asymptomatic infected persons were treated and observed in isolation in designated medical institutions. The specific activity track and work situation were released by Hanzhong City and Xi ‘an City respectively.

From 0: 00 to 24: 00 on August 14th, 3 confirmed cases imported from overseas and 3 asymptomatic infected persons imported from overseas were newly reported. Medical observation on 5 cases of releasing isolation.

As of 24: 00 on August 14th, there were 12 confirmed cases imported from abroad for isolation treatment in the hospital, and 29 asymptomatic infected people were observed by isolation medicine.

One confirmed case imported from abroad, male, aged 10 years old, was managed by closed loop immediately after entering the country, and there was no track of self-activity in Shaanxi Province. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid detection was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group (ordinary type), and now it is isolated in designated medical institutions.

The imported confirmed case 2, male, aged 35, was closed-loop managed immediately after entry, and had no track of self-activity in Shaanxi Province. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid detection was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (mild) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group. At present, it is being isolated and treated in designated medical institutions.

The 3 confirmed cases imported from abroad, male, aged 39, were managed by closed loop immediately after entry, and there was no self-activity track in Shaanxi Province. During the isolation period, the results of nucleic acid detection were positive, and they were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) by the municipal expert group. At present, they are being treated in isolation in designated medical institutions.

One asymptomatic infected person imported from abroad, female, 52 years old, was managed by closed loop immediately after entering the country, and had no self-activity track in Shaanxi Province. The nucleic acid test result was positive, and she was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group. At present, she is under medical observation in designated medical institutions.

Two asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad, male, 29 years old, were managed in a closed loop immediately after entering the country. They had no track of their own activities in Shaanxi Province, and their nucleic acid test results were positive. They were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected persons in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group, and now they are under medical observation in designated medical institutions.

The asymptomatic infected person imported from abroad, 3 female, 44 years old, was managed by closed loop immediately after entering the country. She had no self-activity track in Shaanxi Province, and her nucleic acid test result was positive. She was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group, and now she is under medical observation in designated medical institutions.

(General Station reporter Chang Qing Cao Wei)

Notice of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the Ministry of Transport on the Pilot Work of Intelligent Networked Vehicle Access and Road Access

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Unicom Zhuang [2023] No.217

Departments in charge of industry and informatization of all provinces, autonomous regions, municipalities directly under the Central Government and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, public security departments (bureaus), housing and urban-rural construction departments (bureaus, committees), transportation departments (bureaus, committees), communication administrations of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, relevant automobile production enterprises, industry organizations and technical service institutions:

In order to implement the "Opinions on Strengthening the Access Management of Intelligent Networked Automobile Manufacturers and Products", promote the popularization and application of intelligent networked automobiles, and improve the performance and safe operation level of intelligent networked automobiles, According to the Road Traffic Safety Law of the People’s Republic of China, Network Security Law of the People’s Republic of China, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Data Security Law, People’s Republic of China (PRC) Safety Production Law, Regulations of the People’s Republic of China on Road Transportation, Measures for the Administration of Road Motor Vehicle Production Enterprises and Products Access, and Several Provisions on the Safety Management of Automobile Data (for Trial Implementation), the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Transport decided to carry out the pilot work of intelligent networked vehicle access and road traffic. The relevant matters are hereby notified as follows:

I. General requirements

On the basis of intelligent networked automobile road test and demonstration application, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the Ministry of Transport selected intelligent networked automobile products with automatic driving function (hereinafter referred to as intelligent networked automobile products) with mass production conditions to carry out access pilots; For the intelligent networked automobile products that have obtained access, pilot projects will be carried out in a limited area. Vehicles used for transportation operations must meet the operational qualifications and operational management requirements of the transportation authorities. In this notice, the automatic driving function of intelligent networked vehicles refers to the three-level driving automation (conditional automatic driving) and four-level driving automation (highly automatic driving) functions (hereinafter referred to as the automatic driving function) defined by the national standard "Automobile Driving Automation Classification" (GB/T 40429-2021).

Second, the work objectives

Through the pilot work, we will guide intelligent networked automobile manufacturers and users to strengthen capacity building, promote the function and performance improvement of intelligent networked automobile products and the iterative optimization of industrial ecology under the premise of ensuring safety, and promote the high-quality development of intelligent networked automobile industry. Accumulate management experience based on pilot demonstration, support the revision of relevant laws, regulations and technical standards, and accelerate the improvement of intelligent networked automobile production access management and road traffic safety management systems.

Third, organize the implementation

(1) Pilot declaration

Automobile production enterprises and users form a consortium, refer to the implementation guide (Annex 1), make a declaration plan (refer to Annex 2 for the template), and after the people’s government of the city (including the jurisdiction under the municipality directly under the Central Government) agrees and seals it, voluntarily declare it to the local provincial-level industrial and information technology authorities. The city where the vehicle is to be operated should have the conditions of policy guarantee, infrastructure and safety management. The provincial department in charge of industry and information technology shall, jointly with the traffic management and network security department of the provincial public security organ, the housing and urban-rural construction department, the transportation department and the Communications Administration, review the application plan and submit it to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology before December 20, 2023 (three copies of paper version and one copy of electronic CD). After the centralized declaration, the provincial department in charge of industry and information technology can submit a supplementary declaration plan to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology according to the development of intelligent networked automobile technology and industry, pilot implementation and consortium declaration.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the Ministry of Transport organized experts to conduct a preliminary review of the application plan and select the consortium that entered the pilot.

(2) Pilot implementation

1. Product access pilot

(1) Testing and safety assessment

Pilot automobile production enterprises should refine and improve the access test and safety assessment scheme of intelligent networked automobile products, and carry out product testing and safety assessment under the supervision of provincial competent departments and government departments of cities where vehicles operate after confirmation by the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology and the Ministry of Public Security. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology entrusts technical service agencies to evaluate the scheme, implementation and results of product testing and safety evaluation. Pilot automobile production enterprises should connect vehicles to the pilot management system of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology according to the monitoring requirements.

(2) product access permit

After the pilot automobile production enterprises have passed the product testing and safety assessment, they can submit the application for product access to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology. The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shall, according to the relevant regulations on the access management of road motor vehicle manufacturers and products, make a decision on whether to access after acceptance, examination and publicity. If access is decided, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology shall announce the restrictive measures such as intelligent networked automobile products and their access validity period and implementation area according to regulations.

2. Pilot road traffic

Intelligent networked automobile products that have obtained access will be piloted in a limited area. The pilot users shall purchase insurance for vehicles, apply for registration, monitor the running status of vehicles, and strengthen the safety guarantee of vehicle operation. Before the vehicle registration, if the applicant applies for the change of the pilot use subject, the supplementary materials shall be submitted as required. Those who use vehicles to engage in transportation business shall also have the operation qualification of the corresponding business category and meet the operation management requirements.

3. Emergency treatment

During the implementation of the pilot, for traffic accidents, network and data security incidents, or emergencies caused by the failure of the automatic driving system of vehicles, the pilot users, the pilot automobile production enterprises and the government departments of the cities where the vehicles operate should do a good job in handling according to the relevant emergency plans, and report the handling process and results to the provincial authorities in time, which will report them to the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, the Ministry of Transport and other relevant departments.

(3) Suspension and withdrawal of the pilot

During the pilot period, the vehicle is involved in road traffic safety violations and traffic accidents suspected of potential safety hazards, and the pilot automobile production enterprises or users have failed to fulfill their safety responsibilities and obligations of network security, data security and radio security protection, etc., so the pilot should be suspended and rectified. The vehicle automatic driving system has serious safety hazards that cannot be eliminated, and the relevant conditions of the pilot automobile production enterprises and the pilot users have changed significantly, which can not guarantee the pilot implementation, and so on, and should be withdrawn from the pilot.

(4) Evaluation and adjustment

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the Ministry of Transport timely evaluate the vehicle operation, optimize and adjust the product access permit, traffic scope and business scope, and timely adjust and improve the relevant contents of the pilot implementation guide for intelligent networked vehicle access and road traffic according to the development of industry and technology.

Fourth, safeguard measures

(A) to strengthen organizational leadership

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the Ministry of Transport strengthened work coordination and data sharing to ensure the orderly progress of the pilot work. Provincial authorities should strengthen overall planning and coordination, strictly do a good job in reporting and auditing, and urge and guide the government departments, pilot automobile production enterprises and users of the cities where the vehicles are running to implement the main responsibilities. The government departments of the cities where the vehicles are running establish organizational mechanisms, implement policy guarantees, carefully screen and organize basic and characteristic declaration schemes in combination with local actual conditions, earnestly fulfill safety management responsibilities, strengthen daily monitoring and management, and properly deal with safety risks and emergencies.

(2) Strengthen the implementation of responsibilities

The pilot automobile production enterprises bear the main responsibility for the quality and production consistency of intelligent networked automobile products, and it is strictly forbidden to change the automatic driving function without authorization, and strictly fulfill the requirements of software upgrade management and filing commitment. The pilot users shall implement the main responsibilities of road traffic safety, network safety and data safety, and establish and improve relevant safety management systems and measures to ensure the safe operation of vehicles.

(3) Create a good environment

The government departments of the cities where the vehicles are running should provide support and guarantee in terms of policies, planning, infrastructure, safety management, operational qualifications, etc., accelerate the improvement of their capabilities, and encourage the integrated, intensive and collaborative construction of the urban intelligent networked automobile safety monitoring platform and other government information management systems. Industry organizations and institutions will strengthen policy propaganda and public opinion guidance on the pilot work, accelerate the improvement of technical service capabilities such as inspection and safety assessment of intelligent networked vehicles, and create a good environment for the pilot work.

(4) Do a good job in summary and promotion.

The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, the Ministry of Public Security, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, and the Ministry of Transport regularly organize the evaluation of the implementation effect of the pilot work, sum up experience in a timely manner, unite the consensus of all parties, and gradually improve the policies, laws and regulations, and technical standards for intelligent networked car access, road traffic safety, and transportation management. For the advanced technologies and products, feasible schemes and innovative mechanisms that have been integrated with autonomous driving and "Car Energy Lu Yun" through pilot demonstration, we will sort out and refine the pilot results that can be replicated and popularized, and support further popularization and application.

Attachment:

1. Intelligent networked vehicle access and road traffic pilot implementation guide (Trial). pdf

2. Intelligent networked vehicle access and road traffic pilot declaration scheme (template). pdf

Ministry of Industry and Information Technology

Ministry of Public Security

Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development

Ministry of Transport

November 17, 2023

Talent is the first resource, and it is also a strategic resource to win the initiative of international competition. At present, the development of scientific and technological talents in China has made remarkable achievements, but many aspects of the vitality of scientific and technological talents still do not meet the requirements of high-quality development, and it is urgent to speed up reform.

First, the achievements and shortcomings of scientific and technological talents’ innovation vitality

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has attached great importance to the work of scientific and technological talents, and successively issued Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the System and Mechanism of Talent Development, Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of the Evaluation Mechanism of Talents by Classification, Pilot Implementation Plan on Giving Scientific and Technological Researchers the Ownership or Long-term Use Right of Scientific and Technological Achievements, Notice on Implementing the Relevant Documents Giving Scientific and Technological Institutions and Personnel Greater Autonomy, Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions to Innovate and Entrepreneurship, which have played an important role in stimulating the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents. The innovation ability of scientific and technological talents in China has been continuously improved, but the innovation potential still needs to be further explored. Mainly as follows:

(A) the ability of talent innovation has been continuously enhanced, but there is still much room for improvement in the vitality of talent innovation.

China Science and Technology Talents Development Report 2020 shows that the total number of scientific and technological talents in China has increased rapidly. In 2019, the total number of R&D personnel in the country was 7.13 million, 1.3 times that of 2015. However, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries in terms of scientific and technological talent reserve. In 2021, the number of researchers per million people in China was 539, which was lower than that in developed countries such as the United States (3,496), Japan (5,078), Germany (3,168) and France (1916), and the gap with the average level of high-income countries (3,036) was also very obvious (Figure 1).

In 2021, the ranking of China Global Innovation Index has risen from 34th in 2012 to 12th. In recent ten years, the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China has also been continuously improved. However, the national R&D researchers account for only 43.9% of the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel, which is lower than that of major economies in the world (50%). Among them, the proportion of full-time equivalent of R&D basic researchers has a downward trend (Figure 2). There is still a big gap between China and the major countries in the world in the investment intensity of R&D personnel and the proportion of basic researchers in R&D personnel. In recent years, the growth rate of R&D personnel in enterprises has slowed down, which needs more attention.

Figure 1 Comparison of scientific and technological talents between China and developed countries in 2021 (person)

Data source: According to the data of International Statistical Yearbook 2021 of the National Bureau of Statistics.

Figure 2 Changes of full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China from 2011 to 2020 (person-year,%)

Source: Wind database.

(B) The input-output efficiency of scientific research has improved significantly, but the value of human capital of scientific researchers has not been properly reflected.

In recent years, the citation rate of China’s scientific research papers has increased significantly, and it has formed an influence in certain fields. According to the Statistical Report of Scientific Papers in China in 2021, the number of papers in top international journals in China ranks second in the world, rising by two places, and the number of highly cited papers and hot papers continues to rank second in the world, among which international co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China. However, China lacks originality and basic innovation, its core technology and bottom technology are still controlled by others, and its innovation ability still cannot meet the requirements of high-quality development, and there is still a gap with the world-class powers. At present, the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements in China is only about 10%, and the industrialization rate is less than 5%. Take the proportion of internal expenditure of R&D funds and technology market transactions in GDP as an example, the proportion of basic research is low, and the growth rate is lower than that of internal expenditure of R&D funds. At the same time, the proportion of technology market transactions in GDP is less than 3% (Figure 3). The market-oriented conversion rate of scientific research results is not high, which affects the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers.

Figure 3 Changes of R&D investment in China from 2011 to 2020 (RMB 10,000,%)

Source: According to the Wind database.

From the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers, in recent years, the salary of scientific and technological talents in China has increased steadily, but compared with other types of personnel at the same level, the salary level of scientific and technological personnel is still not competitive, and the salary level of scientific and technological personnel does not match its contribution. According to the salary survey data of enterprises in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the median salary of engineering technicians, agricultural technicians and health professionals in China in 2021 was 71,000 yuan/year, 49,400 yuan/year and 57,100 yuan/year respectively, which was lower than the salary level of management, finance and IT (Table 1). From the comparison of job types in enterprises, taking the median salary as an example, the salary level of professional and technical personnel in the same rank is lower than that of management personnel (Table 2). In terms of industries, the wages of professional and technical personnel are generally above the average level of regulated enterprises, but in most industries, such as mining and manufacturing, the wages of professional and technical personnel are lower than those of managers of the same rank.

Table 1 Comparison of salaries of professional and technical personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

Table 2 Comparison of salaries of technical and management personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

(3) The level of scientific research opening has been greatly improved, but the phenomenon of brain drain is still outstanding.

In recent years, the level of scientific and technological talents’ foreign academic exchanges and scientific research cooperation in China has been continuously enhanced. According to Statistics of Scientific Papers in China in 2021 published by China Science and Technology Information Research, from 2011 to 2021, the proportion of papers produced by 10 disciplines in China exceeded 20% in the world. Among the international papers published in China in 2020, there were 144,500 international co-authored papers, up by 11.1% year-on-year. International co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China, and international co-authored papers with China as the first author account for 69.3% of all international co-authored papers in China, with partners involving 169 countries (regions).

However, for a long time, the loss of scientific and technological talents abroad, and the loss of scientific and technological talents from state-owned departments to the private sector is still relatively common. According to the data of the Ministry of Education, in 2022, nearly 700,000 China students chose to stay abroad, and the proportion of Tsinghua University and Peking University studying abroad reached 14.2% and 18.9%, while the proportion of Qingbei students returning to China was only 20%. According to a survey conducted by the Paulson Foundation in the United States in 2020, about 60% of AI scientists in the world work in American universities, companies or private research institutions, and two-thirds of them come to the United States for further study after graduating from other countries. The main source of students is China, accounting for 27%, and 32,000 Chinese scientists have voluntarily become American citizens. There are many high-end talents among them.

In addition, the state-owned sector is also facing the challenge of the flow of scientific and technological talents to private enterprises. According to the research and development center of China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology on Aerospace Science and Technology Group, from 2012 to 2016, the total number of people leaving the main institutions of the group showed an upward trend, with the annual turnover rate exceeding 10%, and the loss was concentrated in the young and middle-aged backbone groups under 35.

Second, development concepts, institutional mechanisms and talent policies affect the release of talent vitality.

With the rapid changes of economic, social and technological progress, the traditional management mode of scientific and technological talents has not adapted to the development requirements of the new era, and the scientific research management system and mechanism restrict the development of scientific and technological talents’ innovation and creativity. At present, we need to stimulate the vitality of scientific and technological talents more than at any time in history, and it is urgent to press the "acceleration button" for talent reform.

(A) The concept of talent development, some regions and departments have failed to pay attention to the all-round development of people and the diversified demands of talents.

Some cadres have not fully applied the development law of scientific and technological talents, some ways of thinking are still in the era of planned economy, and some important decisions often "see things but not people", which is not enough to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific and technological talents. In some jobs, there are many elements about the importance of talents, but there are not many practical and effective measures to stimulate the vitality of talents. Some state-owned units are still stuck in the traditional personnel management mode, and the talent management mode is extensive and backward, emphasizing material incentives and neglecting the shaping of talent environment. There are still many institutional and institutional obstacles in personnel training, introduction, use, motivation and mobility, and the system of introducing foreign talents and high-end skilled immigrants is still not perfect.

The concept of all-round development of scientific and technological talents has not yet been formed, the training of top-notch innovative talents is lagging behind, the education system has put too much emphasis on result orientation, and the atmosphere of attaching importance to exam-oriented education and knowledge infusion, ignoring interest cultivation and innovation discovery is still very strong. Some highly educated international students have global vision and cutting-edge knowledge, and have been integrated into the forefront of global scientific and technological development. However, the attraction of these talents returning to China for development is insufficient, and the brain drain problem is still outstanding. There is still a big gap between China and the global talent center.

The "administrative color" of scientific research personnel management is still very prominent, which emphasizes management over service. There are many reports, many approvals and long time-consuming in the declaration and evaluation of scientific research projects, and scientific research personnel have to spend a lot of time and energy in administrative affairs. There are too many detailed items in the budget of scientific research funds, and many requirements are not suitable for the uncertainty and periodicity of scientific research activities. There are many restrictions on the payment of wages and labor expenses for scientific research funds, and the knowledge labor of scientific research personnel cannot be properly reflected. Excessive frequent assessment restricts the initiative of scientific and technological talents to concentrate on research. According to a survey conducted by the Policy Research Group of the Talent Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the three measures that scientific and technological talents most want to speed up implementation are loosening burdens, supporting talents to carry out basic research for a long time and giving them greater autonomy, with the selection ratios of 40.2%, 35.9% and 32.8% respectively.

(B) Talent incentive mechanism, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of talent resources is not fully played.

The system and mechanism to promote the entrepreneurship of scientific and technological talent officers need to be further optimized, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of human resources has not been fully exerted, and the human capital value of scientific and technological talents has not been properly reflected. In recent years, the internationalization, marketization and competitiveness of scientific and technological personnel in China’s state-owned departments have been continuously improved. However, in some state-owned enterprises, the problems of "lying flat", "Buddhism" and overstaffed personnel are still outstanding. Due to strict identity management, low salary and narrow promotion space, some state-owned departments have lost their own scientific and technological talents, and the ranks of scientific and technological talents are unstable.

Due to the unreasonable performance appraisal and salary distribution system, some units can not reflect more work and more pay, and distribution according to work, which leads to many scientific and technological talents in state-owned enterprises doing more and doing less, and doing the same with not doing it. There are also some enterprises that lack an incentive job development system, which makes it difficult for scientific and technological talents to be promoted and moved. Some talents can’t see their career development prospects and their entrepreneurial enthusiasm can’t be mobilized. In some public-owned units, the talent incentive means is single, so it is difficult to mobilize the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of talent officers, and the reform of salary distribution such as equity incentive is slow. Especially under the background of digital economy, human capital elements play a prominent role in various enterprises, but the human capital value of core technicians and outstanding operators has not been properly reflected after the reform. The traditional salary system, which mainly focuses on wages and bonuses, can no longer meet the needs of enterprise development. The reform of state-owned enterprises in market-oriented selection, contractual management, differentiated salary and market-oriented exit is not in place, and they cannot retain core talents, so they are at a relative disadvantage in talent competition.

(C) In terms of talent policy, there are problems such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation and untimely evaluation.

In recent years, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific research talents, many talent policies have been issued from the central government to the local government, such as Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging the Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions and Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Distribution Policy Oriented to Increasing Knowledge Value. However, there are still some problems in the process of policy implementation, such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation, lack of supporting facilities and untimely evaluation, which cause "good policies" to fail to achieve "good results". Take actively encouraging scientific researchers to take part-time jobs, take part in projects and start businesses as an example. Due to the lack of supporting implementation rules, some scientific research units are difficult to grasp who can take part-time jobs, how to manage part-time workers and how to confirm knowledge achievements, and there are practical difficulties such as "thinking out" and "going out can’t come back". The lack of evaluation of the talent policy that has been implemented for a period of time is not conducive to policy iteration, and it is not conducive to timely adjustment, which affects the effect of policy implementation.　

Third, countermeasures and suggestions

Talent vitality is "released", not "managed". It is suggested to further change the concept of talents, speed up the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of talents, optimize the talent policy, create a better talent ecology, and create conditions for further releasing the vitality of talents.

The first is to change the concept of talent development and promote the development of talent career with comprehensive evaluation of talents.In terms of talent concept, it is necessary to further improve the evaluation system of scientific and technological talents with classification, scientific diversity and openness. According to the job characteristics, set evaluation indicators, and recognize the performance of job responsibilities, participation in scientific research work, high-level papers published, and the effectiveness of achievements transformation as contributions, so as to avoid using only signed achievements as the basis for assessment and evaluation.

The second is to speed up the reform of the system of scientific and technological talents and stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents with the guidance of increasing knowledge value.On the basis of ensuring the normal growth of the basic salary level, we will gradually increase the basic salary that reflects the innovative talents to perform their duties and responsibilities, and increase the autonomy of performance pay. We will increase the sharing ratio of scientific and technological achievements of researchers, and increase the fruitful income of researchers through multiple channels. Give researchers the long-term right to use their scientific and technological achievements for not less than 10 years, and clarify the specific operation methods for researchers to take part-time jobs.

The third is to speed up the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" for scientific and technological talents and further create "relaxation" for scientific research.Give scientists more power to decide the technical route, control more funds and dispatch more resources, and accelerate the formation of strategic fulcrum and yan zhen pattern. Promote scientific research units to reduce the frequency of assessment, implement medium-and long-term assessment such as employment period assessment and project cycle assessment, and simplify and dilute the usual assessment. Open major national scientific research infrastructure and large-scale scientific research instruments to the society, and improve the use efficiency of scientific research equipment and the synergistic effect of innovation.

The fourth is to optimize all kinds of talent policies and actively shape the ecological environment of scientific and technological talents suitable for people to give full play to their talents.Vigorously carry forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" with innovation as the core in the whole society, and vigorously cultivate an environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure. Consultation channels should be established for management issues and financial systems with strong policies, and good practices, experiences and cases of local and unit scientific and technological talents development should be well publicized.　

(The author Qian Cheng is an associate researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center; Feng Wenmeng is a researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center)

According to the latest real-time statistics of WHO, at present, there are 1,995,983 cases diagnosed in COVID-19 and 131,037 deaths worldwide, 1,013,093 cases diagnosed in Europe and more than 1.91 million cases outside China.

More than 650,000 cases were diagnosed in the United States, and the cumulative death toll exceeded 30,000 cases.

According to the global COVID-19 data real-time statistical system released by Johns Hopkins University, as of 6 pm EST on April 16th, the United States reported 658,263 confirmed cases and 32,186 deaths in COVID-19, and 3,262,921 cases were detected. In the past 24 hours, there were 23,288 newly diagnosed cases and 4,246 new deaths in the United States. The data shows that the number of deaths in the United States reached a new high on the 16th.

Protests against "home orders" have appeared in many places in the United States, and cooperation and coordination among seven central and western States have reopened.

Recently, protests against home orders have appeared in many places in the United States, which has put pressure on state governments. On the 15th in Michigan, thousands of demonstrators protested around the state capitol, saying that epidemic prevention measures were causing small businesses to die. Protests also took place in Kentucky and North Carolina.

△ The picture shows the activities of protesting home orders in Michigan, USA.

In Michigan alone, more than 1 million people (about a quarter of the state’s workforce) applied for unemployment benefits.

The new york Times commented that the scale of protests like Michigan shows that people’s patience is limited. As anxiety, uncertainty and unemployment increase, the next few weeks will be a test for state governors and local leaders.

Apple and Google jointly promoted the US version of "Health Code" to track infected people with Bluetooth, and Cook promised not to invade privacy.

On April 15th, Fox News reported that Apple and Google intend to jointly develop new technology to help officials track COVID-19 infected people. This technology is directly embedded in IOS and Android systems and tracked via Bluetooth. If users have contact with infected people, they will be reminded even if they are not connected to the internet. In the tweet, Cook promised not to invade people’s privacy, and said that he would share the data in Google Maps to help the government understand how people travel in the community.

The cumulative number of confirmed cases in France reached 100,000.

On the evening of April 16th, local time, as of that day, 108,847 cases of COVID-19 were confirmed in France, an increase of 2,641 cases compared with the previous day. A total of 17,920 deaths were reported, an increase of 753 cases over the previous day.

French medical staff who treat COVID-19 patients can receive a subsidy of up to 1,500 euros.

According to the British "Guardian" news on April 15th, French Prime Minister édouard Philippe announced an "emergency economic plan". According to the plan, French doctors, nurses and other staff participating in COVID-19 patient rescue activities will receive tax-free bonus subsidies ranging from 500 euros to 1,500 euros. Bonuses will be distributed according to the risk coefficient, and medical staff who are on the front line of anti-epidemic and have a high risk of infection will receive relatively high subsidies.

At the same time, the overtime pay of medical staff participating in the anti-epidemic work will be increased by 50%, and with the above subsidies, qualified medical staff can get more than 2,000 euros in additional income. The Guardian reported that bonuses and overtime pay for medical staff are expected to cost 1.3 billion euros, which is part of the French government’s 110 billion euro "economic revitalization" budget.

More than 600 people on the French "De Gaulle" were diagnosed and 20 sailors were hospitalized.

According to foreign media reports, a spokesman for the French navy said on the 16th that about 20 sailors were still hospitalized after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic on the French aircraft carrier "De Gaulle". The French military has ordered an investigation into how the "De Gaulle" broke out.

The French Ministry of Defence said on the 15th that a total of 1,767 naval soldiers were tested, almost all from the "Charles de Gaulle", and at least 668 people showed positive reaction. The "De Gaulle" set sail for the eastern Mediterranean on January 21st to support French military operations against extremists in Iraq and Syria, and then went to the Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea. Later, the "De Gaulle" participated in the exercise of the Nordic Navy in the Baltic Sea, but returned to Toulon two weeks early after the sailors developed COVID-19 symptoms.

Britain became the sixth country in the world with more than 100,000 confirmed cases.

On the 16th local time, the latest news released by the British Ministry of Health showed that there were 4,618 new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the UK in a single day, with a total of 103,093 confirmed cases, making it the sixth country in the world with more than 100,000 confirmed cases. There were 861 new deaths, and the cumulative number of deaths rose to 13,729.

The British Parliament will resume on April 21st, and it will be conducted remotely by video for the first time in history.

The British House of Commons announced on the 16th that the British Parliament will resume on April 21st. Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, Members of Parliament will hold the meeting by video conference, which is the first time in the history of the British Parliament for more than 700 years that it will be held remotely.

The British government issued badges to nursing home workers, but it was bombarded: what was lacking was protective equipment.

On April 15th, the British Minister of Health said at the epidemic briefing that special badges would be issued to nursing home workers, so that they could be recognized and receive the same welfare treatment as NHS medical staff. However, this move has caused widespread criticism. Many people question that nurses do not need badges, but need personal protective equipment and virus detection reagents. At present, there are more than 2,000 nursing homes in the UK with COVID-19 epidemic, but the number of deaths in nursing homes is not included in the number of deaths in COVID-19. The British government promised to strengthen virus testing in nursing homes to prevent the spread of the epidemic.

Britain announced an extension of the blockade for at least three weeks.

On the 16th, local time, Dominique Rab, the acting foreign secretary in charge of the British government, announced that the British blockade would be extended for at least three weeks to curb the spread of COVID-19.

Rab said that the premature relaxation of the blockade measures will damage the economy and the health care system, and the government will only make adjustments under conditions that it considers safe, but it is impossible to predict the time. The British government will conduct an assessment on May 7 to decide whether to extend or adjust the blockade ban.

There were 3,448 new confirmed cases of COVID-19, with a total of 27,938 confirmed cases.

According to the Moscow Epidemic Prevention Command on the 16th, in the past 24 hours, there were 3,448 newly confirmed cases in COVID-19, with a total of 27,938 confirmed cases. Russian infectious disease experts believe that the number of newly confirmed cases will continue to hit a new high in a single day. At present, the epidemic in Russia has not reached its peak, and it is expected that the peak will come from June to July.

President Putin said that preparations for the May 9th military parade will be postponed.

On the 16th local time, Russian President Vladimir Putin said that due to the COVID-19 epidemic, preparations for the May 9th military parade would be postponed. He also stressed that the Red Square parade and the "Immortal Legion" parade will still be held this year.

Confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been found in all Russian federal entities.

On the afternoon of 16th local time, the Altai Republic of Russian Federation announced the first confirmed case of COVID-19. So far, all 85 federal entities in Russia have been infected.

Russian Deputy Prime Minister Gorikova said that at present, the vast majority of cases are concentrated in the capital Moscow and Moscow State, and the peak of COVID-19 epidemic in Russia still needs to wait for several weeks. According to Russian infectious disease expert Nikolai Malshev’s prediction, the turning point of COVID-19 epidemic in Russia will come from June to early July.

IndiaThere were 826 newly confirmed cases, with a total of 12,759 confirmed cases.

According to the latest data of COVID-19 epidemic released by Indian Ministry of Health on 16th, as of 17: 00 that day, there were 826 new confirmed cases in India, with a total of 12,759 confirmed cases, 1,515 cured cases and 420 deaths.

The number of confirmed cases in COVID-19, the largest slum in India, rose to 86, with 9 deaths.

According to Indian media reports, as of the afternoon of 16th local time, the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Talawi slum, India’s largest slum, rose to 86, including 9 deaths. Compared with the previous day, 26 new cases were confirmed.

Since the first confirmed case of COVID-19 appeared in the slums of Talawi on April 1st, the number of confirmed cases has been rising. The local media are worried that Talawi may become the biggest "time bomb" in the Indian epidemic due to its dense population, tight space and worrying health conditions.

India’s comprehensive blockade is extended, and the textile industry may lay off 10 million people.

According to Indian media reports, the Indian Garment Manufacturers Association (CMAI) said that more than 80% of the Indian garment industry is small and micro enterprises, and most enterprises simply cannot survive the epidemic for three to six months. According to CMAI, there are about 3,700 registered enterprises and more than 700,000 employees. If the Indian government does not take assistance measures in wage subsidies or return to work plans, the number of jobs in the entire textile industry in India will be greatly reduced, and the total number of layoffs may be as high as 10 million. As the textile industry is an important economic pillar of India, once it falls, it will lead to serious consequences.

650,000 sets of rapid detection kits ordered by India from China arrived.

The Indian government announced on the 16th local time that it had received 650,000 sets of rapid detection kits ordered from China. Dr Raman, head of epidemiology and infectious diseases of Indian Medical Research Council, said that these kits are mainly used to monitor the changing trend of infection in hot spots in COVID-19, India. The purpose is monitoring, not diagnosis.

This shipment is part of an Indian order for 15 million sets of personal protective equipment (PPE) and 1.5 million sets of rapid detection kits from China.

It is estimated that in the next two weeks, six more batches of medical supplies will arrive from China.

There are 570 new cases of COVID-19’s disease in Japan, and 9292 cases have been diagnosed.

According to a report by the Japan Broadcasting Association TV station at 22: 49 local time on April 16th, there were 570 new cases of COVID-19 in Japan that day, with a total of 9,292 confirmed cases and 186 deaths.

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe: Japan is in a state of emergency.

On April 16th, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe declared a state of emergency in all parts of the country.State, the end time is May 6th. On April 7, Abe declared a state of emergency in seven regions including Tokyo based on the Special Measures Law. As the epidemic spread in Japan, Abe extended the scope of application of the declaration of state of emergency to all parts of Japan.

Several employees were infected and the headquarters of Asahi TV Station in Japan was blocked.

On April 16th, Japanese media reported that the headquarters building of Asahi TV Station will be blocked for three days from 17th to 19th for comprehensive disinfection and cleaning. Except for some employees who participate in the live broadcast of the program, others are not allowed to enter in principle. On April 15th, COVID-19 was diagnosed by two employees of the news program "Reporting Station", one was the chief producer of the program and the other was the production employee of the program. Previously, a host of the station was also diagnosed with infection.

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus: The number of deaths has increased tragically.

The lifting of restrictions must be carried out carefully.

On 16th local time, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, said at the briefing of the delegation that WHO had received nearly 2 million cases of COVID-19, and the death toll increased by more than 40,000 cases compared with last week’s briefing. This is a frightening and tragic increase, but some countries in the "epicenter" of the epidemic have also shown encouraging signs.

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stressed that some countries are considering lifting restrictions, but they must proceed with great care. If it is released too quickly, it will face the risk of recurrence of the epidemic, which may lead to more serious situations.

Image Network is integrated from Johns Hopkins University data, CCTV news, People’s Daily, Beijing News, overseas network, Yonhap News Agency, Associated Press, Kyodo News, Sputnik news agency & radio, BBC, etc.

　　CCTV News:On April 10th, the State Council Joint Prevention and Control Mechanism held a press conference. Ren Hongbin, Assistant Minister of Commerce, and Li Xinggan, Director of Foreign Trade Department, introduced relevant measures to stabilize foreign trade and answered questions from reporters.

　　Ren Hongbin, Assistant Minister of Commerce, introduced that in order to promote the development of cross-border e-commerce, the State Council has introduced a series of policies and measures to support enterprise development, mainly in three aspects:

　　First, in terms of taxation, for the goods that the e-commerce export enterprises in the comprehensive test area have not obtained valid purchase vouchers, the tax exemption policies for value-added tax and consumption tax will be tried out according to the regulations, and at the same time, the approved collection methods for enterprise income tax will be implemented, and the income tax will be levied at the lowest taxable income rate of 4%, which has solved the industry’s concern that the tax burden will be too heavy due to the lack of input invoices.

　　Second, in terms of supervision, the cities where the qualified comprehensive test area is located can be included in the pilot scope of cross-border e-commerce retail import, and the bonded stocking business can be carried out. The imported goods are supervised according to personal use items, and the preferential tax rate is applicable within the trading limit.

　　Third, in terms of facilitation, the application of "simplified classification and list clearance" will increase the single transaction limit of cross-border foreign exchange payment by payment institutions, simplify the procedures for the receipt and payment of small and micro cross-border e-commerce goods, and give priority to the establishment of facilitation measures such as the International Mail Exchange Bureau.

In order to do a good job in the scientific implementation of the "Class B and B Management" of Covid-19 infection in rural areas of our province, on January 5, the emergency headquarters Office of Sichuan Province issued "Guiding Opinions on Actively Doing a Good Job in the Prevention and Control of Covid-19 Infection in Rural Areas" and Health Service (hereinafter referred to as "Opinions"), guiding local sinking forces, moving forward the customs, taking the initiative to serve and getting home from work, and insisting on "early detection, early identification and early intervention"

The opinion puts forward five "initiatives", namely, taking the initiative to reach home for personnel, taking the initiative to reach home for cadres, taking the initiative to reach home for health services, taking the initiative to reach home for epidemic prevention drugs, and taking the initiative to reach home for prevention and control requirements.

Take the initiative to arrange people to arrive at home, and ask all localities to organize village cadres, grid workers, volunteers and other forces to find out the situation of people in the village in accordance with the principle of "one household, one check, one day check, and one day check", and then dynamically update them through the combination of online and offline. Improve the accounts of key groups such as the elderly aged 65 and over and those with basic diseases in the village, and dynamically grasp the situation of returnees.

Take the initiative to contact the cadres at home, and the secretaries at the county, township and village levels will take the lead. The township cadres, village cadres, the first secretary in the village and the task force, party member, volunteers and other forces should sink into the households and move forward, so as to scientifically and accurately do all the work of epidemic prevention and control. Do a detailed rural grid management service, establish and improve the working mechanism of county, township and village grading and zoning to contact and serve key rural people.

Take the initiative to provide health services home, identify a person in charge of health management for each elderly person, and conduct health monitoring every day. Mobile roving medical teams are dispatched in villages and towns to provide medical treatment and referral services for the masses. County-level medical communities have made clear that special personnel are responsible for the referral connection, simplified the referral process of critically ill patients, established and unblocked the green channel for referral of critically ill patients, and improved the referral efficiency.

Take the initiative to get epidemic prevention drugs home, and set up reserve points for medical epidemic prevention materials in short supply at different levels. According to the standard of serving 15% to 20% of the population, we will strengthen the supply of medical materials such as fever reduction and cough relief in village clinics and community health service stations. Equipped with a certain number of small molecular drugs, and standardized use under the guidance of higher-level hospitals. For destitute people, elderly people suffering from basic diseases, and elderly people living alone in empty nests, township organizations distribute antipyretics and other "love and epidemic prevention health packages" in advance, and distribute finger-clip oximeters to key people over 65 who are at risk of severe Covid-19 infection and have difficulty in moving.

Take the initiative to achieve prevention and control requirements at home, give full play to the role of "village ringing" radio and "understanding card", and let the masses know the basic knowledge of Covid-19 infection, the process of treatment, and the 24-hour consultation telephone number of village cadres and local township hospitals. Properly control cluster activities and promote the progress of vaccination. (Reporter   Kan Yingying)

Barrier-free environment construction is the basis for ensuring the full and convenient participation and integration of special groups such as the disabled into social life and promoting all social personnel to share the fruits of economic and social development. The Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the China Disabled Persons’ Federation have jointly released a number of typical cases of public interest litigation in barrier-free environment construction, promoting barrier-free environment construction from three aspects: barrier-free facilities construction, barrier-free information exchange and barrier-free social services, and safeguarding the rights and interests of specific groups such as the disabled and the elderly.

In recent years, in the process of promoting new urban construction, many places have built barrier-free facilities that are humanized, systematic, intelligent and coordinated with the surrounding environment by building barrier-free parking spaces, adding intelligent blind roads, and guiding the blind on the bus, making the life and travel of the disabled, the elderly and other groups more "unobstructed and loving".

Add intelligent blind roads to make travel unimpeded

[Highlights]

In some cities, intelligent blind roads with embedded electronic sensors have been added to urban roads, and the intelligent guidance system for helping the blind is synchronized. When blind citizens cross the street, the smart bracelet and mobile phone APP will activate the intelligent system, remind the passing vehicles to slow down and be polite, and guide the blind citizens to pass safely.

[lens]

In order to help visually impaired people travel safely, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, launched an intelligent blind zebra crossing last year, which combines video surveillance and radio frequency identification equipment to improve the traffic safety factor to a greater extent.

"The reason for increasing the blind road design is because we received feedback from the masses in May last year that there are more visually impaired people near this road, about 100. Due to the lack of barrier-free facilities in this section, there are great security risks for visually impaired people. " The staff of relevant departments said. In October last year, after many investigations and technical research and development, the relevant departments of Nanning added a zebra crossing with blind lanes embedded in it, with a length of nearly 30 meters, which was synchronized with an intelligent guidance system for the blind, and a chip bracelet was distributed for the visually impaired. According to reports, whenever visually impaired people cross the street, the guidance system for the blind will sense the signal of their bracelets, and LED display screens, warning lights, voice prompts and other equipment on the north and south sides of the intersection will give early warning to passing vehicles by visual and sound means to remind them to slow down and be polite. "When crossing this zebra crossing, the bracelet doesn’t have to be held in your hand and put in your pocket. The blind guidance system can also sense it, which makes it easier for us to walk." Tao Jin, a visually impaired person, said.

It is worth noting that in the pavement design, the zebra crossing is granular, and the concave and convex feeling of stepping on it can guide the visually impaired. At night, the guidance system for the blind will also send out laser tips to make them cross the street safer.

In October this year, the first special blind road with embedded electronic equipment in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province was officially opened. This blind road is located at the intersection of Changjiang North Road and Mingzhu Road in Tianyuan District, and it crosses the underground passage of the main road. Relevant departments have added electronic equipment to the original blind road in this section to guide the blind people to walk intelligently and improve their travel experience. Electronic sensors are embedded in the middle of this blind road at intervals, and electronic speakers are installed at every corner. Blind people can seamlessly link to the electronic blind road guidance system through the mobile phone APP, and the mobile phone and electronic speakers will give voice prompts, accompanied by obstacles and stairs to guide blind citizens to pass safely.

On-line interactive system makes guidance unimpeded

[Highlights]

Some cities have built intelligent voice interactive public toilets and bus guide blind systems. The blind can arouse the voice interactive system, not only ask the specific location of some public facilities, but also give an alarm to seek outside help in case of emergency.

[lens]

"Right in front of you are the smart toilets and children’s toilets side by side, and your right hand side is the sink …" This leading voice comes from a barrier-free public toilet in Jianghan Community, Changhe Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.

It is understood that there are seven "AI intelligent barrier-free public toilets" in Jianghan community, some are located in communities, some are located beside parks, and some are in commercial buildings. In such a public bathroom, as soon as the door is opened, the AI intelligent vocal guidance system will broadcast the facilities and location in the bathroom by voice.

"This is our vocal guidance system specially designed for the visually impaired. With this system, after entering the private barrier-free public toilet, they can independently and quickly locate and use the facilities in the house, and there is no need to grope around for the sink. " The relevant person in charge of Jianghan Community said. In addition to the smart toilet, the improved version of the double-handle armrest and backrest, the inside of the bathroom door is equipped with a closing handle, which is convenient for wheelchair users to close the door. At the same time, it is specially equipped with Braille guidance, alarm bell and children’s toilet and multifunctional nursing table.

Not long ago, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province launched version 2.0 of the bus guide system for the blind. Visually impaired people can quickly know the distance of vehicles and the location of waiting stations by shaking their smartphones.

It is understood that when waiting for a bus, visually impaired people can hear how many stops before the next bus arrives at the waiting station as long as they gently shake their mobile phones, and the distance of the vehicles will also be informed. If the road environment is noisy, visually impaired people can gently shake their mobile phones close to their ears, so that they can hear the location of waiting vehicles more clearly and avoid the situation that they can’t get on the bus because they can’t hear the station announcement information.

At the same time, when the driver hears the vehicle automatically broadcasting the arrival reminder, he can know in time that the visually impaired people at the site need to get on the bus, and the driver can also actively find, check and wait for the visually impaired people at the site to get on the bus through this system. The bus guide system for the blind (Version 2.0) closely connects the driver and the visually impaired waiting for the bus, realizing the "two-way trip" between the driver and the passenger, and bringing more intimate guide service for the visually impaired.

Humanized transformation makes service have love.

[Highlights]

Some cities adhere to the principles of "individuation" and "humanization", and comprehensively consider various factors such as the category, degree and characteristics of the disabled, install intelligent equipment for the families of the disabled, or add intelligent facilities in public places to promote the transformation of barrier-free transformation from infrastructure transformation to intelligent transformation.

[lens]

How to make the disabled and the elderly better participate in social life? Playing cards in the square, going to the park for fun, and taking a comfortable hot bath … The answer may lie in this "loving" humanized service.

Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other three departments jointly issued a number of typical cases of procuratorial public interest litigation for barrier-free environment construction to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of specific groups such as the disabled and the elderly. Among them, in the "Administrative Public Interest Litigation Case of Shenzhen People’s Procuratorate Urging to Improve the Barrier-free Function of the Audible Warning Device for Crossing the Street", the relevant departments in Shenzhen took immediate measures to implement the rectification in view of the problems such as the absence of the Audible Warning Device for Crossing the Street at the crosswalk and improper maintenance and management of the device. Relevant departments have explored the installation of a new type of intelligent audio warning device for crossing the street. After the pilot, they have planned to install it at all eligible newly-built or rebuilt intersections in Nanshan District and Longgang District of Shenzhen, and gradually push it out in the whole city.

Not only in Shenzhen, but also in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, demonstration projects have been actively built, and 12 sets of intelligent sound prompting devices have been installed at the intersection of Laodong Road and Xihuan Road in conjunction with relevant departments. In addition, Suzhou has also explored the pilot of intelligent barrier-free bus guide service in the city, and launched a "barrier-free network car ride" for special groups in the province to meet the travel needs of disabled passengers.

In addition to further improving the service facilities in public places, some places have also actively promoted the intelligent transformation of home barrier-free facilities.

Ms. Zheng, who lives in Beitou Community, Anlin Station Town, Feicheng City, Shandong Province, has been unable to stand on her lower limbs because of polio sequelae since childhood. She has to work hard several times more than normal people to do many simple things, such as turning on and off lights, pulling curtains and drying clothes. Considering her actual situation, the relevant departments of Feicheng City included her home in the scope of this year’s barrier-free intelligent transformation, and installed a number of intelligent facilities and equipment for her, including smart lights, electric curtains and electric lifting clothes racks.

"Things that were inconvenient or impossible in the past can now be done alone." Ms. Zheng said that the barrier-free intelligent transformation has solved her big trouble and made her home life more convenient, comfortable and safe.

Since its establishment in 2005, Hangzhou Jinghua Microelectronics Co., Ltd. has been working hard in the field of high-performance analog and digital-analog mixed integrated circuits and has made continuous breakthroughs.

Jinghua Micro Company focuses on the research and development and sales of high-performance analog and digital-analog mixed integrated circuits, and provides users with one-stop integrated circuit design and product application solutions with strong innovative design capabilities and advanced quality assurance system. For many years, we have insisted on independent innovation, and have a number of core technologies, such as digital-analog mixed SoC technology integrating high-precision AFE and MCU, high-performance analog signal chain design capability, etc., and obtained a number of patents and soft ownership.

The company’s products are rich and diverse, covering medical and health SoC chips, industrial control and instrument chips, intelligent sensing SoC chips, analog signal chains, BMS AFE, etc., which are widely used in many fields such as medical and health, industrial control and automation, instrumentation, electric equipment and tools, smart home and so on.

In the field of medical and health care, Jinghua Micro has introduced high-performance SoC chips for eight-electrode body fat scales and other products to meet the application scenarios such as high-end human health measurement IC. With the improvement of residents’ health awareness, the company upgraded and developed a new generation of sphygmomanometer, oximeter and blood glucose meter chips to improve ADC performance and EMC performance of the system to meet public health needs.

In the field of industrial instruments, Jinghua Micro focuses on the layout of special chips for temperature, pressure and liquid level signal conditioning and transmission and output, completes the prototype design of various application schemes and continues to promote them, while developing products with higher cost performance.

In the field of intelligent perception, the company designs home appliance control chips with touch buttons, enters the small household appliance market, and studies anti-interference algorithms to improve reliability.

In BMS field, the project is in the stage of R&D and design, and will be applied to many fields in the future.

Jinghuawei’s high-performance commercial pricing scale chip and high-performance sphygmomanometer and blood glucose meter special chip have been supplied, and many other chips will be launched one after another.

Jinghua Micro’s core technical team has rich experience, insists on independent innovation, and its R&D investment is increasing year by year, and it has established joint laboratories with many universities.