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CCTV News:Since the explosion of the "Russian Gate" in the United States, it seems like a "nuclear bomb" with great lethality, which has caused an uneasy political storm in American politics, and public opinion in the international community has been in an uproar.

The origin of TongRumen

TongRumen means that since Trump was elected president of the United States, his campaign team has been accused of "TongRumen". The Russian side firmly denies interfering in the US election, but since Trump took office, the "TongRumen" storm of his campaign team has been constantly fermenting.

Review of the TongRumen Incident

Flynn, the former assistant to the president for national security affairs, took office only three weeks ago, and was forced to resign because he talked with the Russian ambassador to the United States about sanctions against Russia but concealed them from the vice president during the transition period. On May 8, 2017, the day before Komi was dismissed, US National Intelligence Director james clapper accused Russia of "reaching a warning line" in the Senate hearing, but said that there was no evidence that Trump "communicated with Russia".

On May 11, 2017, the director of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), Komi, was suddenly expelled by President Trump. According to sources familiar with this incident in the US Congress, Komi asked the Ministry of Justice a few days ago to allocate more funds for Russia’s involvement in the investigation of the US election last year.

A person close to Trump’s former national security assistant Flynn revealed on the 30 th that Flynn will provide a number of relevant documents at the request of the Senate Intelligence Committee, and the first batch of documents will be submitted on June 6.

Flynn’s team of lawyers reminded the Senate Intelligence Committee on the 30th that Flynn would respond to the two summonses he had received before, and all documents related to the two summonses sent to Flynn Company would be handed over, in addition to a private document related to a single subpoena.

On June 5, 2017, White House spokeswoman Sarah Huckabee Sanders said that Trump’s abandonment of administrative privileges would not prevent Komi from testifying in Congress.

Flynn submitted 600 pages of documents to the Senate.

On the 6th, American media reported that Flynn, former national security assistant to the Trump administration, had submitted about 600 pages of documents to the Senate Intelligence Committee, most of which were commercial documents and some personal documents.

　　　 Earlier, Flynn said in the face of the Senate’s investigation and arraignment that he would use the Fifth Amendment right of the US Constitution, that is, he could not testify against himself and refused to accept the arraignment. The Senate then issued another subpoena for Flynn. The documents submitted this time are the materials that Flynn submitted in response to this arraignment. At present, Flynn is not only the object of investigation by the Senate, but also the object of investigation by the US House of Representatives and the Ministry of Justice concerning Russia.

Fermentation of "TongRumen" Event in America

At present, the US Congress is still investigating the Trump campaign team’s so-called "access to Russia", and the "key figure" in the investigation is Michael Flynn, former national security assistant to the President. Why did Flynn become the "storm core" of this incident? Let’s learn about it through the short film.

Flynn was investigated for private contact with Russia.

Flynn has been an important supporter of Trump in the 2016 US presidential election, and was selected as the President’s National Security Assistant in November of that year. On January 22, 2017, Flynn was sworn in. But soon, the American media revealed that Flynn was being investigated by the US intelligence department because of his relationship with the Russian government. It is reported that Flynn had privately contacted Russian Ambassador to the United States Sergey Kislyak in December 2016, and hinted in vague language that the Trump administration would lift sanctions against Russia.

Flynn resigned amid controversy less than a month after taking office.

After this incident was exposed, it caused an uproar in the United States. On February 13th, Flynn, who just took office for more than 20 days, announced his resignation amid controversy. In his resignation letter, he admitted that he inadvertently provided incomplete information to Vice President Burns and others on the phone conversation with the Russian ambassador to the United States. However, although Flynn resigned, he is still the focus of the "TongRumen" investigation. The documents subsequently released by the White House also show that Flynn admitted that he had received income from Russian companies such as "Russia Today" TV station and Volga-Dnepr Airlines, but did not specify the specific amount of income.

The US Senate Intelligence Committee subpoenaed Flynn.

On May 10, 2017, the US Senate Intelligence Committee issued a subpoena to Flynn, asking him to provide documents related to Russia’s interference in the US election investigation. This is also the first time that the Senate Intelligence Committee issued a subpoena in the process of investigating whether Russia intervened in the US election.

According to the US media report on May 22nd, Flynn decided to refuse the summons of the Senate Intelligence Committee.

Putin denied that Russia interfered in the US election.

Megyn kelly, a senior female anchor of NBC, made an exclusive interview with Putin in St. Petersburg on the 1st of this month. In the interview, Putin denied any contact with Flynn, the resigned national security assistant of the former US president, who is a key figure in the current investigation of Trump team’s "communication with Russia" by various US agencies. Previously, one of the evidences that Flynn was considered to be "too close" to Russia was a photo of him sitting next to Putin when he attended an event of "Russia Today" TV station in Moscow on December 10, 2015. At that time, the retired army general was an adviser to Trump.

Putin told Kelly that meeting Flynn was a routine dinner. "I was there to make a speech. Then we chatted a few words and I got up and left. Later, someone told me, ‘ You know, an American man was involved in something. He used to work in the security department. ’” Putin said, "That’s it. I haven’t even really talked to him. That’s all I know about Mr. Flynn."

Putin once again denied that the Kremlin interfered in the US presidential election by hacking the Democratic Party’s email system. He said that hackers may be able to cleverly frame Russia anywhere, including the United States. Putin also said that it is meaningless for Russia to interfere in the US election, because no matter who is the US president, Russians know what they will get from an American leader.

The FBI launched an investigation into the relationship between Trump’s son-in-law kushner and Russia

According to American media reports on the 25th, kushner, Trump’s son-in-law and senior White House adviser, became the target of investigation by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI). Analysts believe that this move means that the investigation of "TongRumen" has entered a new stage, extending from the White House to the Trump family circle. Unlike other members of the team, if kushner is involved in "TongRumen", Trump may face the dilemma of being trapped.

The tree wants to be quiet, but the wind will not stop. The "Russian Gate" continues to cause a bigger storm in Washington. According to Washington post, FBI investigators are investigating the meeting between kushner and Russian Ambassador to the United States kislyak and a Russian banking executive during the handover of Trump team and the Obama administration last year. Kislyak was once called a spy by American officials, and even accused of graduating from a spy school, which he vehemently denied.

Although the FBI is investigating kushner, it is only a preliminary stage. NBC quoted an American official as saying that investigators believe that kushner has key information, but the investigation does not mean that kushner is involved in a crime or intends to sue him.

Komi will go to Congress to testify that Trump once considered using privilege to stop.

Komi is scheduled to testify publicly before the US Senate Intelligence Committee on June 8. This is his first public appearance since he was dismissed. The American media expect that he will be asked about his conversations with Trump and White House officials, especially whether Trump ever asked him to terminate the FBI investigation on Michael Flynn, former national security assistant of the President.

Some legal professionals in the United States believe that if Trump tries to obstruct Komi’s testimony, he may not only fail, but also bring more trouble and public pressure to himself.

On May 9, Trump suddenly dismissed Komi, who had been presiding over the FBI’s investigation on Russia’s intervention in American elections. One of the investigations was whether the Trump campaign team colluded with Russia. Komi’s departure immediately set off a political storm in the United States.

Trump has repeatedly denied that his campaign team has anything to do with Russia, claiming that the "TongRumen" is pure fiction and the Democratic Party is making excuses for losing the election. But what is the truth of the incident? With the in-depth investigation of the key figures in the incident, the truth about TongRumen may surface.

During the National Day, prefabricated dishes have once again become a hot topic of consumption. Some people who go out to eat have found that some restaurants have used "fried now" as a selling point. After on-the-spot visits and expert interviews, we found out four core problems, hoping to uncover the true face of prefabricated dishes.

Question: Is there a definition of prepared food?

Ready-to-eat, hot, cooked and prepared.

During the festival, supermarkets and wholesale markets are crowded. Meat, fruits and vegetables, aquatic products, cooked food … The counter is crowded with consumers.

In some freezers, the reporter saw prefabricated dishes. There are sweet and sour tenderloin, boiled pork slices and fish-flavored shredded pork, and there are also more complicated ones, such as Maoxuewang and fish head with chopped pepper. In addition, there are more upscale "clubhouse only" Buddha jumping wall and pepper chicken. These prefabricated dishes are priced from a dozen yuan to five or six hundred yuan.

In addition to these products clearly marked with prefabricated dishes, what other products belong to prefabricated dishes?

According to the group standard "Product Specification for Precast Vegetables" jointly drafted by a number of catering enterprises and research institutes under the leadership of China Cuisine Association, prefabricated vegetables refer to ready-to-eat, that is, hot, instant-cooking and instant-cooking, which is made by washing, cutting, matching and cooking with one or more ingredients as the main raw materials, with or without auxiliary materials and condiments (including food additives).

It can be seen that the dishes or staple foods covered by prefabricated dishes are very rich, and some dishes that we used to eat often can also be classified as prefabricated dishes.

Celebrity chef Zhang Yanjun told reporters that Chinese food has long had the technique of pre-cooking. The steamed buns, steamed buns and fried forks that we will steam in advance during the Chinese New Year can all be included in the category of pre-cooking. But these prefabricated dishes are familiar to consumers. What consumers don’t understand, often discuss, and are easy to question are all kinds of prefabricated food packages.

Second question: Did you tell me about the prepared dishes?

The right to know has not been implemented yet.

In shopping malls, the dining floor is always the hottest business. The waiter stood in front of the store, holding a menu to sell to consumers. The reporter read it once and asked again, and found that no restaurant would take the initiative to mark the prepared dishes on the menu. Some restaurant waiters directly deny the use of prefabricated dishes, but their brand of prefabricated dishes are sold online, and even emphasize that "it is the same as the store".

There is a dumpling shop, and jiaozi in the shop is all packaged now, but some soup-pot dishes can’t be spicy, because they are prepared and delivered by the central kitchen. A Hunan restaurant said that most of the dishes in the store are freshly fried, and only a small number of noodles are prefabricated dishes. Some Thai restaurants have specially emphasized that the time for serving dishes is a little slow, because all of them are fried now. There are also restaurants that directly put "fresh speculation" on advertisements in conspicuous positions.

The consumer’s right to know has not been implemented yet. If the restaurant clearly marks the prepared dishes, consumers can choose according to their needs.

"Consumers into the hotel, is for the sake of what? If it is to pursue delicious food and the charm of Chinese food, it is inevitable that the taste cannot be ignored. I don’t object to prefabricated dishes, but using prefabricated dishes and on-site production is a different experience for taste buds. " Zhang Yanjun said that in real business, many restaurants have to use prefabricated dishes because of factors such as cost and kitchen standards. A kung pao chicken, the production of prefabricated vegetables is stable and lacks characteristics; Stir-fried is a fresh and jumping taste. "I think the market will give a choice in the end. Consumers who don’t mind prefabricated dishes and consumers who want to taste freshly fried dishes will walk into different stores. "

Third question: Is there a standard for pre-cooked dishes?

One diced chicken has three faces.

In a large supermarket, nearly 20 kinds of prefabricated dishes are placed on the shelves in the semi-finished food area specially set up, and many of them have been sold out. Publicity slogans such as "one dish in five minutes" and "one table in five minutes" highlight the convenience and quickness of prefabricated dishes. Different kinds of dishes are placed in the prefabricated dish area, but the implementation standards of dishes also have their own characteristics.

Even for the same kind of prefabricated dishes, the production execution standards used are different. Take kung pao chicken, a home-cooked dish, as an example. On a supermarket shelf, the product standard number is SB/T10648；; On the package of pre-cooked vegetables promoted by another supermarket, the implementation standard is QB/T 5471; On a shopping platform, the product standard number of a brand kung pao chicken is SB/T10379. After inquiry, it was found that "SB/T10648" was the industry standard of frozen prepared food, "QB/T5471" was the industry standard of instant dishes, and "SB/T10379" was the industry standard of quick-frozen prepared food. In other words, one kung pao chicken has three "faces".

In fact, the industry standard is only one of the standards currently adopted in the field of prefabricated dishes. According to statistics, as of May this year, there are about 120 standards of prepared dishes in various places, including local standards, group standards and enterprise standards, but there is still a lack of national standards.

Yi Zhu, an associate professor at the College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering of China Agricultural University, believes that there are countless production execution standards for prefabricated vegetables in the market at present. However, most of these standards are "turning around in the same place with another name, without going any further." High standards can give birth to high-quality prefabricated dishes. She believes that the state should introduce some mandatory standards for pre-cooked dishes, but in the current situation of mixed markets, it is imperative to encourage enterprises, industries and places to demand themselves with higher standards.

Four questions: Is the prepared dish nutritious?

The market needs "three good" prepared dishes

"It’s convenient to buy prefabricated dishes, but I didn’t think too much about others." A citizen who often buys prefabricated vegetables said that he certainly hopes that prefabricated vegetables can be safe and nutritious, but the reality is that many times the packaging information can’t be understood. At the same time, some citizens believe that the additives used in prefabricated dishes should be more standardized first. "How much each kind has added should be written out."

Compared with some labels of prefabricated vegetables, the reporter saw that information such as ingredient list, nutritional components, shelf life, implementation standards, etc. are usually marked on the packaging of prefabricated vegetables, and some products are also marked with allergen information.

For example, in a kung pao chicken, food additives, compound water retention agents, compound acidity regulators and food spices are marked in the meat package. Among them, acetylated starch adipate, sodium tripolyphosphate, sodium hexametaphosphate and sodium alginate are difficult for consumers to understand.

Yi Zhu said that the public and the market need "three good" prepared dishes that are delicious, easy to cook and nutritious. At present, the public is most worried about the issue of food additives. Pre-cooked vegetable enterprises and industries should understand that additives should be added carefully, "if you can’t add them, don’t add them, if you can add less, you will never add more." At the same time, the current ingredient list of prefabricated dishes is too complicated to be understood by consumers. For example, what are the specific contents of raw materials, energy, protein, fat, dietary fiber, etc. in a prefabricated dish? "It is recommended to label it as a unit, not how much it contains per 100 grams."

Yi Zhu suggested that consumers should carefully read the ingredient list and other information when purchasing pre-cooked dishes. In pursuit of safety and nutrition, they can mainly refer to the sodium ion content. "The lower the sodium ion content, the more they choose it", and they should "vote with their feet" on commodities and enterprises. In order to standardize the healthy and orderly development of the prefabricated dish industry and truly achieve the "three good", we should gradually establish an effective supervision mechanism such as a unified standard system, certification system and traceability system for prefabricated dishes on the basis of establishing and introducing higher standards in the future.

　　Senior three students. Photo courtesy of vision china

　　Self-study at 7 am, self-study at 10 pm, and study for more than 12 hours a day. Almost all senior three students in all parts of the country have entered the state of preparing for the college entrance examination, while some senior two students have entered the last six months of course study.

　　10.31 million is the number of applicants for the national college entrance examination in 2019. Under the pressure of many parties, the promotion function of high school education has given way to the selection function, and it has long been a normal state that the second year of high school completes the teaching task of high school and the third year of high school becomes the stage of reviewing for the exam.

　　China’s modern educational system began with the "Renyin" educational system. In 1922, the "Renxu" school system, or "633" school system, was implemented until the founding of New China. After several changes, by the mid-1980s, the "six-three-three" academic system had been restored in most parts of China. Since then, the academic system of senior high school has been basically stable for three years. According to media reports, some schools in Sichuan and Hebei have explored the implementation of the "two-four academic system", that is, two years in junior high school and four years in senior high school.

　　So how many years in high school? Now it has become a problem. Lao Kaisheng, the chief professor of education in Capital Normal University, believes that "the problem of high school education is not how many years to study, but the key is to arrange and implement the curriculum and teaching content reasonably according to the academic system."

　　Every day is the same in the last year of high school.

　　After the summer vacation, Zhao Long, who graduated from Anhui Jieshou No.1 Middle School, became a freshman majoring in computer science in Anhui Normal University. He described himself as if he had been in high school for two years, because he was reviewing in the last year of high school.

　　"Get up at 5: 40, study in the morning at 6: 40, have classes at 8: 00, have four classes in the morning and afternoon, and study in the evening at 10: 00. You can only rest on Sunday morning every two weeks. " This is Zhao Long’s senior three timetable, and it is also the schedule of many senior three students. Hu Min, a senior three student at Laibin No.1 Middle School in Guangxi, feels: "Every day is the same."

　　Zhao Long still remembers the frequent exams in senior three. There are quizzes every day and placement exams once a week. Doing exercises and exams day after day bored Zhao Long with writing. During the interview, he would pause and say, "It’s like a composition question."

　　He thought of a way to avoid writing a composition. In the Chinese classroom exam, the teacher will ask the group leader to collect all the papers and hand them in to the office. After correcting them, the group leader will count the scores. Zhao Long is the team leader. He took advantage of his position to take out the papers that he didn’t write, and then registered a score for himself casually.

　　In fact, Zhao Long’s senior three started from the summer vacation of senior two. In his memory, the summer vacation was nothing more than the teacher in the class changing places and then going to class. "It is voluntary, but it is actually forced." "Ordinary Senior High School Curriculum Plan (Experiment)" stipulates that there are 11 weeks of holidays each academic year, but in fact, the summer vacation is only two weeks.

　　Liu Yu, who was admitted to Renmin University of China with high scores, never thought about her high school life and would have an experience of being a deserter.

　　Liu Yu got top marks in the No.1 Senior Middle School in Mengjin County, Henan Province. At the beginning of August 2018, the class teacher informed him and two other students in the class to take the selection exam in Hengshui. If the exam passed, the senior three could study in Hengzhong, and the college entrance examination would return to their hometown. The class teacher said that the school paid a great price and asked them to go back and discuss with their parents. "Parents are particularly supportive", Liu Yu said that everyone wants to go to Hengzhong, and I am no exception. "Being in Hengzhong is equivalent to stepping into Tsinghua Peking University".

　　At the end of August 2018, Liu Yu and 12 "top students" from the same school came to Hengzhong to take the exam. "There are a lot of people, and they are taking the exam with repeat students." He passed the selection exam, and before he could think clearly, he hurriedly signed up for payment under the "encouragement" of teachers and parents.

　　"No one spoke during recess." On the first day of Liu Yu’s arrival in the classroom, he was frightened. There were more than 100 students in a class, from the blackboard to the last row, all of them were crowded with people, and the depressed atmosphere wrapped around him. He remembered the pictures of classmates chatting and playing games with physical education class before recess. His heart ached and he decided to leave.

　　After Liu Yu returned to Henan, he found that the school also began to adopt the "Hengshui model", so he had no choice but to adapt. For a year and a half of review, he has his own views: the first time was rough, mainly because he was familiar with the teaching materials; The second docking college entrance examination, focusing on combing. "Quite reasonable, you can’t finish the direct college entrance examination."

　　"If the education reform, test scores only account for a small part, (school) teaching you practical ability, interpersonal skills, comprehensive ability, it is definitely a good resource that can’t catch up with big cities." Liu Yu said that all his classmates understand this truth and understand what the teacher said, "the college entrance examination changes fate."

　　From one-year preparation to two-year preparation

　　It seems that the "last year" of basic education has become a "review year", which has become a generally accepted reality. Behind the annual review of senior three is the teaching progress of catching up, grabbing and fighting in the first two years of senior high school. A three-year course is compressed into two years, or even a year and a half. On the way to teaching "speeding", some students were left behind and had to run with them all the way.

　　Wang Jia is a senior two student of Pingzhong Affiliated School in Pingxiang City, Jiangxi Province. She has been taking online classes in the past summer vacation. This is not the teacher’s request, but she took the initiative to register, in order to "catch up on the abandoned courses".

　　She reflected on the reasons for her poor grades, such as inattention and desertion, and some teachers rushed to catch up with the teaching progress and spoke too fast. "Just because a few students can keep up with the teacher doesn’t mean that the whole class can keep up."

　　Many students like Wang Jia report that their knowledge in senior one and senior two is not solid. "When reviewing in senior three, they feel that the textbook is just like a new one."

　　Zhao Tianyu, who graduated from the No.1 Middle School in Erdos City, Inner Mongolia, recalled that in high school, "I can’t learn and I can’t do well in the exam" is like two big stones on her body and heart. Every time the results come out, she holds the test paper and shouts, "Don’t learn, don’t learn". However, after crying, she still had to dry her tears, pick up the thrown books and continue to learn. She said: "Learning needs interest. In just three years, I have learned a lot in a bunch of subjects that I don’t like." She thinks that learning is the meaning of learning.

　　Zhang Ming feels that he is very similar to Fang Yifan in the popular TV series "Little Joy" in the previous paragraph: his grades are not good and he likes singing and dancing. He likes acting since he was a child. He has acted in two micro-movies and many drama sketches. Performance can satisfy many of Zhang Ming’s ideas. "I really enjoy the process of performance and another feeling of life under the camera."

　　Because he loves acting, Zhang Ming wants to take the art test, but he didn’t expect his parents and school to become a stumbling block on his dream. Shimen middle school, Nanhai District, Foshan, Guangdong, where he attended, is the best middle school in Nanhai District. "There is no music class in senior three". He once told his teacher, but the teacher told him that the school did not support the art test and could not provide any help and guidance. Zhang Ming’s father also voted against it. "It is unrealistic to study art and you can’t find a good job after graduation."

　　Zhang Ming, who loves freedom, feels bound by the framework of the college entrance examination. For nearly a year and a half of review, Zhang Ming commented: "Review is at best experience and promotion, and at worst it is a blank space that is persisted by will."

　　The school was caught in the middle.

　　Teachers hold a variety of views on the teaching methods to strengthen students’ ability to take exams, compress teaching time and lengthen review time, with some approval and some helplessness.

　　Hou Shengxin, an English teacher in the middle school affiliated to Henan University, thinks that there are advantages and disadvantages: "The exam-oriented teaching pays more attention to the ontology of knowledge and ignores the ability of students." She cited, for example, high school English, and now many places still learn dumb English; Another example is geography, which requires students to go out, understand the reality and integrate with life, rather than simply learning books.

　　"Compressing teaching time itself reduces the effective time for students to improve their practical application ability. In addition, it is even more unfavorable for students with weak foundations. " However, Mr. Hou also feels reasonable from another angle: "It is certainly not stupid for schools to compete to do this. Practice makes perfect and it is polished repeatedly."

　　In order to leave enough review time for one to one and a half years, teachers in all subjects have to attend two or three classes every day to catch up with the teaching progress; Schools should arrange self-study in the morning and evening, take classes on weekends, and extend the daily study time.

　　Teacher Chen is the head teacher of a high school in Baotou, Inner Mongolia. He said: "Under the exam-oriented education mode, schools pay attention to grades, and there is nothing they can do." Teacher Chen has to teach 12 class hours a week. This number of class hours, multiplied by the six subjects of the college entrance examination, has far exceeded the 35 class hours a week stipulated by the senior high school curriculum standards.

　　"Nothing can be done" is the word that Teacher Chen mentioned most in an interview. Local governments assess schools with the enrollment rate as the standard; The school assigns the indicators of one copy rate, heavy copy rate and Tsinghua Peking University to each class; Parents pin their children’s hopes of being admitted to a good university on teachers. Under heavy pressure, Mr. Chen said, "No way, teachers can only strengthen students’ ability to take exams through continuous review and examination."

　　Lao Kaisheng once studied the high school curriculum standards with a number of education experts. He said: "I think the high school curriculum is very tense after three years, and I am not the only one who thinks so." According to him, since 2016, some high-quality schools in Beijing have re-divided the middle school, with two years in junior high school and four years in senior high school.

　　This year, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Education and Teaching and Improving the Quality of Compulsory Education in an All-round Way", stating that it is strictly forbidden to exceed the standard of teaching, rush to catch up with the teaching progress and end the course ahead of schedule.

　　Teacher Chen said frankly that the local departments would report in advance before the review, "change the class schedule and remove the morning and evening self-study." Later, simply put a "compliance" schedule in the classroom, and the students performed another schedule. In fact, local departments turn a blind eye and even support in disguise. "Teachers’ night self-study fees are financial subsidies."

　　Parents of students also hold a favorable attitude. "It is efficient to study in school" and "you should study in senior three". With the help of parents and the acquiescence of local departments, the "review at the end of the year" has intensified.

　　Xiong Bingqi, vice president of the 21st Century Education Research Institute, thinks that the school is caught in the middle, the government should assess the enrollment rate of the school, and parents should emphasize what kind of university their children want to attend. Under the influence of these two forces, the school will take the way of speeding up, finish classes as soon as possible, and then carry out intensive review.

　　"Review at the end of the year" has become an unsolvable problem

　　In fact, the phenomenon of "review at the end of the year" is not unique to high schools, but also exists in junior high schools. Xiong Bingqi learned that junior high schools all over the country basically take two years to finish three years of classes, and the last year is used to brush the questions.

　　"The basic education of the 12-year academic system requires a complete education for students. In addition to knowledge learning, students must also receive life education, life education and survival education." Xiong Bingqi, for example, said that high school students in the United States and Canada got the university admission notice in December, but they had to complete the last semester.

　　The education department has explicitly prohibited training institutions from teaching ahead of time and teaching ahead of time, but the "review at the end of the year" that is common in junior and senior high schools is still regarded as normal, which Xiong Bingqi thinks is a very abnormal phenomenon.

　　Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Education and Teaching and Improving the Quality of Compulsory Education in an All-round Way puts forward the main task of improving the quality of compulsory education in an all-round way. The first task is to adhere to the "five educations" and develop quality education in an all-round way. Highlight the effectiveness of moral education, improve the level of intellectual education, strengthen physical exercise, enhance aesthetic education, strengthen labor education, and promote the all-round development of students.

　　Xiong Bingqi summed up this phenomenon as two factors. First, the local government does not administer education according to law, does not stop or investigate acts that undermine the teaching order, and evaluates schools and teachers with the enrollment rate as the guide. The second is a single score evaluation system, which tests what to teach and teaches what to learn, which leads to the score theory in the basic education stage. Coupled with parental approval, it has become a long-standing "unsolvable problem."

　　Lao Kaisheng believes that this is not only an educational issue, but also a social issue. The current social stratification and social division of labor have put pressure on the college entrance examination. "Going to college and going to vocational high school has a big income gap and status gap in future employment, which leads to people being more willing to go to college." Invisible social pressure is imposed on the college entrance examination, which has increased the burden of college entrance examination.

　　It’s common sense that exams need to be reviewed. "I think it’s too much to spend a whole year to cope with an exam." Lao Kaisheng thinks that half a year’s review time is more reasonable. He admits that it will take some time to change. "The narrowing of the gap between the rich and the poor in society will also alleviate this problem, and at the same time, we must take into account and coordinate the selection function and promotion function of education."

　　How to solve this problem, Xiong Bingqi also prescribed several prescriptions. First of all, according to the relevant regulations of the state, supervise the running of schools, provide students with a complete basic education, and start all courses to ensure the course time and quality. In addition, the reform of the evaluation system does not take the enrollment rate as a single standard. The mode of separation of teaching and recruitment is adopted, that is, the evaluation system of independent school running in middle schools and independent entrance examination in universities.

　　"Basic education and teaching dominated by college entrance examination subjects is the biggest problem in education at present. Education other than knowledge education has problems of marginalization and weakening. " He pointed out that if the way of enrolling students only by exam results remains unchanged, the mode of preparing for exams for one year or even one and a half years will still exist.

　　(At the request of the interviewee, Zhao Long, Hu Min, Liu Yu, Wang Jia and Zhang Ming are all pseudonyms. )

　　China Youth Daily China Youth Network Trainee reporter Shi Jia reporter Li Xinling

Qingming holiday is just around the corner. While strengthening the prevention and control of epidemic situation, railway police authorities around the country have arranged police forces scientifically and rationally, strengthened the inspection and prevention of station areas, increased the investigation of hidden dangers in line security, actively maintained good public security order, and ensured smooth railway transportation and safe passenger travel.

According to the actual situation of passenger flow and public security in railway police, local authorities determined the key stations and work priorities, increased the police force of key stations, strengthened patrol inspection in station areas, improved the quality and efficiency of prevention, intensified the crackdown on "stealing, robbing and cheating", urged the stations to strictly check the danger, and carried out publicity on the prohibition of carrying inflammable and explosive dangerous goods into the station through radio, electronic screens and other forms. The Public Security Department of Beijing Railway organized the police to step up the inspection of the entrance and exit of passenger stations, and concentrated on rectifying the illegal acts of disturbing order. Hohhot, Qingdao, Xuzhou and other railway public security departments made unannounced visits to the station security inspection, and promptly urged the rectification of existing problems. The Wuhan Railway Public Security Department dispatched 50 policemen to set up a special police reserve team to prepare for the emergency of holiday passenger flow at any time. The 16 station police stations of Xilinhot Railway Public Security Department strengthen the linkage with stations, local public security and train passengers to ensure the rapid and timely transmission of information clues. The Yuyao station police station of Hangzhou Railway Public Security Bureau moved its post forward and deployed police forces in important parts such as epidemic prevention and control channels and waiting rooms. Mudanjiang Railway Public Security Bureau Mudanjiang Freight Yard Police Station urged the freight department to strictly implement the security inspection system for goods entering and leaving the yard to ensure transportation safety. On March 29, Chongqing Railway Public Security Bureau arrested Zhou, a suspect who stole jewelry and other property on the train on December 31 last year, in Enshi City, Hubei Province. On March 30, after receiving the alarm, the police of Xuzhou Railway Public Security Bureau, who took the G2584 train, seized Zhang, a passenger hiding in the toilet, in No.3 carriage in time.Later, Zhang was fined by Beijing Railway Public Security Bureau and punished by 500 yuan. On March 31, Xi ‘an Railway Public Security Bureau persuaded Yang, a suspect who stole a passenger’s mobile phone on the G2240 train on March 27, to surrender himself through publicity and education. On March 31st, the police station of Guangzhou South Railway Station of Guangzhou Railway Public Security Bureau arrested Xia Mou, a suspect in 400 yuan, who was suspected of selling mobile phones at low prices at Guangzhou South Railway Station on March 26th and 30th, and then swindling two passengers for 298 yuan by replacing the model machine.

Railway police authorities around the country also strengthened patrol inspection along the railway in combination with the situation of burning paper on graves along the Qingming period. The Public Security Department of Kuitun Railway organized the police to visit 40 villages along the route, to find out the key time points and key sections of mass sacrifice, and to carry out targeted inspections of hidden dangers of line security. Nanjing Railway Public Security Bureau Zhonghua Gate Station Police Station, yingtan Railway Public Security Bureau Jingdezhen Station Police Station, Dandong Railway Public Security Bureau Nanfen Station Police Station and other units jointly investigated the hidden dangers of line security and implemented preventive measures for key facilities and equipment. The police station of Xiaogan North Station of Wuhan Railway Public Security Bureau organized police to visit 28 villages along the line, and increased publicity and guidance for the villagers along the line during the Qingming period. Nanjing Railway Public Security Bureau Nantong Station Police Station, Xuzhou Railway Public Security Bureau Xinyi Station Police Station and Hefei Railway Public Security Bureau Jixi North Station Police Station combined with learning the "Fengqiao Experience" and joined local public security and comprehensive management departments to strengthen inspections of key line sections. Yingtan Railway Public Security Bureau Yingtan North Station Police Station, together with the local comprehensive management and road protection departments, went deep into 12 villages in 4 towns along the line to carry out 8 fire prevention and safety publicity, educating more than 2,000 villagers. The police station of Dongkou Station of Huaihua Railway Public Security Bureau organized police to patrol the 48.675 km high-speed rail line on foot, focusing on rectifying outstanding problems such as illegal flying of drones to ensure the safety and smoothness of the line. The police station of Qiziwan Station of Hainan Railway Public Security Bureau organized police to go deep into the villages along the high-speed railway to publicize relevant laws and regulations.Remind the villagers not to set off Kongming lanterns, flying kites and other low-altitude floating objects along the high-speed rail. (correspondent Liang Xizheng)

Affected by continuous heavy rainfall, floods occurred in many places in Guangdong. The officers and men of the People’s Liberation Army and the Armed Police Force heard the order and quickly organized a number of rescue forces to rush to the disaster site to participate in the rescue.

A brigade of the 74th Army of the Army:

On April 20th, affected by heavy rain, floods and geological disasters occurred in Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province. After receiving the task, a brigade of the 74th Army of the Army urgently dispatched more than 300 officers and men, and dispatched various types of vehicles and equipment to the front line of disaster relief.

Due to heavy rain, roads collapsed and bridges were damaged, and vehicles and engineering equipment could not enter. The brigade sent an advance team to trek for 8 hours, and divided two rescue teams into two administrative villages in jiangwan town to carry out search and rescue and transfer the trapped people. At the same time, the peripheral road repair team completed the road dredging task of about 27 kilometers and opened up the life passage to the disaster area.

Officers and men of a brigade of the 74th Army of the Army are clearing obstacles and clearing roads.

A rocket army unit:

On the morning of April 20th, a flood disaster occurred in Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province due to heavy rain. On hearing the order, the officers and men of a certain unit of the Rocket Army organized a lean support force and carried relief materials according to the emergency plan for flood control. 100 officers and men went to the disaster-stricken areas from two directions to assist in the transfer of trapped people, pay close attention to repairing damaged roads and actively participate in the treatment of injured people.

Officers and men of a certain unit of the Rocket Army are clearing obstacles and clearing roads.

Shaoguan detachment of Guangdong Armed Police Corps:

On the morning of April 20th, a landslide occurred near a farm in jiangwan town, Wujiang District, Shaoguan City, Guangdong Province. Shaoguan detachment of Guangdong Armed Police Corps immediately dispatched 25 officers and men, carrying chain saws, shovels, hoes, lifelines, life jackets, lifebuoys and other rescue materials and equipment to the front line for rescue. Because the driving section was blocked, vehicles could not wade through, and the on-site commander immediately led some officers and men to the mission area on foot. By 20: 00 on the 20th, the task force had successfully rescued two people trapped by the flood and helped to open the apron for the rescue helicopter to land.

On the 21st, Shaoguan detachment sent 275 officers and men to participate in the rescue operation in jiangwan town. At present, 300 officers and men of Shaoguan detachment continue to undertake emergency rescue tasks in jiangwan town.

Officers and men of Shaoguan detachment of Guangdong Armed Police Corps rescued the trapped people at night.

Zhaoqing detachment of Guangdong Armed Police Corps:

Affected by heavy rainfall, there have been different degrees of disasters in Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province recently.

Zhaoqing detachment of Guangdong Armed Police Corps responded quickly, and immediately dispatched troops to carry rescue equipment such as assault boats and life jackets to participate in the rescue in Huaiji County and Guang Ningxian.

Officers and men of Zhaoqing detachment of Guangdong Armed Police Corps used rescue boats to transfer trapped people.

On April 21, 15 officers and men of Guangning Squadron of Zhaoqing detachment went to the front line after receiving the task, reinforced the dam urgently, and cooperated with relevant departments to transfer trapped villagers and materials in Daliang Village of Hengshan Town.

On the afternoon of the 21st, at the mission site, Huaiji Squadron of Zhaoqing detachment urgently transferred more than 30 trapped patients and people from Huaiji County Maternal and Child Health Hospital.

Officers and men of Zhaoqing detachment of Guangdong Armed Police Corps are filling sandbags.

Wentu: Liu Yinuo, zhangxin, Zhang Feng, Tu Guofei, Liao Binhua, Li Yuchen, Yu Fangfei, Zeng Qingfeng, Yin Huan, Liu Zhenheng.

　　Cctv newsOn the 18th, Russian President Vladimir Putin met with visiting German Chancellor Angela Merkel in Sochi.

　　During the talks, the two sides discussed the situation in Syria, Russia-Europe relations and the withdrawal of the United States from the Iranian nuclear agreement.

　　Merkel visits Putin and flowers greet him.

　　German Chancellor Angela Merkel arrived in Sochi, Russia on the 18th. After arriving, she immediately met with Russian President Vladimir Putin.

　　In order to show the friendship between the two countries, Putin, who was waiting at the door, also presented a bouquet of flowers for Merkel.

　　Merkel’s visit is to ease Russia-Europe relations.

　　The main purpose of Merkel’s trip is to ease the tense Russian-European relations in recent years. In the context of the current rift between the US and Europe due to the Iranian nuclear deal and trade issues, her trip has attracted much attention.

　　The two discussed international hot issues.

　　At the joint press conference after the meeting, Putin said that the meeting with Merkel was timely and beneficial. When talking about the situation in Syria, Putin said that if Europe wants refugees exiled there to return to their homes, it should help Syria revive its economy and provide substantial humanitarian assistance to Syria, and these issues should be depoliticized.

　　Merkel says friendship with Russia is in Germany’s interest.

　　Merkel hopes that Russia will exert influence on the Syrian government and urge them not to create difficulties for refugees to return home. She also said that good relations with Russia are in Germany’s strategic interests.

　　Both Russia and Germany support the maintenance of the Iranian nuclear deal.

　　On the withdrawal of the United States from the Iranian nuclear deal, Merkel said that both Germany and Russia support this agreement and hope that Iran will remain in the framework of the agreement. Although this agreement is not perfect, it is better than nothing. At the same time, the European Union also agrees that negotiations on Iran’s ballistic missile program are needed in the future.

　　Putin: The Nord Stream 2 project has nothing to do with politics.

Putin and Trump (the network map has nothing to do with the content)

　　Putin and Merkel also focused on the "Nord Stream 2" natural gas pipeline construction project. Putin said that this pipeline is a purely commercial project and has nothing to do with politics — — He also rarely directly named the US President Trump.

　　When asked about the "Nord Stream 2" natural gas pipeline construction project, Putin said that the construction of the project is entirely from an economic point of view, without political factors. He also stated that "Nord Stream 2" is not a substitute for Ukraine’s natural gas pipeline, and even after the completion of "Nord Stream 2", the natural gas pipeline supplying gas to Europe through Ukraine can still continue to operate.

　　US interferes with Russian energy project Putin and Trump

　　Last year, Gazprom signed agreements with many energy companies in France, the Netherlands, Austria and Germany to jointly promote this project.

　　The Trump administration has repeatedly warned that companies involved in the construction of the project may face US sanctions. In this regard, Putin’s response is a bit rude.

　　Reuters described Putin’s comments on Trump as "unusually straightforward", because although Putin criticized American policies, he always respected Trump himself. In the words of Russian officials, Putin and Trump have established a "good personal relationship".

　　Some commentators also pointed out that Russia and Europe are opposed to the Trump administration’s policies on the Iranian nuclear deal and other issues, which may lead to reconciliation between Russia and Europe. The "Nord Stream 2" project concerns the common interests of Russia and Europe, especially Germany, and also provides an opportunity to repair the seriously damaged Russian-European relations after the outbreak of the Ukrainian crisis.

Chairman Mao’s special porcelain bowl

Chairman Mao’s special porcelain bowl

　　"The modern ceramics we often mention now generally refer to the ceramics produced since the founding of New China 60 years ago. Some modern porcelains have a certain historical accumulation, especially those that can reflect the porcelain-making technology and level of New China, and also have high collection and investment value. " Mr. He Zhenggu, Secretary-General of the Ceramic Professional Committee of Jiangsu Collectors Association, was a guest in the live video studio of "Yangtze Jianbao" yesterday. He said in the lecture on modern porcelain appreciation and collection that in recent years, many investors in Nanjing have begun to target modern porcelain that was not paid attention to before but has great appreciation potential.

　　Early modern porcelain was made by famous artists.

　　He Zhenggu said that modern ceramics can be divided into three categories.

　　First of all, in the 1950s and 1960s, the ceramic industry in China was still in a state of great waste. Due to the attention and call of the state, and in order to meet the needs of domestic and foreign markets, large-scale production enterprises such as Jingdezhen, the Millennium porcelain capital, appeared one after another, and a large number of old ceramists gathered in this era. These factories and enterprises occupied strong technical talents, such as Cai Jingbiao, He Shuigen and other famous sculptors in the late Republic of China, which made the ceramic works of this period reach the founding of New China.

　　The stock of "Red Official Kiln Porcelain" in the Cultural Revolution was small.

　　Secondly, in modern ceramics, the ceramics during the Cultural Revolution are divided into one category, that is, the ceramics during the Cultural Revolution, which is now the new favorite of collectors. This historical period is very special. Most of the porcelains produced are porcelain statues and badges. In addition, there are a large number of daily necessities, such as porcelain plates, bowls, cups, pots, vases, pen holders, etc. The patterns are mostly quotations from Mao Zedong, poems, patterns of workers, peasants and soldiers, and heroic figures. Among them, the special porcelain for Chairman Mao, which was developed and produced in the late Cultural Revolution, is more valuable for collection. It is also known as "Red Official Kiln Porcelain" because of its extremely high level of craftsmanship and rare survival. This batch of porcelain is highly respected in the domestic and foreign markets.

　　He Zhenggu pointed to the "Lotus-to-Flower Bowl" in his hand and said that the technological feature of the Cultural Revolution porcelain is that the patterns are neat, and every two flowers are very symmetrical together, without any deviation, which has high requirements for painters, which is beyond the reach of the general artistic level. In addition, the porcelain tire is translucent, which is equivalent to the quality of jade. This kind of porcelain is a kind of ornamental device called "Chairman Porcelain", which is the representative of the highest level of ceramics since the founding of New China. In addition, the image of ancient girls, big collar, high bun and flower arrangement on her head also showed the obvious characteristics of porcelain during the Cultural Revolution.

　　Famous artists combine oil painting style into porcelain.

　　The third kind of modern porcelain is called contemporary artists’ porcelain. He Zhenggu said that contemporary masters pay more attention to the quality and artistic level of tires, glazes, patterns and shapes of their works, and at the same time pay more attention to the development of individuality. For example, Li Jusheng, a professor at Jingdezhen Ceramic Institute and a master of arts and crafts in China, made repeated experiments on high-temperature colored glaze for many years when developing his personal works, and used his own understanding of China’s history and culture to organically combine ancient poetry, ancient painting style and oil painting style.

　　The collection value of modern porcelain has reached hundreds of thousands.

　　"The collection value of modern porcelain has reached tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands." He Zhenggu said that in the 1950s and 1960s, the ceramic works of state-owned factories generally did not leave personal names, and only the authors or their families could be identified according to the painting style of porcelain. Therefore, porcelain-like works have a certain historical value since they were fifty or sixty years ago, and their economic value is related to their specifications, shapes, authors, artistic attainments and other factors. At present, the market of the works of old ceramists in the late Republic of China and the early liberation period is excellent, especially the works of Wang Xiliang, Zhang Songmao and other old ceramists, with the market price ranging from tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands.

　　There are four ways to identify "porcelain"

　　Regarding the identification method, He Zhenggu said, first of all, the three categories of modern porcelain are different in many ways. At the beginning, the porcelain works in state-owned factories did not leave personal names. Only by finding the author or identifying his family according to the style of porcelain painting, its economic value was related to its size, shape, author, artistic attainments and other factors.

　　In addition, the value of "Mao porcelain" is the highest among the cultural revolution porcelain. For example, in 1997, a small bowl of Chairman Mao’s special porcelain was photographed to 1.7 million in China, setting the highest market for single-piece "Mao porcelain". He Zhenggu especially reminded that if Tibetan friends want to collect "Mao porcelain" now, they should identify it from four aspects: shape, glaze, ornamentation and embryo quality, and master the characteristics and specifications of various objects. The genuine glaze in this period is white and transparent, and the division of labor is fine. Moreover, this batch of porcelain is all made of Linchuan kaolin in Fuzhou, all made by hand, fired at high temperature, with thin embryo, translucent and striking.

　　The identification of the third kind of contemporary artists’ ceramics requires Tibetans to do their homework first, understand the market conditions, consult the auction price, ask the masters more, and also understand the master’s popularity and reputation in society.

　　"The collection of modern ceramics is expensive in’ slow fire and slow work’, which requires both peace of mind and perseverance. If you persist for many years, you will get something, and the return on investment is only a matter of time. " Mr. He Zhenggu said. Wang Fang Yao Yuxin Kong Xiaoping/Wen

　　Xu Jiewei Song Qiao/Photography

Editor: Sun Jie