标签： 南京夜生活网论坛

Barrier-free environment construction is the basis for ensuring the full and convenient participation and integration of special groups such as the disabled into social life and promoting all social personnel to share the fruits of economic and social development. The Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the China Disabled Persons’ Federation have jointly released a number of typical cases of public interest litigation in barrier-free environment construction, promoting barrier-free environment construction from three aspects: barrier-free facilities construction, barrier-free information exchange and barrier-free social services, and safeguarding the rights and interests of specific groups such as the disabled and the elderly.

In recent years, in the process of promoting new urban construction, many places have built barrier-free facilities that are humanized, systematic, intelligent and coordinated with the surrounding environment by building barrier-free parking spaces, adding intelligent blind roads, and guiding the blind on the bus, making the life and travel of the disabled, the elderly and other groups more "unobstructed and loving".

Add intelligent blind roads to make travel unimpeded

[Highlights]

In some cities, intelligent blind roads with embedded electronic sensors have been added to urban roads, and the intelligent guidance system for helping the blind is synchronized. When blind citizens cross the street, the smart bracelet and mobile phone APP will activate the intelligent system, remind the passing vehicles to slow down and be polite, and guide the blind citizens to pass safely.

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In order to help visually impaired people travel safely, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, launched an intelligent blind zebra crossing last year, which combines video surveillance and radio frequency identification equipment to improve the traffic safety factor to a greater extent.

"The reason for increasing the blind road design is because we received feedback from the masses in May last year that there are more visually impaired people near this road, about 100. Due to the lack of barrier-free facilities in this section, there are great security risks for visually impaired people. " The staff of relevant departments said. In October last year, after many investigations and technical research and development, the relevant departments of Nanning added a zebra crossing with blind lanes embedded in it, with a length of nearly 30 meters, which was synchronized with an intelligent guidance system for the blind, and a chip bracelet was distributed for the visually impaired. According to reports, whenever visually impaired people cross the street, the guidance system for the blind will sense the signal of their bracelets, and LED display screens, warning lights, voice prompts and other equipment on the north and south sides of the intersection will give early warning to passing vehicles by visual and sound means to remind them to slow down and be polite. "When crossing this zebra crossing, the bracelet doesn’t have to be held in your hand and put in your pocket. The blind guidance system can also sense it, which makes it easier for us to walk." Tao Jin, a visually impaired person, said.

It is worth noting that in the pavement design, the zebra crossing is granular, and the concave and convex feeling of stepping on it can guide the visually impaired. At night, the guidance system for the blind will also send out laser tips to make them cross the street safer.

In October this year, the first special blind road with embedded electronic equipment in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province was officially opened. This blind road is located at the intersection of Changjiang North Road and Mingzhu Road in Tianyuan District, and it crosses the underground passage of the main road. Relevant departments have added electronic equipment to the original blind road in this section to guide the blind people to walk intelligently and improve their travel experience. Electronic sensors are embedded in the middle of this blind road at intervals, and electronic speakers are installed at every corner. Blind people can seamlessly link to the electronic blind road guidance system through the mobile phone APP, and the mobile phone and electronic speakers will give voice prompts, accompanied by obstacles and stairs to guide blind citizens to pass safely.

On-line interactive system makes guidance unimpeded

[Highlights]

Some cities have built intelligent voice interactive public toilets and bus guide blind systems. The blind can arouse the voice interactive system, not only ask the specific location of some public facilities, but also give an alarm to seek outside help in case of emergency.

[lens]

"Right in front of you are the smart toilets and children’s toilets side by side, and your right hand side is the sink …" This leading voice comes from a barrier-free public toilet in Jianghan Community, Changhe Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.

It is understood that there are seven "AI intelligent barrier-free public toilets" in Jianghan community, some are located in communities, some are located beside parks, and some are in commercial buildings. In such a public bathroom, as soon as the door is opened, the AI intelligent vocal guidance system will broadcast the facilities and location in the bathroom by voice.

"This is our vocal guidance system specially designed for the visually impaired. With this system, after entering the private barrier-free public toilet, they can independently and quickly locate and use the facilities in the house, and there is no need to grope around for the sink. " The relevant person in charge of Jianghan Community said. In addition to the smart toilet, the improved version of the double-handle armrest and backrest, the inside of the bathroom door is equipped with a closing handle, which is convenient for wheelchair users to close the door. At the same time, it is specially equipped with Braille guidance, alarm bell and children’s toilet and multifunctional nursing table.

Not long ago, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province launched version 2.0 of the bus guide system for the blind. Visually impaired people can quickly know the distance of vehicles and the location of waiting stations by shaking their smartphones.

It is understood that when waiting for a bus, visually impaired people can hear how many stops before the next bus arrives at the waiting station as long as they gently shake their mobile phones, and the distance of the vehicles will also be informed. If the road environment is noisy, visually impaired people can gently shake their mobile phones close to their ears, so that they can hear the location of waiting vehicles more clearly and avoid the situation that they can’t get on the bus because they can’t hear the station announcement information.

At the same time, when the driver hears the vehicle automatically broadcasting the arrival reminder, he can know in time that the visually impaired people at the site need to get on the bus, and the driver can also actively find, check and wait for the visually impaired people at the site to get on the bus through this system. The bus guide system for the blind (Version 2.0) closely connects the driver and the visually impaired waiting for the bus, realizing the "two-way trip" between the driver and the passenger, and bringing more intimate guide service for the visually impaired.

Humanized transformation makes service have love.

[Highlights]

Some cities adhere to the principles of "individuation" and "humanization", and comprehensively consider various factors such as the category, degree and characteristics of the disabled, install intelligent equipment for the families of the disabled, or add intelligent facilities in public places to promote the transformation of barrier-free transformation from infrastructure transformation to intelligent transformation.

[lens]

How to make the disabled and the elderly better participate in social life? Playing cards in the square, going to the park for fun, and taking a comfortable hot bath … The answer may lie in this "loving" humanized service.

Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other three departments jointly issued a number of typical cases of procuratorial public interest litigation for barrier-free environment construction to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of specific groups such as the disabled and the elderly. Among them, in the "Administrative Public Interest Litigation Case of Shenzhen People’s Procuratorate Urging to Improve the Barrier-free Function of the Audible Warning Device for Crossing the Street", the relevant departments in Shenzhen took immediate measures to implement the rectification in view of the problems such as the absence of the Audible Warning Device for Crossing the Street at the crosswalk and improper maintenance and management of the device. Relevant departments have explored the installation of a new type of intelligent audio warning device for crossing the street. After the pilot, they have planned to install it at all eligible newly-built or rebuilt intersections in Nanshan District and Longgang District of Shenzhen, and gradually push it out in the whole city.

Not only in Shenzhen, but also in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, demonstration projects have been actively built, and 12 sets of intelligent sound prompting devices have been installed at the intersection of Laodong Road and Xihuan Road in conjunction with relevant departments. In addition, Suzhou has also explored the pilot of intelligent barrier-free bus guide service in the city, and launched a "barrier-free network car ride" for special groups in the province to meet the travel needs of disabled passengers.

In addition to further improving the service facilities in public places, some places have also actively promoted the intelligent transformation of home barrier-free facilities.

Ms. Zheng, who lives in Beitou Community, Anlin Station Town, Feicheng City, Shandong Province, has been unable to stand on her lower limbs because of polio sequelae since childhood. She has to work hard several times more than normal people to do many simple things, such as turning on and off lights, pulling curtains and drying clothes. Considering her actual situation, the relevant departments of Feicheng City included her home in the scope of this year’s barrier-free intelligent transformation, and installed a number of intelligent facilities and equipment for her, including smart lights, electric curtains and electric lifting clothes racks.

"Things that were inconvenient or impossible in the past can now be done alone." Ms. Zheng said that the barrier-free intelligent transformation has solved her big trouble and made her home life more convenient, comfortable and safe.

Since its establishment in 2005, Hangzhou Jinghua Microelectronics Co., Ltd. has been working hard in the field of high-performance analog and digital-analog mixed integrated circuits and has made continuous breakthroughs.

Jinghua Micro Company focuses on the research and development and sales of high-performance analog and digital-analog mixed integrated circuits, and provides users with one-stop integrated circuit design and product application solutions with strong innovative design capabilities and advanced quality assurance system. For many years, we have insisted on independent innovation, and have a number of core technologies, such as digital-analog mixed SoC technology integrating high-precision AFE and MCU, high-performance analog signal chain design capability, etc., and obtained a number of patents and soft ownership.

The company’s products are rich and diverse, covering medical and health SoC chips, industrial control and instrument chips, intelligent sensing SoC chips, analog signal chains, BMS AFE, etc., which are widely used in many fields such as medical and health, industrial control and automation, instrumentation, electric equipment and tools, smart home and so on.

In the field of medical and health care, Jinghua Micro has introduced high-performance SoC chips for eight-electrode body fat scales and other products to meet the application scenarios such as high-end human health measurement IC. With the improvement of residents’ health awareness, the company upgraded and developed a new generation of sphygmomanometer, oximeter and blood glucose meter chips to improve ADC performance and EMC performance of the system to meet public health needs.

In the field of industrial instruments, Jinghua Micro focuses on the layout of special chips for temperature, pressure and liquid level signal conditioning and transmission and output, completes the prototype design of various application schemes and continues to promote them, while developing products with higher cost performance.

In the field of intelligent perception, the company designs home appliance control chips with touch buttons, enters the small household appliance market, and studies anti-interference algorithms to improve reliability.

In BMS field, the project is in the stage of R&D and design, and will be applied to many fields in the future.

Jinghuawei’s high-performance commercial pricing scale chip and high-performance sphygmomanometer and blood glucose meter special chip have been supplied, and many other chips will be launched one after another.

Jinghua Micro’s core technical team has rich experience, insists on independent innovation, and its R&D investment is increasing year by year, and it has established joint laboratories with many universities.

　　CCTV News:The General Administration of Customs announced on May 9 that in the first four months, China exported 4.44 trillion yuan of mechanical and electrical products, an increase of 10.5%, accounting for 57.9% of the total export value. Among them, the automobile was 204.53 billion yuan, an increase of 120.3%.

　　In the first four months of this year, China’s "new three products" of electric manned vehicles, lithium batteries and solar cells exported a total of 353.48 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 72%. Exported to more than 200 countries and regions around the world, it increased the overall growth rate of exports by 2.1 percentage points.

　　Products with high technology, high added value and leading green transformation, represented by the "new three kinds" of foreign trade, are becoming new growth points and new advantageous industries for China’s exports.

　　Editor’s note: People can’t stand without faith, and businesses can’t thrive without faith. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that for the outstanding lack of honesty, it is necessary to establish a credit information system covering the whole society, and to improve the law-abiding honesty reward mechanism and the punishment mechanism for breaking the law, so that people dare not break their promises and cannot break their promises.

　　How to establish a credit information system covering the whole society? How to break the information island, make it difficult for the untrustworthy to move, and make the trustworthy smooth all the way? Starting today, this newspaper launched a series of reports, focusing on the construction process of China’s enterprise credit information system, showing the status quo, experience and difficulties of enterprise credit information construction through three levels: national, local and market-oriented institutions.

　　What are the consequences of corporate dishonesty?

　　The loan failed, the business almost flew, and the bidding qualification was lost … … These are real cases that happened all over the country.

　　How do you know whether an enterprise has broken its promise?

　　The credit of an enterprise is not its privacy. You don’t need any authority to query it. Just log in to the national enterprise credit information publicity system and enter the enterprise name, unified social credit code or registration number, and the credit information of the enterprise can be seen at a glance.

　　At present, the national enterprise credit information publicity system has been basically completed and has become a powerful tool to strengthen supervision after the event. This information platform, led by the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, weaves the enterprise data of various departments and localities into a "national network", credit loopholes are tightening, credit punishment is intensifying, and the credit pattern of "one place is broken and everywhere is limited" is taking shape. How was this "net" covering the whole country built? How to form joint punishment with financial management departments and judicial departments? Is online and offline enterprise supervision unified?

　　The national enterprise credit information publicity system has become an important channel for all sectors of society to query enterprise credit information.

　　"Our company almost lost tens of millions of orders because it was included in the list of business anomalies by the national enterprise credit information publicity system." Mr. Miao, the relevant person in charge of the office of a power engineering design company in Nanjing, said.

　　It turned out that because the annual report was not submitted on time, Mr. Miao’s company was listed in the abnormal list, which made it impossible to enter the State Grid contractor management system and obtain power business orders. Although he later submitted the materials and applied to remove the abnormal list, Mr. Miao still had a lingering fear in retrospect.

　　The national enterprise credit information publicity system has become an important channel for all sectors of society to inquire about enterprise credit information. A large number of government departments, media, banks, commercial institutions and intermediary organizations inquire about enterprise information through the publicity system. By the end of March this year, there were 5.066 million market entities listed in the list of abnormal operations in China, including 4.629 million enterprises and 436,000 farmers’ professional cooperatives. Enterprises listed in the list of business anomalies account for 18.8% of the national enterprises, and farmers’ professional cooperatives listed in the list of business anomalies account for 23.5% of the national farmers’ professional cooperatives.

　　At first, it was not easy to break the information island.

　　As early as March 2014, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce opened a transitional national enterprise credit information publicity system, but there have been problems such as incomplete collection of enterprise information between regions and departments, weak infrastructure, and imperfect functions of supporting government management and serving the society.

　　In order to build a more comprehensive big data platform, SAIC has conducted special training for local staff, requiring the industrial and commercial and market supervision departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities to integrate information according to unified technical standards, data specifications and format specifications. At present, 31 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities across the country have established information collection and open sharing mechanisms, effectively solving the problems of information islands, especially the decentralization, regionalization and fragmentation of enterprise information.

　　In order to break the information island between departments and form the result of "one place is broken and limited everywhere", SAIC has pushed the information data of business exception list to the departments of development and reform, commerce, land and resources, financial management and justice in real time. At the same time, it will also work with the Supreme People’s Court and the Ministry of Justice to impose business restrictions on those who have been executed for dishonesty and those who have been released from prison. At present, a total of 5,150,700 market entities listed in the business exception list have been pushed to relevant departments; By the end of last year, 3,364,100 "Lao Lai" provided by Gaofa had been legally restricted to 71,100 posts.

　　Open a shop online and operate in different places, but you can also run away from the temple.

　　"Why is the online store closed?" Mr. Fu, the owner of a clothing online shop in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, opened the computer online shop as usual, but received a notice from the management of Tmall: your company ××× has been listed in the list of business anomalies, and you have been disqualified from operating in Tmall.

　　Worried that the online shop he had worked hard for several years was gone, Mr. Fu went to the local market supervision bureau to ask what the "business exception list" was about. After inquiring, the staff told Mr. Fu: "The system shows that your enterprise has been listed in the business exception list because the registered residence or business premises cannot be contacted. At the same time, there are many complaints and reports that do not cooperate with the investigation."

　　Mr. Fu was ashamed. "Actually, the comrades who handled consumer complaints called me several times, saying that my shop was complained a lot and asked me to handle it in the past. I am worried that I will lose money or be fined for handling consumer complaints. I think that my business is operating in a different place. Anyway, if you can’t find me, you won’t go. "

　　Mr. Fu’s idea is not a case. In recent years, online consumer complaints and reports have increased, and most of the reported objects are business households on third-party platforms such as Taobao, Tmall and JD.COM. Due to the strong concealment of network operators, most of them operate in different places. In the process of handling complaints and reports, it often happens that the reported subject cannot be contacted, or the reported subject does not cooperate with the investigation.

　　To this end, Ningbo Municipal Market Supervision Bureau has improved the operating procedures of the list of business anomalies and stipulated detailed evidence collection and approval procedures. In particular, we will carry out substantive verification for the lost enterprises that do not cooperate with the investigation, conduct on-the-spot verification and evidence collection through the registered address, and list the network operating enterprises that cannot be contacted in the business exception list and publicize them in the national enterprise credit information publicity system, so that enterprises that open stores online and operate in different places can not escape the punishment of dishonesty.

　　"Now I know that opening a shop online and operating in different places can also run a monk but not a temple." Mr. Fu said.

　　Record the illegal behavior of enterprises and give full play to the role of social co-governance

　　In the interview, the reporter found that some enterprises are actually operating in good condition, but they are listed in the business exception list because they have not reported on time.

　　An entrepreneur said frankly: the starting point of the business exception list system is very good, but many of our enterprises are often included in the business exception list only for a moment without an annual report, and the subjective fault is not great. Once listed in the list of business anomalies, corporate loans, signing contracts, bidding, and even personal travel, buying a house and a car, and schooling for children of corporate leaders are all restricted, and the scope of punishment is too wide, which has caused some obstacles to the development of enterprises.

　　How to treat the problem of "too wide punishment scope" reflected by some enterprises?

　　"First of all, enterprises should not treat the annual report as a trivial matter. Every enterprise should fulfill its due social responsibilities according to law, be responsible for its own actions, conduct annual reports and submit instant information according to law." Ma Fu, director of the Enterprise Supervision Bureau of the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, believes that the decision of banks and other institutions to restrict loans to enterprises or related responsible persons listed in the business exception list is a decision made by banks independently from the consideration of their loan risks. It shows that the awareness of credit supervision and social co-governance in all aspects of society is gradually strengthened, and the role of credit constraint is gradually playing.

　　At the same time, enterprises should not think that once they forget that the annual report is included in the business exception list, they will not be able to turn over, and they can apply for removal from the exception list after timely reporting. However, if the jar is broken, the list of three-year business anomalies will be included in the list of serious illegal and untrustworthy enterprises (commonly known as "blacklist") if it is not removed.

　　"The national enterprise credit information publicity system records every illegal behavior of the enterprise, which is evaluated by the market, by consumers, by banks and by traders, so as to better play the role of social co-governance. When all kinds of illegal acts enter the system, society will usher in an era of fair competition and good order. " The groom said.

In the "fruit world", grapefruit is a member who integrates face value, aroma and delicacy, and it definitely deserves a name.

However, not everyone can enjoy the delicious and beautiful grapefruit at any time. Maybe, it will sneak attack.

# The man’s muscles dissolved after eating grapefruit for seven days # Once boarded the hot search, and it was grapefruit that caused the man’s muscles to dissolve.

▲ Image source: Sina Weibo

However, this incident is not a "single crime" of grapefruit, but its "accomplice" is a drug called atorvastatin. Medicine is still a good medicine, grapefruit is still a good grapefruit, but after forced pairing, it becomes an invisible "killer" who hurts people.

Innocent, you must want to know:

Behind the scenes:

Furan coumarins

Then, why is this proud and wonderful fruit so angry?

"Behind the scenes" is a kind of component called furan coumarin.

Most drugs are metabolized mainly through the liver, because there is an enzyme in liver cells, which can promote the transformation of many drugs and thus promote the excretion of drugs from the body.

Many drugs will be metabolized by some enzymes in the intestine and liver when they enter the body, which is also called the first-pass effect.

However, this kind of coumarin in grapefruit can just inhibit the activity of drug enzymes in the intestine and liver of human body, thus increasing the absorption of drugs, slowing down or preventing the metabolism of drugs, and increasing the dosage of drugs in disguise.

There is a saying that drinking a glass of grapefruit juice while taking one tablet is sometimes equivalent to taking 20 tablets of this medicine.

In this way, a large number of pharmaceutical ingredients accumulate in the body, causing excessive efficacy, which will aggravate adverse reactions and even cause poisoning.

However, grapefruit, honey pomelo and sweet orange belong to citrus fruits with similar taste. Do other citrus fruits also have such "lethality"?

It depends on the content of furan coumarins in fruits.

Studies have determined that the content of furanocoumarin in the juice of many citrus fruits is the highest in grapefruit, Seville orange and Israeli green grapefruit, while the content in red pomelo, honey pomelo and golden pomelo is lower.

Stay away from grapefruit during medication.

Grapefruit is mainly easy to "attack" the human body in combination with the following drugs:

1, grapefruit+antihypertensive drugs = low blood pressure out of the lower limit.

Such drugs as nifedipine and verapamil. Grapefruit can increase the blood concentration of antihypertensive drugs, which is equivalent to invisibly increasing the dosage, so that the antihypertensive function of antihypertensive drugs is exerted too violently, so that the blood pressure drops again, which can cause dizziness, palpitation, fatigue, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction or stroke in severe cases.

2, grapefruit+lipid-lowering drugs = damage to the liver and muscles.

When taking statins, such as simvastatin, atorvastatin, lovastatin and other lipid-lowering drugs, stay away from grapefruit and grapefruit juice to avoid drug accumulation in the body and increase the risk of adverse reactions such as liver injury, muscle pain and rhabdomyolysis.

This "bad package" may also cause acute renal failure. Rosuvastatin, pravastatin, pitavastatin and fluvastatin were not affected by grapefruit.

3, grapefruit+antiallergic drugs = more prone to dizziness

If grapefruit is ingested during taking Terfenadine, Cismin and other antiallergic drugs, it may cause dizziness, palpitation, arrhythmia and other symptoms.

4, grapefruit+sleeping pills = make the side effects bigger.

Grapefruit can delay the metabolism of diazepam, midazolam and other sedative sleeping pills, and prolong the action time of the drugs, which will aggravate the symptoms of dizziness and drowsiness of the users.

Many patients may have dizziness and other symptoms the next day after taking the medicine, so drivers and people working at high altitude must pay special attention.

5, grapefruit+anti-anxiety/sedative = dizziness and lethargy

Some anti-anxiety drugs, such as diazepam and midazolam, can’t be taken with grapefruit, so as not to prolong the action time of the drugs, which will cause dizziness and drowsiness.

6, grapefruit+anti-rejection drugs = induced tumor

If cyclosporine and other anti-rejection drugs are taken together with grapefruit, it can lead to the increase of blood drug concentration, increase adverse reactions, increase liver and kidney toxicity, and even lead to the risk of tumor.

7, grapefruit+birth control pills = invalid

Although grapefruit can enhance the efficacy or toxicity of many drugs, it can reduce the activity of female contraceptives taken at the same time, which leads to contraceptive failure, because grapefruit can reduce the absorption of contraceptives.

Although the above influence has a great relationship with the consumption of grapefruit and grapefruit juice, everyone has different sensitivity to grapefruit. For the sake of life and health, in short, the safest way is:

No matter what medicine you are taking, cherish your life, stay away from grapefruit, and don’t even drink grapefruit juice!

However, the drama of "love each other and kill each other" between drugs and food is far more full of twists and turns than we thought. The following contraindications for drug use should be collected quickly! It is not too late to know!

▲ Image source: @ People’s Daily

Audit expert

sun jianguo

Doctor, researcher, doctoral supervisor of China Pharmaceutical University, majoring in pharmacokinetics.

He has been a visiting scholar in the School of Pharmacy of the University of Otago in New Zealand and the School of Pharmacy of the University of Washington in the United States, and was trained by the third echelon of the "333 High-level Talents Training Project" in Jiangsu Province. He has won a second prize of national scientific and technological progress and four first prizes of provincial scientific and technological progress.

He is a reviewer of clinical pharmaceutics, Xenobiotica, Pharmaceutical Progress and other magazines. He has presided over and completed four natural science foundations of Jiangsu Province, two national natural science foundations and one national key research and development plan, presided over and participated in several sub-projects of major national scientific research projects. In recent years, he has published more than 20 papers (including 15 SCI papers) by the first author or correspondent, and granted 3 patents.

Cooperate with enterprises to obtain 5 clinical approvals of new drugs, and be responsible for completing pharmacokinetic studies to support enterprises to obtain multiple certificates of new drugs.

-Produced by the editorial department of "I wish you health" of Jiangsu Phoenix Science and Technology Publishing House-

Chief planner: Wang Yao and Dong Ling

Original title: "Never eat this fruit during taking medicine! Not only will it lose its efficacy, but it will be fatal in serious cases! 》

Read the original text

　

The State Council on the settlement of China United Communications Co., Ltd.

Reply on issues related to development

　

National letter [1997〕39number

　

　

State Economic and Trade Commission, State Planning Commission, State Commission for Economic Restructuring, Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, Ministry of Electronics, Ministry of Electric Power, Ministry of Railways, China United Communications Co., Ltd.:

The State Council agreed in principle with the State Economic and Trade Commission, the State Planning Commission and the State Commission for Economic Restructuring "Investigation Report on Solving the Development Problems of China United Communications Co., Ltd.". The reply to the relevant questions is as follows:

I. China United Communications Co., Ltd.(Hereinafter referred to as China Unicom.)It is an economic entity with independent management, independent accounting, self-financing, self-development, self-restraint and legal personality; It is the second national large-scale state-owned telecom enterprise operating basic telecom services and value-added services in China. China Unicom communication network is a public communication network that provides communication services to the public, and it is an organic part of the national public communication network. At present, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications belongs to China General Administration of Posts and Telecommunications.(Hereinafter referred to as China Telecom.)The communication network is the main body of the national public communication network, and China Unicom communication network is an important supplement. Both networks are responsible for interconnection and ensuring the interoperability of various telecommunications services. As the functional department in charge of the communication industry in the State Council, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications should speed up the reform according to the principle of separating government from enterprise, create conditions for fair competition of post and telecommunications enterprises, treat China Unicom and China Telecom equally, strengthen guidance, do a good job in coordination, and give China Unicom more support to some extent. China Unicom communication network should obey the unified dispatch and management of the state, and ensure the integrity, unity, advancement and security of the national public communication network. China Telecom, as the main operator of the national public communication network with strong strength and long operation time, should take the initiative to do a good job of interconnection and intercommunication with China Unicom communication network. China Unicom and China Telecom are both state-owned enterprises engaged in basic telecom services. Under the industry management of the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications, they are responsible for the operation and management of their respective communication networks. Under the conditions of socialist market economy, the two sides have both competition and cooperation, forming a competitive mechanism conducive to promoting the development of China’s telecommunications industry. Both sides should conscientiously implement the state’s industrial policies and obey the state’s macro-management.

Two, China Unicom in addition to continue to operate wireless communication services and value-added services.(Communication with data)Outside, in the operation of domestic long-distance calls, local calls and international long-distance calls and other basic telecommunications services, according to the following principles:

(one)Domestic long-distance telephone service. China Unicom should make full use of the surplus capacity of railway, electric power and other private networks and other social infrastructure, and form a trans-regional public long-distance communication network by itself by means of leasing, co-construction and partial construction, and interconnect with China Telecom communication network to provide long-distance service to the society. When China Unicom uses the surplus capacity of railway, electric power and other special communication networks and other social infrastructure to carry out networking transformation, the relevant units should actively support and cooperate, and provide corresponding resources at preferential prices.

(two)Local telephone service. It is agreed that China Unicom should first select Tianjin, Chongqing and Sichuan to set up a local telephone network and operate local telephone services, and gradually promote it in a planned way on the basis of summing up experience. China Unicom in Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and other cities have been built and will soon be built long-distance telephone and local telephone interface tandem office, to adjust measures to local conditions, as soon as possible to carry out business, play a benefit, and please post and telecommunications departments to give active support. China Unicom launched.110、119、120、122And other public welfare special services, in principle, should be self-built direct special service trunk line, directly provide services to users, but in the initial stage, the post and telecommunications departments should promptly provide trunk lines to China Unicom, so that it can open special services as soon as possible.

(three)International long distance service. Therefore, this business involves national security, and the technology is complicated, so it will not be considered at present. Please ask the State Economic and Trade Commission, together with the State Planning Commission and the State Commission for Economic Restructuring, to conduct a special study on this issue and submit their opinions to the State Council for approval. At present, the problem of international telephone charges sharing and settlement between China Unicom communication network and China Telecom communication network should be studied and solved by the State Planning Commission.

Third, in order to solve the problem of insufficient funds for the construction of China Unicom, in the early stage of development and construction, foreign capital can be utilized in an appropriate way, but the relevant provisions of the state must be observed. For the "Chinese-foreign" financing method currently implemented by China Unicom, the State Planning Commission and relevant departments are requested to study and standardize it as soon as possible. Under the principle that the proportion of foreign capital should not be higher than that of domestic capital, other financing methods can also be explored. At the same time, the national comprehensive economic management department should arrange a certain loan scale and foreign capital utilization scale for China Unicom when making the annual plan, so as to solve the shortage of funds for the development and construction of China Unicom. The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications should strengthen the overall planning of China Telecom and China Unicom’s communication network, and the long-term development plan and annual plan of China Unicom should be submitted to the national comprehensive economic management department for examination and approval, and copied to the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. postThe Ministry of electricity should strengthen guidance, actively support, and incorporate the plan and plan into the overall plan and plan of national communication development, so as to make it develop in harmony with the whole communication industry.

4. Interconnection is the key to the development of China Unicom. Unicom has been built in China.GSMPlace, itsGSMCommunication network and China Telecom communication network are interconnected, and in principle, an interface bureau should be established; In order to make the established communication capacity play its role as soon as possible, temporary transition mode can be adopted according to different situations. To this end, please ask the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications to organize China Unicom and China Telecom to jointly sum up the experience of interconnection in some cities, and implement the work at the grassroots level, and ask China Unicom toGSMCommunication network and China telecom communication network interconnection of other cities to solve. China Unicom to carry out long-distance calls, local calls and other services involved in the interconnection, we should actively explore economic, safe and reasonable interconnection, to ensure the smooth progress of interconnection, specific business, technical issues, please ask the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications to coordinate and solve. The Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications shall, in accordance with the requirements of the State Council, follow the principles of fairness and justice, simplifying procedures, strengthening guidance and improving efficiency, formulate working procedures and methods for business approval and interconnection as soon as possible, and further clarify the conditions and time limits for approval and interconnection. Interconnection fees for long-distance calls and local calls(Including engineering costs.)Allocation and telephone bill settlement, etc., please ask the State Planning Commission to consult the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and other relevant departments and units to formulate specific measures.

Five, the post and telecommunications departments should actively support China Unicom to operate domestic long-distance and local telephone services. On the premise of not making major changes to the current dialing method and making it convenient for users to use, we should solve the network number needed by China Unicom to carry out long-distance telephone service as soon as possible for users to choose independently. For the local telephone service carried out by China Unicom in accordance with the regulations, the post and telecommunications departments should timely allocate the required local telephone number resources. Please ask the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications to coordinate and solve specific issues.

Six, the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications shall, in conjunction with the relevant departments, refer to the international practice, study and formulate the management measures for telecom enterprises to undertake the universal service obligation of communication. In view of the fact that China Unicom has just started its business and its business scale is very small, it is allowed not to undertake the obligation of universal communication service for a period of time, and the tariff level for operating basic telecom services is allowed to fluctuate according to the price standard stipulated by the state for a certain period of time.10%.

Seven, China Unicom in accordance with the requirements of establishing a modern enterprise system, improve the board of directors system, the implementation of the general manager responsibility system under the leadership of the board of directors; It is necessary to mobilize the enthusiasm of shareholders, give full play to the role of the board of directors, and make scientific decisions; Shareholders’ units should share the same shares and rights, and exercise the rights of investors according to law, but they cannot interfere in the daily operation and management activities of the company. It is necessary to further straighten out the relationship between the head office and subsidiaries, branches and subsidiaries, so as to achieve clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities and scientific management, and avoid the financing risks of subsidiaries and branches being passed on to the head office.

It should be particularly emphasized that private networks such as railways and electric power cannot be expanded into public networks, and they cannot be publicly operated; It is necessary to prevent the basic telecom business operation right from spreading and transferring to other departments or shareholder units.

Eight, China Unicom to strengthen internal management, in line with the principle of seeking truth from facts and steady development, formulate feasible development plans and annual plans, at the same time to strengthen the management of funds, improve the efficiency of the use of funds. It is necessary to shift the focus of work to bring into play the benefits of existing and ongoing projects as soon as possible, and new projects should concentrate on developing in areas with urgent needs and good benefits, so as to increase income and form a virtuous circle.

Nine, China Unicom should strengthen the construction of enterprise leadership, improve the policy, business level and technical quality of leadership members, especially pay attention to strengthen the construction of branch leadership. In order to solve the problem of China Unicom’s lack of communication professionals, China Unicom can not only recruit or transfer personnel through normal channels, but also negotiate with the post and telecommunications departments to exchange talents, and absorb some technical business backbones with professional knowledge and experience from the post and telecommunications departments to enrich them to China Unicom headquarters and its branches. Scientific research institutions and universities affiliated to the Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications should also actively support the construction, operation and development of China Unicom in terms of technology, information and talents.

Ten, China Unicom should pay attention to handle the relationship with the local, in terms of business development planning, personnel arrangements, business services, etc., to solicit the opinions of the local people’s government, to obtain their support and cooperation. Local governments at all levels should also help solve the difficulties and problems encountered in the development of China Unicom and promote the further development of China Unicom.

　

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 State Council

　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 May 22, 1997

　

　　Xinhuanet reporter Zhang Wei

　　On the eve of the Spring Festival, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made an investigation in Tianjin and visited the grassroots cadres and masses. This is the third time that General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has visited Tianjin for investigation and research since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has high hopes for Tianjin, the pioneering area of reform and opening up. The original brand column "Workshop" of Xinhua News Agency’s "Learning in Progress" tells you.

　　On the eve of the Spring Festival, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader made an investigation in Tianjin and visited the grassroots cadres and masses. On the morning of February 1st, the General Secretary first came to Liubu Village, Xinkou Town, Xiqing District to learn about the recovery of local agricultural production after last year’s flood disaster and visit the affected people. In the afternoon, the General Secretary came to Tianjin Ancient Culture Street to inspect the supply of holiday market and the protection and utilization of historical and cultural blocks. This is the third time that General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has visited Tianjin for investigation and research since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.

　　Jingu land is the pearl of Bohai Sea. Tianjin, the first batch of coastal open cities in China, is the pioneer area of reform and opening up.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader has been paying attention to and caring about the development of Tianjin.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader visited Tianjin in May 2013 and January 2019. He went to the fields, visited universities, entered the community and visited the docks to guide the reform and development of Tianjin on the spot.

　　Looking at the growth of wheat in the field: speeding up the development of modern urban agriculture

　　"Only when a country is basically self-sufficient in food can it grasp the initiative of food security, and then it can grasp the overall situation of economic and social development."

　　Food security is related to the national economy and people’s livelihood.

　　On May 14th, 2013, the Supreme Leader General Secretary took an intercity train from Beijing to Tianjin. On the train, the General Secretary learned about the national summer grain production from the accompanying agricultural department heads. When he got off the train at Wuqing Station, the general secretary went directly to Tiantou, Nancai Village, to carefully examine the growth of wheat, ask about field management and pre-production, and urge local cadres to strengthen agricultural technology services, do a good job in field management, and strive for a bumper harvest of summer grain.

　　The General Secretary hopes that Tianjin will speed up the development of modern urban agriculture, strive to improve its self-sufficiency in food and make more contributions to ensuring national food security.

　　Encourage contemporary college students to create extraordinary achievements in ordinary posts

　　On May 14th, 2013, when visiting Tianjin, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the Human Resources Development Promotion Center and had a cordial conversation with the recruiters and college students who were on the spot. The General Secretary encourages contemporary college students to aim high and be down-to-earth, change their concept of choosing a job, persist in proceeding from reality, be brave in going to the grass-roots front line and hard places, take the road of life step by step and be good at creating extraordinary achievements in ordinary posts.

　　On January 17, 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Tianjin Nankai University for investigation. The General Secretary visited the exhibition on the theme of the centennial school history, inspected the Institute of Chemistry and the State Key Laboratory of Elemental Organic Chemistry, and had cordial exchanges with some teachers and students.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader sent a message to Nankai teachers and students that patriotism is the national heart and soul of the Chinese nation. Nankai University has a glorious patriotic tradition, which is the soul of Nankai University. Nankai University was established in those days for the Chinese nation to stand up and train talents. We are now in the stage of standing up, getting rich and becoming strong. We should combine the specific goals of study with the grand goals of national rejuvenation and strive for it. Only by integrating the ego into the ego can we have a mind like the sea and a lofty mountain. The general secretary said: "I hope you will be down-to-earth and make historical contributions of your generation at a new starting point, and become the new pride of Nankai University."

　　Praise community volunteers: Volunteer service is an important symbol of social civilization and progress.

　　Community work is connected with thousands of households, and grass-roots governance and people’s livelihood security are related to the vital interests of the people.

　　On January 17, 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader walked into the comprehensive service hall of Chaoyangli Community Party and Mass Service Center in Xinxing Street, Heping District, Tianjin to learn about community grid management, grassroots party building and convenience service. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out that community work is concrete, and it is necessary to persist in taking the people as the center, identify the various needs of residents, and provide accurate and refined services to community residents in a timely manner.

　　Chaoyangli community is the birthplace of the first community volunteer organization in China. From generation to generation, voluntary service is spreading all over the country. The General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to the community volunteers. Everyone was very excited to see the General Secretary and told their own "volunteer stories".

　　The general secretary praised the community volunteers and praised them as pioneers and leaders who contributed to society. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed that the cause of volunteers should go hand in hand with the goal of "two hundred years" and the construction of a socialist modern country. Volunteer service is an important symbol of social civilization and progress and an important channel for volunteers to give their love.

　　Visiting Tianjin Port: We should aim at Wan Li and strive to build a world-class smart port and a green port.

　　The coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei is a national strategy personally planned, deployed and promoted by the Supreme Leader General Secretary.

　　In the coordinated development pattern of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Tianjin’s functional orientation is to build "one base and three areas", namely, the national advanced manufacturing R&D base, the northern international shipping core area, the financial innovation operation demonstration area and the reform and opening-up pioneer area.

　　As the maritime gateway of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Tianjin Port has access to more than 800 ports in more than 200 countries and regions around the world. In the New Year message in 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader specially praised the "prosperity" of Tianjin Port.

　　On January 17, 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Tianjin Port Terminal to shake hands with the workers working on the spot to learn about the operation of the port terminal and the operation of automation equipment. The general secretary walked into the dispatching command center, looked at the whole picture of the port through the big screen, and listened to the introduction of Tianjin Port’s coordinated development of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei with real-time data display.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that the economy needs to develop, the country needs to be strong, and transportation, especially maritime transportation, needs to be strengthened first. We should aim at Wan Li, strive to build a world-class smart port and a green port, and better serve the coordinated development of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei and jointly build the Belt and Road Initiative. The general secretary pointed out that the real economy is the foundation of a big country, and the economy cannot be divorced from reality. We must cling to the real economy, continue to make unremitting efforts, and climb the world summit in a down-to-earth manner.

　　Encourage scientific researchers: building a scientific and technological innovation highland

　　Science and technology are the foundation of national prosperity, and innovation is the soul of national progress. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader attached great importance to scientific and technological innovation, and put forward specific requirements during his inspection tour in Tianjin.

　　On May 14th, 2013, in Tianjin International Biomedical Joint Research Institute, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader emphasized that we should give full play to the advantages of abundant scientific and technological resources and numerous scientific and technological talents, build a scientific and technological innovation highland, constantly improve the original innovation, integrated innovation and the ability to introduce, digest, absorb and innovate again, and promote the deep integration of science and technology and economy.

　　On January 17, 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader came to Tianjin Binhai — — Zhongguancun Collaborative Innovation Exhibition Center carefully watched the "Tianhe" series of supercomputers, Feiteng chips, Kirin operating system, artificial intelligence distribution network live working robot, UAV cluster intelligent control system and other products. The general secretary told the R&D personnel of the enterprises present that high-quality development depends on innovation, and our country’s further development depends on independent innovation. How can Chinese’s innovation enthusiasm be mobilized? The party and the government are studying various policies to create a good atmosphere and create a high-quality environment. We will continue to do this, so that people with innovative dreams can devote themselves to innovation with confidence and passion, and China’s kinetic energy transformation and high-quality development will certainly be realized.