The hidden worry behind the "cigarette card"

Original health news health news

On June 29th, in the yard of a residential area in Baitaling Street, Haigang District, Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, several children took out "cigarette cards", squatted in a circle and slapped them with their hands. With each beat, the winner cheers and the loser sighs.

A "cigarette card" is a rectangular card folded from the top cover of a cigarette packaging box. During the game, the players arrange the "cigarette cards" on the ground in a concentrated way, and take turns to slap them with their hands. Whoever can knock the cigarette cards over with the palm wind will win and win the "cigarette card". Recently, with the popularity of "cigarette card" games in various places, its possible negative impact on the physical and mental health of primary school students has attracted more and more attention.

Phenomenon: Primary school students are addicted to "cigarette cards"

In another community in Haigang District, Qinhuangdao City, the reporter saw that several children playing with "cigarette cards" were slapping the ground hard in turn. Each of them had a plastic bag or a cigarette box with colorful "cigarette cards" around them.

One of the children told the reporter that he is a third-grade student in a nearby primary school. Since March this year, the "cigarette card" has gradually become popular in the class. Now most boys in the class are playing, and some girls are also playing.

As for the source of the "cigarette card", the child said that it is usually asked from parents who smoke, some children will go through the garbage or buy it online, and some will ask strangers for it, and so on.

At the request of the reporter, the child demonstrated the folding process of the "cigarette card". The child is familiar with the road and explains while folding. Although he slowed down the folding speed in order to make the reporter see clearly, in less than ten seconds, a folded "cigarette card" was presented to the reporter.

The child said that the classification of "cigarette cards" is mainly based on the price of cigarettes. The more expensive cigarettes, the higher the grade. "The more expensive cigarettes are, the more powerful the’ cigarette card’ will be. Mine are all ordinary, and there is nothing particularly good." When he said this, the child’s face could not hide the loneliness. He listed two high-grade "cigarette cards", and the reporter found that the retail price of each box of two cigarettes was around 100 yuan.

"Smoke card" is not popular in one place. Mr. Liu, a citizen of qiaoxi district, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, said that in April this year, his daughter, who was in the fourth grade of primary school, asked him for a cigarette case. My daughter told Mr. Liu that they don’t like to play "cigarette cards" in class, and some students will spend money to buy them. The reason why they want cigarette cases from Mr. Liu is to make them into "cigarette cards" and sell them to their classmates.

On the No.123 bus from Zuojiazhuangqiao West Station to Mudanyuan West Station in Beijing, the reporter randomly asked a little boy. He said that he is now in the third grade of primary school, and most boys in the class play with "cigarette cards". In addition to asking for cigarette cases from home, they will also go to the trash can.

How obsessed are primary school students with "cigarette cards"? According to reports, some children are "possessed", and some hide cigarette cases in pencil cases and take them to class to enjoy them secretly; Some classes are still trying to figure out the game technology, thinking about how to win more "smoke cards"; Others took a "smoke card" and photographed a broken finger. In June this year, three children in Anshun City, Guizhou Province walked into the expressway because they liked to play with "cigarette cards". I heard that there were many cigarette cases on the expressway, so I "organized a group" with my friends to pick them up …

And businesses have already smelled business opportunities. On a shopping website, the reporter searched for "cigarette cards" and found that there were as many as 100 pages in the list of goods, one of which was packaged and sold at a price of several yuan to hundreds of yuan according to the brand and quantity, showing that more than 30,000 people had paid. The customer service staff said that this product is a brand-new real card, non-printed, and produced by a regular cigarette factory. Because it is not made into a box, it has no offset printing and smoke smell, and it is clean and hygienic. You can also have those with glue marks. Those are recycled old cigarette cases, and the price will be slightly more expensive.

One of the buyers commented, "Yes, it’s genuine, reflective, not smoky, and children like it very much. The lines are exquisite, and many more copies have been sent."

Inquiry: The root cause is social psychological needs.

With the popularity of the "smoke card" game, its possible negative effects have also attracted the attention of all parties.

Recently, the authentication subject is WeChat official account’s WeChat "Smoke-free Beijing" issued by Beijing Smoking Control Association, pointing out that the popularity of "cigarette cards" will bring many influences to primary school students. Students are not interested in attending classes because they are obsessed with the "cigarette card" game, which may even become a disguised gambling behavior. The "cigarette card" may also spread tobacco information in disguised form, leading primary school students to contact tobacco trademarks prematurely and give them psychological hints to try smoking. Some students look for discarded cigarette cases by the roadside in order to get "cigarette cards", and even rummage through cigarette cases in the trash can. When playing "cigarette cards", they all lie on the ground and touch the ground with their hands, which is very easy to be polluted by bacteria and other microorganisms, thus affecting children’s health.

Previously, the disease control and education departments in many places have issued tips for primary school students to indulge in "cigarette cards", listing all kinds of adverse effects brought by the game of "cigarette cards", which mainly include suggesting smoking behavior, causing comparison psychology, inducing gambling in disguised form, and affecting physical health.

On a short video platform, a video about a man meeting a child asking for a cigarette case while eating at a roadside stall attracted more than 13,000 comments from netizens.

A netizen said that the disadvantages of the "cigarette card" game are gradually emerging. Pupils will compare who has a better "cigarette card" and even want to try to understand cigarettes. Some children can know the price of cigarettes by smelling it. "The game is right, but there will be problems if the game carrier is a cigarette case."

Some netizens also said that there is nothing wrong with taking a "cigarette card" similar to the New Year pictures played by the "post-80 s". "It is better for children to play with a’ cigarette card’ than a mobile phone."

Shi Gaoyan, director and chief physician of the Department of Psychology and Behavior of Children and Adolescents in Jinan Mental Health Center, Shandong Province, analyzed that the primary school students’ addiction to the "cigarette card" game is rooted in their social psychological needs of seeking identity. Primary school students in the critical period of social development are deeply eager to be recognized and accepted by their peers. As a popular game item, "cigarette card" just provides a platform for them to gain a sense of identity and social satisfaction.

"In addition, children are always curious about new things, and the novelty of’ cigarette cards’ fits their desire to explore." Shi Gaoyan said that some children face confusion and pressure in their studies, family or self-identity, and they may choose to indulge in "cigarette cards" to pin their emotions and escape unpleasant emotions.

Shi Gaoyan said that excessive addiction to the "cigarette card" game has a negative impact on children’s physical and mental health. It may lead to children’s distraction, affect learning efficiency, and then have a negative impact on academic performance and learning motivation. Some children may be eager to win, which may lead to conflicts and even excessive consumption, which will bring economic pressure to their families.

The Beijing Association for Controlling Smoking also pointed out that a small "cigarette card" must not be allowed to drift. It is necessary to supervise and manage the "cigarette card" to prevent the erosion and harm of bad atmosphere to children.

Coping: Multi-party efforts to get rid of the "smoke card"

In response to the harm caused by "cigarette cards", relevant departments in various places have already taken action.

Recently, Zhengning County of Gansu Province organized education, public security, tobacco monopoly and market supervision departments to carry out special rectification actions against "cigarette cards" around the campus. Focus on small shops, stationery stores and toy stores around the campus, and investigate in detail whether there are sales of "cigarette cards" in the stores. The relevant departments of Bozhou City, Anhui Province formed a joint law enforcement team to carry out the source control of "cigarette cards" around the campus.

Shi Gaoyan said that parents and schools play a vital role in helping children get rid of the addiction of "cigarette cards". Not only should we care about children’s academic performance, but also their emotional state and mental health.

"In the face of children’s addiction to’ cigarette cards’, parents and schools should establish a good communication mechanism, pay close attention to children’s emotional state and behavior changes, and find and solve problems in time." Shi Gaoyan said that we should create a positive and healthy social environment for children, encourage them to participate in various social activities and cultivate good interpersonal skills. In addition, parents and schools should guide their children to treat the "cigarette card" game rationally through education and demonstration, and replace the "cigarette card" with a "celebrity card" that is beneficial to the body and mind to help them establish correct values and outlook on life. At the same time, it is necessary to clarify the boundaries between good behavior and bad behavior and emphasize the importance of a healthy life.

In various places, the importance of family education is also emphasized in the health tips for primary school students’ addiction to "cigarette cards". The Education Bureau of Tianshui City, Gansu Province pointed out that parents should set an example, fully understand the hidden dangers of the "cigarette card" game, and do not provide "cigarette cards" to their children and smoke in front of them. For children who have already played the "smoke card" game, parents should find ways to help them get rid of addiction. Deal with emotions before dealing with things, and communicate happily and frankly in an environment acceptable to both sides.

Shi Gaoyan suggested that parents and schools guide their children to try diversified hobbies. At the same time, provide a variety of recreational activities to meet children’s interest needs.

"In short, only parents and schools can work together to help children get rid of their troubles, stay away from bad habits and move towards a healthy and happy growth path." Shi Gaoyan said.

Reporter’s notes

Keeping children away from tobacco has a long way to go.

With the popularity of electronic products today, it is not a bad thing to have a game that can make children put down their mobile phones, but the game is stained with the word "smoke".

There is no need to mention the harm of tobacco to children and adolescents. The "cigarette card" can give children psychological hints of trying to smoke, which is also a fact confirmed by authoritative departments.

In the case of meeting children’s social psychological needs, the gameplay with a slight "gambling" attribute makes children’s hands slapping "cigarette cards" unable to stop. But in theory, there are many things to choose from. Why is the cigarette case chosen as the game medium? Why isn’t it a glass ball, an animation card or any other object? This may be related to the relatively easy access to cigarette cases, and it also reflects that tobacco is too close to children.

The number of smokers in China exceeds 300 million. According to the core data of the adult tobacco epidemic survey in Shanghai in 2022, the average smoker smokes 14.4 cigarettes a day, and more than 200 million cigarette cases are consumed every day in China. This means that before it became a sought-after beacon, cigarette cases were just common rubbish for children and were readily available. Cigarette cases are easy to obtain and become the basis for the popularity of "cigarette cards".

In addition, some smokers do not obey the "etiquette" of smoking and smoke in front of minors, which intensifies the immersion of the concept of "tobacco" on minors. Although the tobacco control regulations issued in some places clearly stipulate that smoking is prohibited in outdoor places where minors are the main active people, those who fail to comply are not alone. The data show that there are nearly 200 million children who are forced to suffer from second-hand smoke in China, and more than 60% children are exposed to second-hand smoke and tobacco in the family environment. May I ask parents who smoke, even in their own homes, who can do it without smoking in front of their children?

There are more than 5.8 million cigarette retailers in China, and the cigarette retail counters, neatly arranged commodity cabinets and exquisite cigarette packaging all increase the exposure of tobacco products in front of minors, making them more acceptable to minors.

There is still a long way to go to keep children away from tobacco. Relevant parties should further publicize the dangers of tobacco and create a smoke-free environment. Every family should strive to be a smoke-free family and create a healthy and warm harbor for children.

Original title: "Hidden worries behind the" cigarette card "

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Ministry of Finance: It is agreed that the General Administration of Sports will stop selling 71 instant sports lottery games such as "Golden Flashing 7".

According to the website of the Ministry of Finance on December 22nd, the Ministry of Finance issued approval opinions on stopping the sale of 71 instant sports lottery games such as "Golden Flash 7".

In order to further optimize the structure of sports lottery games and promote the healthy development of the lottery market, it is agreed that the Sports Lottery Management Center of the General Administration of Sports will stop selling 71 instant sports lottery games such as "Golden Flash 7". The Sports Lottery Management Center of the General Administration of Sports shall make an announcement to the public within 2 months from the date of approval, including the name and document number of the approval document of the Ministry of Finance, the date of stopping sales, the deadline for awarding prizes, etc. After 60 natural days from the date of announcement, the sales of the above 71 lottery games will be stopped.

After the sales of the above 71 lottery games are stopped, the bonuses shall be paid in accordance with the regulations during the redemption period. After the end of the redemption period, the Sports Lottery Management Center of the General Administration of Sport should do a good job in lottery fund settlement with the lottery sales organization. Overdue prize money is included in the lottery public welfare fund, the bonus balance is transferred to the general adjustment fund, and the excess prize money is charged according to the regulations. After the end of the redemption period, the Sports Lottery Management Center of the General Administration of Sport and the lottery sales organization shall submit a written report to the financial department at the same level within 60 natural days, including lottery issuance and sales, lottery bonus extraction, redemption and balance transfer.

The Sports Lottery Management Center of the General Administration of Sports shall, in strict accordance with the provisions of the current lottery management system, urge lottery sales agencies to strengthen sales safety management and risk control, and earnestly do a good job in announcement, redemption, settlement and other related work. It is necessary to rationally plan the game structure of instant lottery tickets, and coordinate the work links such as game approval, budgeting, printing logistics, listing and sales, and stopping sales, so as to effectively save costs and improve efficiency and ensure the sustained and healthy development of instant lottery tickets.

From June 20, 2025, the railway department expanded the pilot scope of high-speed rail pet consignment service.

  Shenzhen home appliance subsidy activity time

  The execution period of the activity is from the date when the system goes online to August 31, 2024. The competent department of commerce in the urban area will, according to the budget use of subsidy funds, timely issue an announcement to close the activities.

  Application conditions for household appliance subsidies in Shenzhen

  (A) the requirements of the subsidy object

  1. Individual consumers who purchase qualified consumer electronics and household appliances in sales enterprises (stores) participating in subsidy activities and obtain sales invoices.

  2 is included in the "credit China" list of untrustworthy enforcers can not participate in activities.

  (B) the scope of consumer electronics and household appliances requirements

  1. Scope of consumer electronic products:Cell phone.

  2. Household appliances (17 categories) scope:Air conditioners (including central air conditioners), refrigerators (including freezers), washing machines (including dryers), televisions, water heaters (including wall-hung boilers), range hoods, gas stoves (including integrated stoves), dishwashers, floor sweepers, printers, air purifiers, microwave ovens (including all-in-one machines), induction cookers, rice cookers, electric fans, water purifiers and microcomputers (including)

  3. Requirements for green, intelligent and low-carbon household appliances and electronic products:Products that have been included in the compulsory product certification catalogue shall obtain the compulsory product certification certificate. Products that have been included in the catalogue of energy efficiency (water efficiency) labels shall have an energy efficiency (water efficiency) grade of two or above.

  Shenzhen home appliance subsidy standard

  For individual consumers who purchase qualified consumer electronics and household appliances in sales enterprises (stores) participating in subsidy activities and obtain sales invoices, purchase qualified consumer electronics and household appliances.The maximum subsidy shall be 10% of the sales price. The amount of subsidy for a single commodity shall not exceed that of 500 yuan, and the subsidy for a single consumer shall not exceed 2,000 yuan.The sales price of household appliances shall be subject to the tax-included price in the sales invoice of household appliances.

  1. Scope of consumer electronic products:Cell phone.

  2. Household appliances (17 categories) scope:Air conditioners (including central air conditioners), refrigerators (including freezers), washing machines (including dryers), televisions, water heaters (including wall-hung boilers), range hoods, gas stoves (including integrated stoves), dishwashers, floor sweepers, printers, air purifiers, microwave ovens (including all-in-one machines), induction cookers, rice cookers, electric fans, water purifiers and microcomputers (including)

  3. Requirements for green, intelligent and low-carbon household appliances and electronic products:Products that have been included in the compulsory product certification catalogue shall obtain the compulsory product certification certificate. Products that have been included in the catalogue of energy efficiency (water efficiency) labels shall have an energy efficiency (water efficiency) grade of two or above.

  Shenzhen Household Appliance Subsidy Application Process

  (1)Consumers are eligible for subsidies for consumption.

  1. Consumers go to the sales enterprises (stores) participating in the subsidy activities, log in to the "China Unionpay Quick Pass" APP of China UnionPay to enter the activity page, declare their personal information and present the declaration QR code, and receive the subsidy qualification after the store scans the code for confirmation.

  2. Consumers can directly deduct cash and enjoy subsidies when they show the payment code of China UnionPay "China Unionpay Quick Pass" APP.

  

  

  (2) Instructions on the use of subsidy qualifications

  The subsidy qualification is valid within 24 hours after receiving it, and it will not be returned if it has not been written off after the expiration, and it will be regarded as a voluntary waiver of the subsidy qualification.

  

  Scan the QR code aboveView the list of participating enterprises and offline stores.

Tips: WeChat search WeChat official account [Shenzhen Local Treasure], and reply to [Home Appliances Subsidy] after paying attention to get the amount of subsidies for digital home appliances in Shenzhen, the list of active stores (Huawei/Apple /oppo, etc.), the scope of electronic products and home appliances, the application time of subsidies and how to apply.

Sales volume is the secret of friends: OPPO’s most classic advertising case!

Do you know which domestic mobile phone sold best in 2016?

Many people may have guessed:

OPPO R9

OPPO R9 is the sales volume so far in 2016.Second mostofSingle cell phone modelThe first place is Samsung’s Galaxy S7 edge. OPPO’s 2016 is calledto strike back, a blockbuster. According to the survey data given by Counterpoint, a Hong Kong market research organization, OPPO surpassed Huawei, Apple and Xiaomi for the first time, ranking first with a monthly sales share of 22.9%.

The top six are OPPO, Huawei, vivo, Apple, Xiaomi and Samsung. OPPO’s play is very clear, that is,Under the main push line, variety shows swept..

As a distinctive offline manufacturer, OPPO has been synonymous with "advertising blockbuster textbooks" since the student days.

The advertisements of OPPO mobile phones in the past are very lethal. In those years when the editor was still in school, he went home and turned on the TV in a hurry. After watching it for half an hour, he was always fascinated by OPPO advertisements. Whether the product is good or not is not the most critical, but mainly depends on the face.

A typical example of success is a cooperation between BBK and Song Hye Kyo. Closer to home, since 2008, OPPO has hired stars to shoot commercials for mobile phone products. The earliest mobile phone advertisement of OPPO Real smiling face was shot by Korean actress Ji-yeon Cook.

With the face value of the goddess Ji-yeon Cook and the popularity of Snow China in japanese pop, OPPO’s first advertisement promoted the Slogan "OPPO Real listens to your heart" as an extra success.

In the second year, OPPO directly monopolized the title of Happy Camp, which was a smash hit of Hunan Satellite TV.

 "Welcome to our OPPO Real Happy Camp"

At that time, the name OPPO Real music mobile phone resounded throughout the country. If it weren’t for the blue factory vivo brothers to join, OPPO would probably be the king of "music mobile phones".

Although the early OPPO phones only had Ulike and Real Two series, but the accomplishments in advertising words are more mature than many friends this year.

For example, the following pile of Slogan copywriting:

Keep the most authentic OPPO Real music phone.

Perfect sound quality OPPO Real music mobile phone

Touch the most authentic OPPO Real music mobile phone.

Xiang ziyou OPPO Ulike Style

My music dreams of freedom, Real me find me.

Many of these advertising words can be blurted out.

In addition to advertising words, OPPO also has a strong endorsement lineup:

In addition to the aforementioned Ji-yeon Cook is the first generation spokesperson, and then joined.Qu Wanting, Chen Man, Lan Yu, Molly, Korean Super Junior-M, BOBO and Jin Minzhi..

Thanks to the invasion of Korean Wave in China film and television circles in recent years, OPPO was once mistaken for a Korean brand by young users. If you want to ask which advertisement in China is strong, it must be OPPO.

In 2011, OPPO’s flagship Find series appeared. As a brand-new top flagship brand series, OPPO Find mobile phone not only has amazing hardware rules. Its first advertisement stunned the Chinese people.

OPPO invited the one who later became the Oscar winner.Leonardo DiCaprio (Xiao Lizi)Shooted a commercial blockbuster like a movie trailer. The story focuses on finding a mysterious woman, and the theme runs through the series name Find.

In the apartment, on the street, in the rain, under the umbrella … they meet frequently like ghosts and gods, and they leave again and again by mistake.

Comparable to Hollywood blockbusters of that year.InceptionThe scenes and suspense plot design are eye-catching. Today, many well-paid manufacturers take this highly coherent advertisement as an example.

After the Find series, OPPO embarked on the road of smart phones, and its brand premium became stronger and stronger.

In December 2012, OPPO Find 5 was born. As the flagship of the year, OPPO Find 5 selected Qualcomm’s top APQ8064 quad-core processor, which has strong performance and is usually only used on tablet computers. OPPO Find 5 is also the first 1080P ultra-clear resolution mobile phone in China.

Speaking of the king of sales, OPPO is no worse than Huawei and Xiaomi, which are familiar to everyone. The sales of OPPO Find 5 totaled more than 3 million units, which set a sales miracle of domestic high-end flagship mobile phones in that year. In the later period, OPPO switched to "When Technology Meets Romance" as the propaganda theme of the whole series.

Give up the production style of Hollywood blockbusters and embark on it.Romantic and freshThe old road. This can be said to be another transformation of OPPO. After playing with the high-end Inception style, OPPO chose a more grounded romantic style.

The following year, OPPO launched a brand-new series: OPPO N, which once again made consumers remember the brand, and the brand premium was upgraded again, which made a grain company salivate.

OPPO N1 byPopular male god Chen KunandCharming goddessJiang YiyanEndorsement, Slogan slogan is

OPPO N1 turns to heart.

Just listening to the advertising language, it has the flavor of the popular Taiwanese drama "Corner meets love".

Coupled with the efforts of Chen Kun and Jiang Yiyan, OPPO is almostWhat he doesn’t knowThis commercial film gives a taste of domestic drama. With the TV broadcast pushed to the north and south of the river,OPPO N1 turns to heart.The advertising words were also quickly written down.

Although the sales volume of OPPO N1 was not successful, it also enabled OPPO to complete another branding. If you say that OPPO only knows marketing, it is all wet. OPPO N1 206 free rotation The 13-megapixel camera has obtained the national invention patent.O-ClickR "tinker bell" remote controlIt can be said that it is the prototype of the selfie stick.

As well as the distinctive O-Touch back four-way touch technology, it is the solution chosen by many back fingerprint mobile phones today. The large battery of 3610mAh supports the setting of flash+soft light and double LED fill light, which is not lost to today’s flagship mobile phone.

OPPO N series can be said to be an alternative product line comparable to Find series. Inspired, Glory then launched Glory 7i. Unfortunately, the director of Glory Brand, who was born in science and engineering, failed to come up with such a synonym as "a turn of heart".

In 2014, OPPO’s pace was a bit surprising.Flagship OPPO Find 7, rotating lens OPPO N3, thin OPPO R3, world’s thinnest OPPO R5, OPPO N1 mini. Debuted in the same year.

In addition, in the same year, OPPO also put forward the slogan of "Leading 4G, Taking a Beat to Beauty".

The past is a bit complicated, so we have to stroke it first. The advertisement of OPPO Find 7 released in March 2014 is the most distinctive. OPPO has launched an unprecedented advertising marketing communication method: actually want the audience.payWatch the advertisement of Time and Space Magic.

this isThe first and only time in the world.The case of choosing to pay for watching advertisements on mobile phones has created a new chapter in communication textbooks.

OPPO is not bad for this money, and all the advertising income is donated to children in poor mountainous areas.

Back to the product, OPPO Find 7 may be the most popular product for OPPO fans. Because after that, the Find series came to an abrupt end, and some people still remember it today. It is also the leading 2K display in China and the classic Qualcomm Snapdragon 801 processor.And the world’s fastest charging VOOC flash charging technology, OPPO’s housekeeping skills.

In addition to hardware, OPPO has also played new tricks in ID industrial design. Very distinctive at the bottomSkyline breathing lightScreen aesthetics 2.0 Design. Although it looks a bit like a "marquee", the aesthetics of information screen is much stronger than that of any ID without borders.

VOOC flash charging is needless to say, it’s all good to use it. This is the highest accomplishment of OPPO Find series so far.

OPPO R3, which debuted in the same year, is a test model of OPPO R series. R3 focuses on thinness and makes its debut as the thinnest Android phone in the world. In advertising, OPPO R3 chose "thin and unique" as the propaganda word.

In this generation, we can see that OPPO’s advertisements are mainly short sentences and phrases, which are far more grandiose than those in the stratosphere."black technology"Remember more. In the same year, OPPO R5, an iterative version of OPPO R3, appeared.

OPPO R5′ s black technology and propaganda film are much more thoughtful than R3.

OPPO R5 was the thinnest in that year. 4.85mm The fuselage smartphone was defeated by the vivo brothers in less than a month. But the real "black technology" of OPPO R5 lies in:

The single-sided cloth ice nest cooling system is selected to suppress the Qualcomm Xiaolong processor, which is good at heating.

 

Equipped with Germanywesley sneijderOptical authentication camera, Huawei and Leica are all followers. In terms of publicity, OPPO promoted the thin and light body."Crazy by nature"This slogan. In the commercial, OPPO R5 becomes Nokia. Pouring fruit and walnuts, focusing on the thin but strong characteristics.

Starting with OPPO R5,Yang Mi, the goddess of popularityandYifeng Li, the new male godOccasionally, it will appear in the publicity of OPPO and become a major force in OPPO advertising today. In the same year, the last flagship of OPPO N series, OPPO N3, appeared. With the selling point of rotating lens, OPPO launched a four-word slogan."Born to turn".

Similar to OPPO N1, this camera of OPPO N3 is amazing again. It is said that there is no "black technology" in domestic mobile phones, and OPPO N3 continues to rotate the lens gene while introducing the ability of electric rotation. In addition, this 16 megapixel camera is alsoSchneider certificationThe lens. This made OPPO N3 one of the best mobile phones at that time.

In addition, the star ring breathing light at the bottom, hollowed-out design and other elements also make OPPO N3 a classic, and ID industrial design can be called a domestic model. In 2016, we can still occasionally see users of OPPO N3. Yang Mi, as one of the spokespersons, often takes this product to attend major activities, and her professionalism has improved the exposure of mobile phones.


Poster for the movie "I am a Witness"

In 2014, OPPO, which has many special mobile phone products, was finally crowned the overlord of the offline market.

In 2015, OPPO launched the OPPO R7/R7 Plus series mobile phones with "heartthrob" as Slogan. JoinedLu Han; AiresAs new spokesmen, of course, Yang Mi and Yifeng Li often appear in promotional films.

Lu Han specially filmed a promo for OPPO R7, which is called "Promise", and it is also a romantic propaganda masterpiece. OPPO R7, with the slogan of "One Flashes People’s Hearts", with the blessing of three popular stars, its sales volume has soared, and it is worthy of the title of "heartthrob", which has made many friends and businessmen who have been forced to crush their feet.

Since this year, OPPO has started cooperation with Spanish giants Barcelona.

And launched a customized version of the OPPO mobile phone in Barcelona, which made Huawei’s face slap.

Champion color matching of red and blue flags. Let this customized model once again become a "heartthrob" mobile phone sought after by fans.

In 2016, OPPO was more generous and took it out at one time. TFBOYS, Yang Mi, Yifeng Li, Yang YangWaiting for a lot of spokespersons.

With the product R9, OPPO has become a new global TOP5 brand in one fell swoop. The growth path of OPPO is different from the upstart nature of some brands, and OPPO has never lost. The "heartthrob" of OPPO R7 generation is basically the "heartthrob" level in R9.

Looking at OPPO step by step, the editor’s deepest memory is of course this sentence:

Charge for five minutes and talk for two hours.

 

If you are a careful person, you will find that. All the quick charges made by friends so far must be a hanging marketing with OPPO.

what …

"Charge for five minutes and talk for 2.5 hours"

"Charge for five minutes and talk for three hours"

"Charge for five minutes and play for six hours"

howeverOne is a genius, the other is a fool.. Your friends are endorsing OPPO!

The success of mobile phone brands is not just the mobile phone products themselves.Products and promotion are both indispensable.Whether offline or online, it is a way of communication. If you are still saying that "the wool is on the sheep, and the endorsement fee accounts for the cost of the mobile phone". The editor thinks that you are quite naive.

Making a mobile phone is not charity, it is the nature of a businessman to seek profit.

When OPPO R9 sells well, it is possible to see the black technology of "charging for 5 minutes and talking all day". OPPO can monopolize one textbook of communication. In this paper, I would like to introspect the children’s shoes that are mutual entertainment media and brand communication. | The latest and most comprehensive mobile phone technology digital information, all in Android China! Pay attention to WeChat WeChat official account: Android Forum (anzhuo-cn), Good Machine Friend (jiyou3g) | Visit Android China official website for more exciting information (http://www.anzhuo.cn).

National Research Center-Pressing the "Acceleration Key" is urgently needed to stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents.

Talent is the first resource, and it is also a strategic resource to win the initiative of international competition. At present, the development of scientific and technological talents in China has made remarkable achievements, but many aspects of the vitality of scientific and technological talents still do not meet the requirements of high-quality development, and it is urgent to speed up reform.

First, the achievements and shortcomings of scientific and technological talents’ innovation vitality

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has attached great importance to the work of scientific and technological talents, and successively issued Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the System and Mechanism of Talent Development, Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of the Evaluation Mechanism of Talents by Classification, Pilot Implementation Plan on Giving Scientific and Technological Researchers the Ownership or Long-term Use Right of Scientific and Technological Achievements, Notice on Implementing the Relevant Documents Giving Scientific and Technological Institutions and Personnel Greater Autonomy, Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions to Innovate and Entrepreneurship, which have played an important role in stimulating the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents. The innovation ability of scientific and technological talents in China has been continuously improved, but the innovation potential still needs to be further explored. Mainly as follows:

(A) the ability of talent innovation has been continuously enhanced, but there is still much room for improvement in the vitality of talent innovation.

China Science and Technology Talents Development Report 2020 shows that the total number of scientific and technological talents in China has increased rapidly. In 2019, the total number of R&D personnel in the country was 7.13 million, 1.3 times that of 2015. However, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries in terms of scientific and technological talent reserve. In 2021, the number of researchers per million people in China was 539, which was lower than that in developed countries such as the United States (3,496), Japan (5,078), Germany (3,168) and France (1916), and the gap with the average level of high-income countries (3,036) was also very obvious (Figure 1).

In 2021, the ranking of China Global Innovation Index has risen from 34th in 2012 to 12th. In recent ten years, the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China has also been continuously improved. However, the national R&D researchers account for only 43.9% of the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel, which is lower than that of major economies in the world (50%). Among them, the proportion of full-time equivalent of R&D basic researchers has a downward trend (Figure 2). There is still a big gap between China and the major countries in the world in the investment intensity of R&D personnel and the proportion of basic researchers in R&D personnel. In recent years, the growth rate of R&D personnel in enterprises has slowed down, which needs more attention.

Figure 1 Comparison of scientific and technological talents between China and developed countries in 2021 (person)

Data source: According to the data of International Statistical Yearbook 2021 of the National Bureau of Statistics.

Figure 2 Changes of full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China from 2011 to 2020 (person-year,%)

Source: Wind database.

(B) The input-output efficiency of scientific research has improved significantly, but the value of human capital of scientific researchers has not been properly reflected.

In recent years, the citation rate of China’s scientific research papers has increased significantly, and it has formed an influence in certain fields. According to the Statistical Report of Scientific Papers in China in 2021, the number of papers in top international journals in China ranks second in the world, rising by two places, and the number of highly cited papers and hot papers continues to rank second in the world, among which international co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China. However, China lacks originality and basic innovation, its core technology and bottom technology are still controlled by others, and its innovation ability still cannot meet the requirements of high-quality development, and there is still a gap with the world-class powers. At present, the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements in China is only about 10%, and the industrialization rate is less than 5%. Take the proportion of internal expenditure of R&D funds and technology market transactions in GDP as an example, the proportion of basic research is low, and the growth rate is lower than that of internal expenditure of R&D funds. At the same time, the proportion of technology market transactions in GDP is less than 3% (Figure 3). The market-oriented conversion rate of scientific research results is not high, which affects the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers.

Figure 3 Changes of R&D investment in China from 2011 to 2020 (RMB 10,000,%)

Source: According to the Wind database.

From the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers, in recent years, the salary of scientific and technological talents in China has increased steadily, but compared with other types of personnel at the same level, the salary level of scientific and technological personnel is still not competitive, and the salary level of scientific and technological personnel does not match its contribution. According to the salary survey data of enterprises in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the median salary of engineering technicians, agricultural technicians and health professionals in China in 2021 was 71,000 yuan/year, 49,400 yuan/year and 57,100 yuan/year respectively, which was lower than the salary level of management, finance and IT (Table 1). From the comparison of job types in enterprises, taking the median salary as an example, the salary level of professional and technical personnel in the same rank is lower than that of management personnel (Table 2). In terms of industries, the wages of professional and technical personnel are generally above the average level of regulated enterprises, but in most industries, such as mining and manufacturing, the wages of professional and technical personnel are lower than those of managers of the same rank.

Table 1 Comparison of salaries of professional and technical personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

Table 2 Comparison of salaries of technical and management personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

(3) The level of scientific research opening has been greatly improved, but the phenomenon of brain drain is still outstanding.

In recent years, the level of scientific and technological talents’ foreign academic exchanges and scientific research cooperation in China has been continuously enhanced. According to Statistics of Scientific Papers in China in 2021 published by China Science and Technology Information Research, from 2011 to 2021, the proportion of papers produced by 10 disciplines in China exceeded 20% in the world. Among the international papers published in China in 2020, there were 144,500 international co-authored papers, up by 11.1% year-on-year. International co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China, and international co-authored papers with China as the first author account for 69.3% of all international co-authored papers in China, with partners involving 169 countries (regions).

However, for a long time, the loss of scientific and technological talents abroad, and the loss of scientific and technological talents from state-owned departments to the private sector is still relatively common. According to the data of the Ministry of Education, in 2022, nearly 700,000 China students chose to stay abroad, and the proportion of Tsinghua University and Peking University studying abroad reached 14.2% and 18.9%, while the proportion of Qingbei students returning to China was only 20%. According to a survey conducted by the Paulson Foundation in the United States in 2020, about 60% of AI scientists in the world work in American universities, companies or private research institutions, and two-thirds of them come to the United States for further study after graduating from other countries. The main source of students is China, accounting for 27%, and 32,000 Chinese scientists have voluntarily become American citizens. There are many high-end talents among them.

In addition, the state-owned sector is also facing the challenge of the flow of scientific and technological talents to private enterprises. According to the research and development center of China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology on Aerospace Science and Technology Group, from 2012 to 2016, the total number of people leaving the main institutions of the group showed an upward trend, with the annual turnover rate exceeding 10%, and the loss was concentrated in the young and middle-aged backbone groups under 35.

Second, development concepts, institutional mechanisms and talent policies affect the release of talent vitality.

With the rapid changes of economic, social and technological progress, the traditional management mode of scientific and technological talents has not adapted to the development requirements of the new era, and the scientific research management system and mechanism restrict the development of scientific and technological talents’ innovation and creativity. At present, we need to stimulate the vitality of scientific and technological talents more than at any time in history, and it is urgent to press the "acceleration button" for talent reform.

(A) The concept of talent development, some regions and departments have failed to pay attention to the all-round development of people and the diversified demands of talents.

Some cadres have not fully applied the development law of scientific and technological talents, some ways of thinking are still in the era of planned economy, and some important decisions often "see things but not people", which is not enough to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific and technological talents. In some jobs, there are many elements about the importance of talents, but there are not many practical and effective measures to stimulate the vitality of talents. Some state-owned units are still stuck in the traditional personnel management mode, and the talent management mode is extensive and backward, emphasizing material incentives and neglecting the shaping of talent environment. There are still many institutional and institutional obstacles in personnel training, introduction, use, motivation and mobility, and the system of introducing foreign talents and high-end skilled immigrants is still not perfect.

The concept of all-round development of scientific and technological talents has not yet been formed, the training of top-notch innovative talents is lagging behind, the education system has put too much emphasis on result orientation, and the atmosphere of attaching importance to exam-oriented education and knowledge infusion, ignoring interest cultivation and innovation discovery is still very strong. Some highly educated international students have global vision and cutting-edge knowledge, and have been integrated into the forefront of global scientific and technological development. However, the attraction of these talents returning to China for development is insufficient, and the brain drain problem is still outstanding. There is still a big gap between China and the global talent center.

The "administrative color" of scientific research personnel management is still very prominent, which emphasizes management over service. There are many reports, many approvals and long time-consuming in the declaration and evaluation of scientific research projects, and scientific research personnel have to spend a lot of time and energy in administrative affairs. There are too many detailed items in the budget of scientific research funds, and many requirements are not suitable for the uncertainty and periodicity of scientific research activities. There are many restrictions on the payment of wages and labor expenses for scientific research funds, and the knowledge labor of scientific research personnel cannot be properly reflected. Excessive frequent assessment restricts the initiative of scientific and technological talents to concentrate on research. According to a survey conducted by the Policy Research Group of the Talent Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the three measures that scientific and technological talents most want to speed up implementation are loosening burdens, supporting talents to carry out basic research for a long time and giving them greater autonomy, with the selection ratios of 40.2%, 35.9% and 32.8% respectively.

(B) Talent incentive mechanism, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of talent resources is not fully played.

The system and mechanism to promote the entrepreneurship of scientific and technological talent officers need to be further optimized, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of human resources has not been fully exerted, and the human capital value of scientific and technological talents has not been properly reflected. In recent years, the internationalization, marketization and competitiveness of scientific and technological personnel in China’s state-owned departments have been continuously improved. However, in some state-owned enterprises, the problems of "lying flat", "Buddhism" and overstaffed personnel are still outstanding. Due to strict identity management, low salary and narrow promotion space, some state-owned departments have lost their own scientific and technological talents, and the ranks of scientific and technological talents are unstable.

Due to the unreasonable performance appraisal and salary distribution system, some units can not reflect more work and more pay, and distribution according to work, which leads to many scientific and technological talents in state-owned enterprises doing more and doing less, and doing the same with not doing it. There are also some enterprises that lack an incentive job development system, which makes it difficult for scientific and technological talents to be promoted and moved. Some talents can’t see their career development prospects and their entrepreneurial enthusiasm can’t be mobilized. In some public-owned units, the talent incentive means is single, so it is difficult to mobilize the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of talent officers, and the reform of salary distribution such as equity incentive is slow. Especially under the background of digital economy, human capital elements play a prominent role in various enterprises, but the human capital value of core technicians and outstanding operators has not been properly reflected after the reform. The traditional salary system, which mainly focuses on wages and bonuses, can no longer meet the needs of enterprise development. The reform of state-owned enterprises in market-oriented selection, contractual management, differentiated salary and market-oriented exit is not in place, and they cannot retain core talents, so they are at a relative disadvantage in talent competition.

(C) In terms of talent policy, there are problems such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation and untimely evaluation.

In recent years, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific research talents, many talent policies have been issued from the central government to the local government, such as Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging the Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions and Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Distribution Policy Oriented to Increasing Knowledge Value. However, there are still some problems in the process of policy implementation, such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation, lack of supporting facilities and untimely evaluation, which cause "good policies" to fail to achieve "good results". Take actively encouraging scientific researchers to take part-time jobs, take part in projects and start businesses as an example. Due to the lack of supporting implementation rules, some scientific research units are difficult to grasp who can take part-time jobs, how to manage part-time workers and how to confirm knowledge achievements, and there are practical difficulties such as "thinking out" and "going out can’t come back". The lack of evaluation of the talent policy that has been implemented for a period of time is not conducive to policy iteration, and it is not conducive to timely adjustment, which affects the effect of policy implementation. 

Third, countermeasures and suggestions

Talent vitality is "released", not "managed". It is suggested to further change the concept of talents, speed up the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of talents, optimize the talent policy, create a better talent ecology, and create conditions for further releasing the vitality of talents.

The first is to change the concept of talent development and promote the development of talent career with comprehensive evaluation of talents.In terms of talent concept, it is necessary to further improve the evaluation system of scientific and technological talents with classification, scientific diversity and openness. According to the job characteristics, set evaluation indicators, and recognize the performance of job responsibilities, participation in scientific research work, high-level papers published, and the effectiveness of achievements transformation as contributions, so as to avoid using only signed achievements as the basis for assessment and evaluation.

The second is to speed up the reform of the system of scientific and technological talents and stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents with the guidance of increasing knowledge value.On the basis of ensuring the normal growth of the basic salary level, we will gradually increase the basic salary that reflects the innovative talents to perform their duties and responsibilities, and increase the autonomy of performance pay. We will increase the sharing ratio of scientific and technological achievements of researchers, and increase the fruitful income of researchers through multiple channels. Give researchers the long-term right to use their scientific and technological achievements for not less than 10 years, and clarify the specific operation methods for researchers to take part-time jobs.

The third is to speed up the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" for scientific and technological talents and further create "relaxation" for scientific research.Give scientists more power to decide the technical route, control more funds and dispatch more resources, and accelerate the formation of strategic fulcrum and yan zhen pattern. Promote scientific research units to reduce the frequency of assessment, implement medium-and long-term assessment such as employment period assessment and project cycle assessment, and simplify and dilute the usual assessment. Open major national scientific research infrastructure and large-scale scientific research instruments to the society, and improve the use efficiency of scientific research equipment and the synergistic effect of innovation.

The fourth is to optimize all kinds of talent policies and actively shape the ecological environment of scientific and technological talents suitable for people to give full play to their talents.Vigorously carry forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" with innovation as the core in the whole society, and vigorously cultivate an environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure. Consultation channels should be established for management issues and financial systems with strong policies, and good practices, experiences and cases of local and unit scientific and technological talents development should be well publicized. 

(The author Qian Cheng is an associate researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center; Feng Wenmeng is a researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center)

More than 2.1 million people have been diagnosed globally, and protests against "home orders" have appeared in many places in the United States.

According to the latest real-time statistics of WHO, at present, there are 1,995,983 cases diagnosed in COVID-19 and 131,037 deaths worldwide, 1,013,093 cases diagnosed in Europe and more than 1.91 million cases outside China.

More than 650,000 cases were diagnosed in the United States, and the cumulative death toll exceeded 30,000 cases.

According to the global COVID-19 data real-time statistical system released by Johns Hopkins University, as of 6 pm EST on April 16th, the United States reported 658,263 confirmed cases and 32,186 deaths in COVID-19, and 3,262,921 cases were detected. In the past 24 hours, there were 23,288 newly diagnosed cases and 4,246 new deaths in the United States. The data shows that the number of deaths in the United States reached a new high on the 16th.

Protests against "home orders" have appeared in many places in the United States, and cooperation and coordination among seven central and western States have reopened.

Recently, protests against home orders have appeared in many places in the United States, which has put pressure on state governments. On the 15th in Michigan, thousands of demonstrators protested around the state capitol, saying that epidemic prevention measures were causing small businesses to die. Protests also took place in Kentucky and North Carolina.

△ The picture shows the activities of protesting home orders in Michigan, USA.

In Michigan alone, more than 1 million people (about a quarter of the state’s workforce) applied for unemployment benefits.

The new york Times commented that the scale of protests like Michigan shows that people’s patience is limited. As anxiety, uncertainty and unemployment increase, the next few weeks will be a test for state governors and local leaders.

Apple and Google jointly promoted the US version of "Health Code" to track infected people with Bluetooth, and Cook promised not to invade privacy.

On April 15th, Fox News reported that Apple and Google intend to jointly develop new technology to help officials track COVID-19 infected people. This technology is directly embedded in IOS and Android systems and tracked via Bluetooth. If users have contact with infected people, they will be reminded even if they are not connected to the internet. In the tweet, Cook promised not to invade people’s privacy, and said that he would share the data in Google Maps to help the government understand how people travel in the community.

The cumulative number of confirmed cases in France reached 100,000.

On the evening of April 16th, local time, as of that day, 108,847 cases of COVID-19 were confirmed in France, an increase of 2,641 cases compared with the previous day. A total of 17,920 deaths were reported, an increase of 753 cases over the previous day.

French medical staff who treat COVID-19 patients can receive a subsidy of up to 1,500 euros.

According to the British "Guardian" news on April 15th, French Prime Minister édouard Philippe announced an "emergency economic plan". According to the plan, French doctors, nurses and other staff participating in COVID-19 patient rescue activities will receive tax-free bonus subsidies ranging from 500 euros to 1,500 euros. Bonuses will be distributed according to the risk coefficient, and medical staff who are on the front line of anti-epidemic and have a high risk of infection will receive relatively high subsidies.

At the same time, the overtime pay of medical staff participating in the anti-epidemic work will be increased by 50%, and with the above subsidies, qualified medical staff can get more than 2,000 euros in additional income. The Guardian reported that bonuses and overtime pay for medical staff are expected to cost 1.3 billion euros, which is part of the French government’s 110 billion euro "economic revitalization" budget.

More than 600 people on the French "De Gaulle" were diagnosed and 20 sailors were hospitalized.

According to foreign media reports, a spokesman for the French navy said on the 16th that about 20 sailors were still hospitalized after the outbreak of the COVID-19 epidemic on the French aircraft carrier "De Gaulle". The French military has ordered an investigation into how the "De Gaulle" broke out.

The French Ministry of Defence said on the 15th that a total of 1,767 naval soldiers were tested, almost all from the "Charles de Gaulle", and at least 668 people showed positive reaction. The "De Gaulle" set sail for the eastern Mediterranean on January 21st to support French military operations against extremists in Iraq and Syria, and then went to the Atlantic Ocean and the Baltic Sea. Later, the "De Gaulle" participated in the exercise of the Nordic Navy in the Baltic Sea, but returned to Toulon two weeks early after the sailors developed COVID-19 symptoms.

Britain became the sixth country in the world with more than 100,000 confirmed cases.

On the 16th local time, the latest news released by the British Ministry of Health showed that there were 4,618 new confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the UK in a single day, with a total of 103,093 confirmed cases, making it the sixth country in the world with more than 100,000 confirmed cases. There were 861 new deaths, and the cumulative number of deaths rose to 13,729.

The British Parliament will resume on April 21st, and it will be conducted remotely by video for the first time in history.

The British House of Commons announced on the 16th that the British Parliament will resume on April 21st. Affected by the COVID-19 epidemic, Members of Parliament will hold the meeting by video conference, which is the first time in the history of the British Parliament for more than 700 years that it will be held remotely.

The British government issued badges to nursing home workers, but it was bombarded: what was lacking was protective equipment.

On April 15th, the British Minister of Health said at the epidemic briefing that special badges would be issued to nursing home workers, so that they could be recognized and receive the same welfare treatment as NHS medical staff. However, this move has caused widespread criticism. Many people question that nurses do not need badges, but need personal protective equipment and virus detection reagents. At present, there are more than 2,000 nursing homes in the UK with COVID-19 epidemic, but the number of deaths in nursing homes is not included in the number of deaths in COVID-19. The British government promised to strengthen virus testing in nursing homes to prevent the spread of the epidemic.

Britain announced an extension of the blockade for at least three weeks.

On the 16th, local time, Dominique Rab, the acting foreign secretary in charge of the British government, announced that the British blockade would be extended for at least three weeks to curb the spread of COVID-19.

Rab said that the premature relaxation of the blockade measures will damage the economy and the health care system, and the government will only make adjustments under conditions that it considers safe, but it is impossible to predict the time. The British government will conduct an assessment on May 7 to decide whether to extend or adjust the blockade ban.

There were 3,448 new confirmed cases of COVID-19, with a total of 27,938 confirmed cases.

According to the Moscow Epidemic Prevention Command on the 16th, in the past 24 hours, there were 3,448 newly confirmed cases in COVID-19, with a total of 27,938 confirmed cases. Russian infectious disease experts believe that the number of newly confirmed cases will continue to hit a new high in a single day. At present, the epidemic in Russia has not reached its peak, and it is expected that the peak will come from June to July.

President Putin said that preparations for the May 9th military parade will be postponed.

On the 16th local time, Russian President Vladimir Putin said that due to the COVID-19 epidemic, preparations for the May 9th military parade would be postponed. He also stressed that the Red Square parade and the "Immortal Legion" parade will still be held this year.

Confirmed cases of COVID-19 have been found in all Russian federal entities.

On the afternoon of 16th local time, the Altai Republic of Russian Federation announced the first confirmed case of COVID-19. So far, all 85 federal entities in Russia have been infected.

Russian Deputy Prime Minister Gorikova said that at present, the vast majority of cases are concentrated in the capital Moscow and Moscow State, and the peak of COVID-19 epidemic in Russia still needs to wait for several weeks. According to Russian infectious disease expert Nikolai Malshev’s prediction, the turning point of COVID-19 epidemic in Russia will come from June to early July.

IndiaThere were 826 newly confirmed cases, with a total of 12,759 confirmed cases.

According to the latest data of COVID-19 epidemic released by Indian Ministry of Health on 16th, as of 17: 00 that day, there were 826 new confirmed cases in India, with a total of 12,759 confirmed cases, 1,515 cured cases and 420 deaths.

The number of confirmed cases in COVID-19, the largest slum in India, rose to 86, with 9 deaths.

According to Indian media reports, as of the afternoon of 16th local time, the number of confirmed cases of COVID-19 in Talawi slum, India’s largest slum, rose to 86, including 9 deaths. Compared with the previous day, 26 new cases were confirmed.

Since the first confirmed case of COVID-19 appeared in the slums of Talawi on April 1st, the number of confirmed cases has been rising. The local media are worried that Talawi may become the biggest "time bomb" in the Indian epidemic due to its dense population, tight space and worrying health conditions.

India’s comprehensive blockade is extended, and the textile industry may lay off 10 million people.

According to Indian media reports, the Indian Garment Manufacturers Association (CMAI) said that more than 80% of the Indian garment industry is small and micro enterprises, and most enterprises simply cannot survive the epidemic for three to six months. According to CMAI, there are about 3,700 registered enterprises and more than 700,000 employees. If the Indian government does not take assistance measures in wage subsidies or return to work plans, the number of jobs in the entire textile industry in India will be greatly reduced, and the total number of layoffs may be as high as 10 million. As the textile industry is an important economic pillar of India, once it falls, it will lead to serious consequences.

650,000 sets of rapid detection kits ordered by India from China arrived.

The Indian government announced on the 16th local time that it had received 650,000 sets of rapid detection kits ordered from China. Dr Raman, head of epidemiology and infectious diseases of Indian Medical Research Council, said that these kits are mainly used to monitor the changing trend of infection in hot spots in COVID-19, India. The purpose is monitoring, not diagnosis.

This shipment is part of an Indian order for 15 million sets of personal protective equipment (PPE) and 1.5 million sets of rapid detection kits from China.

It is estimated that in the next two weeks, six more batches of medical supplies will arrive from China.

There are 570 new cases of COVID-19’s disease in Japan, and 9292 cases have been diagnosed.

According to a report by the Japan Broadcasting Association TV station at 22: 49 local time on April 16th, there were 570 new cases of COVID-19 in Japan that day, with a total of 9,292 confirmed cases and 186 deaths.

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe: Japan is in a state of emergency.

On April 16th, Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe declared a state of emergency in all parts of the country.State, the end time is May 6th. On April 7, Abe declared a state of emergency in seven regions including Tokyo based on the Special Measures Law. As the epidemic spread in Japan, Abe extended the scope of application of the declaration of state of emergency to all parts of Japan.

Several employees were infected and the headquarters of Asahi TV Station in Japan was blocked.

On April 16th, Japanese media reported that the headquarters building of Asahi TV Station will be blocked for three days from 17th to 19th for comprehensive disinfection and cleaning. Except for some employees who participate in the live broadcast of the program, others are not allowed to enter in principle. On April 15th, COVID-19 was diagnosed by two employees of the news program "Reporting Station", one was the chief producer of the program and the other was the production employee of the program. Previously, a host of the station was also diagnosed with infection.

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus: The number of deaths has increased tragically.

The lifting of restrictions must be carried out carefully.

On 16th local time, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, Director-General of WHO, said at the briefing of the delegation that WHO had received nearly 2 million cases of COVID-19, and the death toll increased by more than 40,000 cases compared with last week’s briefing. This is a frightening and tragic increase, but some countries in the "epicenter" of the epidemic have also shown encouraging signs.

Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus stressed that some countries are considering lifting restrictions, but they must proceed with great care. If it is released too quickly, it will face the risk of recurrence of the epidemic, which may lead to more serious situations.

Image Network is integrated from Johns Hopkins University data, CCTV news, People’s Daily, Beijing News, overseas network, Yonhap News Agency, Associated Press, Kyodo News, Sputnik news agency & radio, BBC, etc.

Tesla’s new American car was exposed to "major problems" and many functions could not be used.

Legend: Tesla HW4 Autopilot Computer

Phoenix Network Technology News Beijing time on December 17, according to the car news website Electrek, in the United States,Many brand-new Tesla cars have auto-driving computer failures, which have caused serious problems.Insiders of Tesla said that this failure caused Tesla’s after-sales service to be overwhelmed.

In the past few weeks, Electrek has received reports from many new Tesla owners.Said their new car had a computer problem.The fault is related to Tesla’s new version of HW4 (sometimes called AI4) auto-driving computers, which are short-circuited. Inside Tesla, some people also call the new version AI4.1. Although the cause is still under investigation, a person familiar with the matter told Electrek that one of the possible reasons is that the low-voltage battery caused a short circuit in the camera calibration process.

Tesla owners reported that they had a computer failure after driving a brand-new car for only tens to hundreds of miles.Many functions that depend on this computer can’t work normally, including active safety function, camera and even GPS, navigation and cruising range estimation.

Insiders of Tesla revealed to Electrek that the problem has a wide impact, involving cars equipped with new computers produced by Tesla in the past few months. Two people familiar with the matter said that Tesla has received a large number of complaints about this issue, but has not yet released the relevant failure service announcement.

According to a person familiar with the matter, Tesla instructed the after-sales service department to downplay the safety concerns related to this issue in order to prevent consumers from thinking that their brand-new vehicles could not be driven. Tesla’s after-sales service has been overwhelmed by this problem, and the maintenance service appointment has been scheduled for next year. The problem appeared at the end of this year, just as Tesla was trying to deliver a record number of cars. The company is trying to avoid the first decline in annual delivery in a decade.

It is unclear whether Tesla has reported this problem to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. According to the regulations, the damage of the rearview camera violates the US federal safety regulations and should be forcibly recalled.At the moment, Tesla’s main solution is to replace the computer, but the company is also considering pushing software patches to temporarily alleviate the problem.(Author/Xiao Yu)

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Notice of Beijing Food and Drug Administration on Printing and Distributing the Measures for the Examination and Approval of Rapid Medical Device Review in Beijing

All relevant units:

  The Measures for the Rapid Review and Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing have been deliberated and adopted at the 5th Director’s Office Meeting of Beijing Food and Drug Administration in 2018, and are hereby issued, please follow them.

Beijing Food and Drug Administration

February 9, 2018

Measures of Beijing Municipality for the Examination and Approval of Rapid Review of Medical Devices

  the first According to the requirements of the Notice of the General Office of the State Council City, the General Office of the Central Committee of the CPC on Printing and Distributing Opinions on Deepening the Reform of Review and Approval System and Encouraging the Innovation of Medicines and Medical Devices (Z.Z. [2017] No.42), according to the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Medical Devices, the Measures for the Administration of the Registration of Medical Devices, the Measures for the Administration of the Registration of In-vitro Diagnostic Reagents and the Policy Matters of the Food and Drug Administration on Supporting the Supervision and Industry Development of Zhongguancun, In order to encourage innovation, encourage the transformation of scientific and technological achievements, improve the efficiency of examination and approval of medical devices in Beijing, and promote the rapid development of medical device industry in Beijing, these measures are formulated.

  the second For Beijing medical device products that meet one of the following circumstances, the applicant may apply to Beijing Food and Drug Administration for approval of innovative medical devices:

  (1) Having relevant national and Beijing scientific research projects, and the patents of core technology inventions involved have been made public or authorized.

  (2) The invention patent of the core technology, which is the first in Beijing, has the leading product technology in China, has great clinical application value and is involved, has been made public or authorized.

  (3) Patents for core technology inventions produced by key enterprises in Beijing, such as the 100-thousand-cultivation project and the Beijing Biomedical Industry Leap-forward Development Project (G20), have been made public or authorized.

  (four) included in the national or Beijing major science and technology projects, key research and development plans;

  Article For the implementation of innovative medical devices in accordance with the provisions of Article 2 of these Measures, the person in charge shall be responsible, and early intervention, whole-process counseling, priority registration and testing, priority review and approval, priority registration quality system verification and priority production license matters shall be handled. See Annex 1 for the application requirements of innovative medical devices in Beijing.

  Article 4 According to the application of the enterprise, Beijing Medical Device Technology Evaluation Center provides pre-consulting services for innovative clinical trial schemes of medical devices that meet the requirements of Article 2 of these Measures.

  Article 5 For innovative medical devices that meet the requirements of Article 2 of these Measures, enterprises may entrust Beijing medical device manufacturing enterprises to produce products, and the medical device production license of the entrusted party shall obtain the corresponding production scope.

  Article 6 For innovative medical devices, a cross-disciplinary joint evaluation method can be implemented.

  Article 7 For innovative medical devices in Beijing that have been listed in the first registration cycle, all adverse medical device events of the product shall be reported and a summary report on monitoring, analysis and evaluation of adverse medical device events shall be submitted to the Beijing medical device adverse event monitoring technical institution and the food and drug administration department in the jurisdiction every year.

  Article 8 For Beijing medical device products that meet one of the following circumstances, the applicant may apply to Beijing Food and Drug Administration for priority approval of medical devices:

  (1) It is urgently needed in clinic, and there is no product of the same variety approved for registration in China;

  (two) the varieties of medical devices belonging to the Beijing medical materials reserve unit and the unique and frequently-occurring diseases of children or disabled people;

  (3) Diagnosing or treating rare diseases with obvious clinical advantages;

  (four) for the treatment of serious life-threatening diseases and there is no effective treatment, as well as public health and other urgent needs;

  (5) Intelligent rehabilitation apparatus;

  (six) Beijing innovative medical device products to improve the production process.

  Article 9 For medical device products that meet the requirements of Article 8 of these Measures, priority shall be given to registration and testing, priority shall be given to review and approval, priority shall be given to the verification of registration quality system, and priority shall be given to the handling of production licensing matters. Please refer to Annex 2 for the application requirements for priority approval of medical devices in Beijing.

  Article 10 For the change of medical device registration license matters, the specification of product name, product technical requirements, scope of application, etc. does not involve substantial content changes, which can be combined with the renewal of registration.

  Article 11 If the recommended standards, the guiding principles of registration technology review and the norms of registration technology review change in the renewal registration of medical devices, the enterprise may not change the licensing matters.

  Article 12 If the specifications and models of medical devices are reduced, they can be handled in accordance with the registration procedures.

  Article 13 For in vitro diagnostic reagent products, it is not necessary to submit analytical performance evaluation data, risk analysis data related to product changes, product technical requirements, product specifications and label samples by increasing the packaging specifications with different loading quantities (only the loading differences) and adding the changes of licensing items for applicable models with the same degree of automation. The time limit for registration review was shortened to 30 working days.

  On the basis of strictly implementing the requirements of the quality system, the enterprise completes relevant risk analysis, performance evaluation, design changes, etc., and keeps records for future inspection.

  Article 14 Those who fail to apply for registration renewal six months before the expiration of the validity period shall be registered for the first time. If the product has not changed, the latest registered clinical data, registration test report and system verification results may be submitted.

  Article 15 Formulate the technical guidelines for clinical evaluation of medical devices in Beijing, study the comparison methods of similar medical devices, and simplify the clinical evaluation data of the same variety of medical devices.

  Article 16 Beijing Medical Device Technology Evaluation Center has established a communication mechanism for enterprises to solve the difficult problems encountered by enterprises in the registration and evaluation stage of medical devices.

  Article 17 Integrate the on-site inspection of the registered quality system verification and the on-site inspection of the production license. In principle, after the on-site inspection of the new product registration quality system verification has passed and the medical device registration certificate has been obtained, the products added to the Medical Device Production License can be exempted from the on-site inspection.

  Article 18 For enterprises that have obtained production licenses, applying for the registration of Class II medical devices that do not involve new methodology or new technology may be exempted from on-site inspection or optimization of on-site inspection items and processes in the process of registration quality system verification.

  Article 19 If the contents of the change of medical device registration license items do not involve the change of production process, the on-site inspection may be exempted or the on-site inspection items and processes may be optimized in the process of registration quality system verification.

  Article 20 For those who have passed the on-site inspection of registered quality system verification at least once in two years, and the products applied for inspection this time have the same or similar working principles and expected uses compared with those that have passed the inspection, and have basically the same structural composition, production conditions and production processes, they are exempted from on-site inspection or optimized on-site inspection items and processes in the process of registered quality system verification.

  Article 21 If the production address is reduced and the production process changes are not involved, the on-site inspection can be exempted or the on-site inspection items and processes can be optimized during the approval of the production license.

  Article 22 In principle, on-site re-inspection is not required if no key project defects are found in the on-site inspection of the registered quality system, and the number of general project defects accounts for less than 10% of the total number of general projects that should be inspected.

  Article 23 If the on-site inspection of the production license requires the enterprise to carry out rectification, the enterprise may be required to submit rectification report and rectification data according to the situation of the on-site inspection and the rectification items, and the on-site re-inspection is not required if it can be verified through the data.

  Article 24 Optimize the registration examination and approval procedures, and cancel the following examination and review links in the administrative examination and approval of medical device registration:

  (1) First registration of Class II medical device products (including in-vitro diagnostic reagents) that fully implement the guiding principles of product registration technology review issued by china food and drug administration or the product registration technology review norms issued by Beijing Food and Drug Administration;

  (two) the second class of medical devices (including in vitro diagnostic reagents) continued registration;

  (three) the second kind of medical devices (excluding in vitro diagnostic reagents) product description changes;

  (four) the second kind of medical devices (including in vitro diagnostic reagents) product registration certificate error correction.

  Article 25 These Measures shall not apply to domestic applicants who apply for approval of innovative medical devices to Beijing Food and Drug Administration according to the Notice of the General Administration of Food and Drug Administration on Printing and Distributing Special Approval Procedures for Innovative Medical Devices (Trial) (No.13 [2014] of the Food and Drug Administration).

  Article 26 These Measures shall be interpreted by the Beijing Food and Drug Administration.

  Article 27 These Measures shall come into force as of the date of promulgation. The Measures for the Examination and Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing (Trial) issued on August 11, 2016 (Beijing Food and Drug Administration [2016] No.36) was abolished at the same time.

  Attachment: 1. Requirements for reporting innovative medical devices in Beijing.

        2. Requirements for priority examination and approval of medical devices in Beijing

Annex 1

Requirements for reporting innovative medical devices in Beijing

  In order to standardize the application for innovative medical devices in Beijing and improve the quality of application materials, this application requirement is formulated in accordance with the Measures for the Examination and Approval of Rapid Medical Devices in Beijing.

  I. Application materials for innovative medical devices in Beijing

  (a) Beijing innovative medical device review application form (Annex 1)

  The applicant shall truthfully fill in all the contents.

  The contents filled in the product performance structure and composition, main working principle/action mechanism and expected use should reflect all the important information of product characteristics, be concise and to the point, use standardized and professional terms, and avoid ambiguity.

  (2) Relevant information of previous applications for innovative medical device approval (approval) (if applicable)

  If the product has applied for innovative medical device products from china food and drug administration or Beijing Food and Drug Administration, for the innovative medical devices that have been applied for again, copies of previous notices shall be provided, and explanations on product changes and improvement of application materials shall be submitted.

  (3) A photocopy of the business license of the enterprise to which it applies.

  (four) the intellectual property rights of the products and the supporting documents.

  1. Provide a description of the intellectual property rights of the core technology of the innovative medical device applied for. If there are many invention patents, it is suggested to display the information such as the name of the invention patent, the patentee and the patent status in a list.

  2. Provide relevant intellectual property documents.

  (1) If the applicant has obtained the patent right for invention, it is required to provide the original copy of the patent power of attorney, the patent claim, the specification and the copy of the patent register signed by the applicant.

  (2) If the applicant has obtained the right to use the invention patent in China through the transferee according to law, in addition to submitting the copy of the patent authorization, patent claim, specification and patent register held by the patentee, it is also necessary to provide the original Certificate of Filing the Patent License Contract issued by the patent administrative department.

  (3) If the application for a patent for invention has been made public by the patent administration department of the State Council and is not authorized, it is necessary to provide a copy of the proof document of the publication of the invention patent signed by the applicant (such as the notice of publication of the application for a patent for invention, the notice of publication of the application for a patent for invention and the notice of entry into the substantive examination stage, etc.) and a copy of the published version of the claim and specification. In the process of examining an application for a patent for invention, if the patent claim and specification are modified at the request of the patent examination department, the modified text shall be submitted; Where the patentee changes, the certifying documents issued by the competent patent department, such as a copy of the notice of conformity, shall be submitted.

  (V) Summary of product development process and results

  Summarize the original intention of product research and development, laboratory research, animal experimental research, clinical research and results, and submit a comprehensive report on product research and development including design input, design verification and design output. Information on patient selection criteria, as well as parameters to be monitored and factors to be considered during use.

  (6) Product technical documents, which shall at least include:

  1. The intended use of the product;

  (1) It should be made clear that the treatment and diagnosis expected to be provided by the product conform to the purpose defined in Article 76 of the Regulations on the Supervision and Administration of Medical Devices, and the applicable medical stage (such as monitoring and rehabilitation after treatment) can be described;

  (2) explain whether the product is used once or repeatedly;

  (3) A description of the equipment expected to be used in combination with it;

  (4) Information of the target patient population (such as adults, children or newborns).

  2. Working principle/action mechanism of the product;

  Elaborate the working principle/mechanism of the product to achieve its expected use, and provide relevant basic research data.

  3. Make clear the main technical indexes of products and the basis for determination, the index requirements of main raw materials and key components, the main production process and flow chart, and the inspection methods of main technical indexes.

  (seven) certification documents of product innovation, which shall at least include:

  1. Novelty retrieval report issued by information or patent retrieval institutions.

  It should be a sci-tech novelty report issued by information retrieval institutions in China or a novelty report issued by patent retrieval institutions. The contents of the report should be able to prove the innovation point, innovation level and reasons of the product. The novelty retrieval report is valid for one year.

  2. Summary of academic papers, monographs and documents published in core journals that can fully explain the clinical application value of products (if any)

  Can provide product literature, but also provide overseas literature of similar products.

  3. Analysis and comparison of the application of similar products listed at home and abroad.

  (1) Provide a description of the retrieval of similar products that have been listed in China. Generally, it should include the retrieval database, retrieval date, retrieval keywords and the results retrieved by each keyword, and analyze the differences between the applied innovative medical devices and similar products on the market in terms of working principle/mechanism.

  (2) Provide an explanation of the application of similar products listed overseas, compare and analyze the similarities and differences with this product, and provide comparative analysis data to support this product to be at the international leading level in technology.

  4. The innovative content of the product and its remarkable value in clinical application.

  (1) Overview of innovative medical devices applied for.

  This paper expounds the innovative contents of the applied medical device, and discusses that the device has been significantly improved in terms of safety, effectiveness and economy compared with the existing products or treatment methods through innovation, and has significant clinical application value.

  (2) Provide relevant supporting materials.

  (eight) product safety risk management report.

  1. Based on the research results of the risk management process carried out by the product.

  2. Prepared according to YY/T 0316 "Application of Medical Device Risk Management to Medical Devices".

  (9) Product description (sample draft).

  It shall comply with the relevant requirements in the Regulations on the Administration of Instructions and Labels of Medical Devices (Order No.6 of the General Administration).

  (ten) other documents that prove that the product conforms to Article 2 of the Measures for the Examination and Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing.

  1. If the product or its core technology has won national and Beijing municipal science and technology awards, please explain and submit copies of relevant supporting documents;

  2. The approval certificate of key supporting enterprises in Beijing, such as the 100 thousand cultivation project and the Beijing biomedical industry leap-forward development project (G20).

  3 included in the national or Beijing major science and technology projects, key research and development plan documents.

  (eleven) the self-assurance statement of the authenticity of the submitted materials.

  Second, the format requirements

  (a) the application materials shall be compiled by the applicant, and the documents shall be printed on A4 paper, arranged in the order specified in this acceptance requirement and bound into a book.

  (two) there should be a list of submitted materials, including the first and second titles of the application materials. The data corresponding to each secondary heading shall be separately numbered.

  (3) Unless otherwise specified, the application materials for the review of innovative medical devices in Beijing shall be original and signed by the applicant. "Signature" refers to the seal of the enterprise, or the signature of its legal representative and responsible person plus the seal of the enterprise.

  (four) if the application materials are in photocopy, the photocopy shall be clear and consistent with the original. Color pictures and charts shall be provided with color copies. If the original application materials have been submitted in the previous application for examination of innovative medical devices, a copy signed by the applicant can be provided, and the applicant will issue a document stating the acceptance number of the application materials where the original application materials are located.

  (5) The application materials shall be in Chinese. If the original text is in a foreign language, there should be a Chinese translation.

  Third, the review process

  To apply for innovative medical device products in our city, after the above materials are prepared, they shall be reported to the Medical Device Registration and Supervision Department of the Municipal Bureau (hereinafter referred to as the "Device Department"), and the Device Department shall formally review the application materials, and issue a receipt document (Annex 2) within 5 working days; The device will be reviewed by relevant experts within 40 working days, and the applicant and product name will be publicized on the website of Beijing Food and Drug Administration for 10 working days for the varieties to be included in Beijing’s innovative medical devices. If there is no objection after the publicity period, a final review opinion will be issued, and a notice of review of innovative medical devices in Beijing (Annex 3) will be made to inform the applicant in writing.

  Attachment: 1. Application Form for Review of Innovative Medical Devices in Beijing

        2. Beijing Innovative Medical Devices Review Receipt Certificate

        3. Notice of Review Opinions on Innovative Medical Devices in Beijing

Annex 1 of Beijing Municipality’s Declaration Requirements for Innovative Medical Devices

Beijing Innovative Medical Device Review Application Form. jpg

Annex 2 of Beijing Municipality’s Declaration Requirements for Innovative Medical Devices

Beijing Innovative Medical Device Review Receiving Material Voucher

(first copy)

  (Receiving material number: _ _ _ _ _)

  

  Your company applied for the examination of innovative medical devices in Beijing. After formal examination, the application materials are complete and it is decided to accept it. A total of _ _ pieces of materials were received.

  Tel: 010-83979525

  Receiver’s signature: year month day

Beijing Innovative Medical Device Review Receiving Material Voucher

(second copy)

  (Receiving material number: _ _ _ _ _)

  

  Your company applied for the examination of innovative medical devices in Beijing. After formal examination, the application materials are complete and it is decided to accept it. A total of _ _ pieces of materials were received.

  Tel: 010-83979525

  Signature of the applicant: year month day

Annex 3 of Beijing Municipality’s Declaration Requirements for Innovative Medical Devices

Notice of Beijing Municipality on Review Opinions of Innovative Medical Devices

  (No.:_ _ _ _ _)

  The application for examination of innovative medical devices in Beijing submitted by your company (receiving material number:)

  Performance structure and composition:

  Main working principle/mechanism:

  The conclusion of the review is:

.

  I hereby inform you.

(Seal)

Date:

Annex 2

Requirements for Priority Approval and Declaration of Medical Devices in Beijing

  In order to standardize the application for priority approval of medical devices and improve the quality of application materials, this application requirement is formulated in accordance with the Measures of Beijing Municipality for Rapid Review and Approval of Medical Devices (Revised).

  First, Beijing gives priority to the examination and approval of medical device application materials.

  (1) Application Form for Priority Approval of Medical Devices (Annex 1)

  Clearly explain the circumstances specified in Article 14 of the Measures for the Rapid Review and Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing (Revised), and briefly describe the reasons for priority approval.

  (two) a copy of the application form for registration of medical devices.

  (three) in accordance with the "Beijing medical device rapid review and approval measures" eighth cases of medical device priority approval application, should provide information according to the following requirements:

  1 clinical needs, and there is no product of the same variety approved for registration in China.

  (1) Summary of the clinical treatment status of the indications of this product, explaining the reasons for urgent clinical need;

  (2) The overseas approval and clinical use of this product and similar products;

  (3) Provide a description of the search, which proves that there are no related products of the same variety approved for registration in China at present, and there is no equivalent alternative diagnosis or treatment method at present.

  2. The medical device reserve varieties belonging to the Beijing medical material reserve unit and the medical device varieties used by children or disabled people with unique and multiple diseases.

  (1) the certificate of entering the catalogue of medical material reserve units in Beijing;

  (2) The indication of this product belongs to the supporting data of unique and frequently-occurring diseases of children or disabled people;

  (3) Summary of the clinical treatment status of this indication;

  (4) Description and relevant supporting materials proving that the product is specially used for diagnosing or treating unique and frequently-occurring diseases of children or disabled people, and has obvious clinical advantages compared with existing products or treatment methods.

  3 diagnosis or treatment of rare diseases, and has obvious clinical advantages.

  (1) Incidence data of the indications of this product and relevant supporting data;

  (2) Supporting data to prove that the indication is a rare disease;

  (3) Summary of the clinical treatment status of this indication;

  (4) Description of the obvious clinical advantages of this product compared with the existing products or treatment methods and relevant supporting materials.

  4 for the treatment of serious life-threatening diseases and there is no effective treatment, as well as public health and other urgent needs.

  (1) To prove that the indication belongs to the urgently needed supporting information for treating diseases that are seriously life-threatening and have no effective treatment methods, and public health;

  (2) Summary of the clinical treatment status of this indication;

  (3) the product has obvious clinical advantages over the existing products or treatment methods, and relevant supporting materials.

  5. Intelligent rehabilitation apparatus

  (1) Medical devices that meet the definition of intelligent rehabilitation devices in the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan for Scientific and Technological Innovation of Health Industry" (No.149 [2017] of National Science and Technology Development Agency);

  (2) Summary of the clinical treatment status of this indication;

  (3) the product has obvious clinical advantages over the existing products or treatment methods, and relevant supporting materials.

  6. Improve the production process of innovative medical device products in Beijing.

  (1) Notice of Review Opinions on Innovative Medical Devices in Beijing;

  (2) Description of production process changes of new and old products.

  (4) A self-assurance statement on the authenticity of the submitted materials.

  Second, the format requirements

  (a) the application materials shall be compiled by the applicant, and the documents shall be printed on A4 paper, arranged in the order specified in this acceptance requirement and bound into a book.

  (two) there should be a list of submitted materials, including the first and second titles of the application materials. The data corresponding to each secondary heading shall be separately numbered.

  (3) Unless otherwise specified, the application materials for the examination and approval of priority medical devices in Beijing shall be original and signed by the applicant. "Signature" refers to the seal of the enterprise, or the signature of its legal representative and responsible person plus the seal of the enterprise.

  (four) if the application materials are in photocopy, the photocopy shall be clear and consistent with the original. Color pictures and charts shall be provided with color copies. If the original application materials have been submitted in the previous priority examination and approval of the medical device application, a copy signed by the applicant can be provided, and the applicant will issue a document stating the acceptance number of the application materials where the original application materials are located.

  (5) The application materials shall be in Chinese. If the original text is in a foreign language, there should be a Chinese translation.

  Third, the review process

  To apply for the priority approval of medical device products in our city, after the above materials are prepared, they shall be reported to the Medical Device Registration and Supervision Department of the Municipal Bureau (hereinafter referred to as the "Device Department"), and the Device Department shall conduct a formal review of the application materials, and issue a receipt document (Annex 2) within 5 working days; The device shall be reviewed by relevant experts within 40 working days, and the applicant and product name shall be publicized on the website of Beijing Food and Drug Administration for 10 working days for the varieties of medical devices to be approved in Beijing. If there is no objection after the publicity period, a final review opinion will be issued, and a notice (Annex 3) for the review of medical devices with priority approval in Beijing will be made, and the applicant will be informed in writing.

  Attachment: 1. Application Form for Priority Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing

        2. Beijing Municipality gives priority to the examination and approval of medical devices, and receives the certificate of materials.

        3. Notice of Beijing Municipality on Priority Examination and Approval of Medical Devices

Annex 1 of the Declaration Requirements for Priority Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing

Application Form for Priority Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing. jpg

Annex 2 of the Declaration Requirements for Priority Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing

Beijing Municipality gives priority to the examination and approval of medical devices.

(first copy)

  (Receiving material number: _ _ _ _ _)

  

  Your company applied for the examination of medical devices with priority approval in Beijing. After formal examination, the application materials are complete and it is decided to accept it. Total materials received Pieces.

  Tel: 010-83979525

  Receiver’s signature: year month day

Beijing Municipality gives priority to the examination and approval of medical devices.

(second copy)

  (Receiving material number: _ _ _ _ _)

  

  Your company applied for the examination of medical devices with priority approval in Beijing. After formal examination, the application materials are complete and it is decided to accept it. Total materials received Pieces.

  Tel: 010-83979525

  Signature of the applicant: year month day

Annex 3 of the Declaration Requirements for Priority Approval of Medical Devices in Beijing

Notice of Beijing Municipality on Priority Examination and Approval of Medical Devices

  (No.:_ _ _ _ _)

  Your application for the examination of medical devices in Beijing with priority approval (receiving material number:)

  Performance structure and composition:

  Main working principle/mechanism:

  The conclusion of the review is:

.

  I hereby inform you.

(Seal)

Date:

Internet medical services are divided into diagnosis and treatment services and auxiliary services.

On Monday, April 16, 2018, the State Council Press Office held a regular briefing on the State Council policy, and invited Ceng Yixin, deputy director of the National Health and Wellness Committee, to introduce the relevant information on the Opinions on Promoting the Development of "Internet+Medical Health" and answer questions from reporters.

Jiao Yahui, Deputy Director of Medical Administration and Hospital Authority:

There are two modes in the document of Internet hospital: one mode is that medical institutions are the main providers, and medical institutions use Internet information technology to expand service time and space, and take Internet hospital as the second name of medical institutions. There is a very important principle that the services to be provided by Internet hospitals should be consistent with the relevant diagnosis and treatment subjects of entity medical institutions approved by us, that is to say, our hospital is a three-level general hospital, which subject is approved, and what content can Internet hospitals provide accordingly. The second is that some Internet companies and enterprises have applied for Internet hospitals. They have the resources of some high-quality experts, such as doctors in the north and the south of China, who use the platform provided by this Internet company to provide some services for patients. In this document, we require that Internet hospitals must be located in physical medical institutions, with consistent supervision online and offline, and must rely on physical medical institutions to provide patients with telemedicine services such as remote clinics through the Internet platform. Generally speaking, it is such a form.

The Internet hospital you mentioned just now, we are talking about not only Internet hospitals, but also Internet medical services are divided into two categories:

First, around our core business, that is, treating patients, it is generally said that whether the disease needs the next diagnosis, whether to propose a treatment plan and prescribe some prescriptions, this is called Internet diagnosis and treatment service, which is a kind of content of Internet service. We say it is the core business of medical care, and this Internet diagnosis and treatment service, as mentioned by Director Zeng and Director Yu just now, we are drafting and formulating management measures for Internet diagnosis and treatment. This is also a very important supporting document authorized by the National Health and Wellness Committee in the the State Council document. In this document, we will define the bottom line and boundary of Internet diagnosis and treatment, and within this boundary, we can provide some services. For example, as proved by practice now, it also includes internationally mature and recognized telemedicine services. In addition, there are family doctors who provide some health management and online consultation services for the patients he signed. It is stipulated in the document that some common diseases and chronic diseases can be followed up online, and the online follow-up service can also be provided through the Internet, and doctors can prescribe prescriptions for these patients online when they have mastered some basic case data of these patients, which is part of the Internet diagnosis and treatment service.

Second, non-core business, that is, we should provide some auxiliary services to take advantage of the convenience and convenience of the Internet. In this field, Internet technology has great room and great potential. Moreover, in practical application, it has been applied in many practices now, and patients in many places have enjoyed the convenience and bonus in this respect. For example, for example, many patients go to the hospital to see a doctor now, and they can register online and make appointments with a mobile phone, and when they come to the hospital, they can provide some reminders through the mobile phone when they arrive, and they can also pay by mobile phone without queuing up at the window. In addition, some inspection and inspection results can be queried online. This is a great bonus that patients can enjoy in the hospital, and everyone has personal experience. At the same time, we use the internet to sink the good resources of high-quality medical care. For example, the economy and medical care in remote and poverty-stricken areas are not very developed. Through telemedicine or remote outpatient service, some patients in some counties and some patients in remote and poverty-stricken areas can also see experts from these big hospitals in Beishangguang without leaving their place of residence, and they can enjoy this convenient service. We also have some decision-making assistance activities supported by artificial intelligence, including some grassroots doctors and doctors in county and city hospitals, which can greatly improve their medical service level and efficiency, and indirectly serve more patients.

We are now using it in family doctor contract service. For example, we have some rural patients, community patients, elderly people in the community and village clinics at home or at home, and contracted doctors can consult some questions online or at his place. For some problems, village doctors or contracted family doctors can’t solve them, and they can also seek help from the doctors in the superior hospital of this team through the Internet, so that patients can enjoy more convenient, daily health management and safe and appropriate diagnosis and treatment services at home, so I think these are what we say Internet hospitals or Internet diagnosis and treatment can provide.

As for the application procedure of Internet hospitals, because it is a new format, we will seriously solve the problems about the conditions that this kind of medical institutions should have, how to apply, and at which level for examination and approval, in line with the principles and requirements of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services", and will make clear provisions in our management measures for Internet diagnosis and treatment. Thank you.

Health depends on life —— Warm-hearted stories of medical workers and patients

  [Talking about health]

  The doctor is kind. For a long time, the vast number of medical staff in our country have carried forward the spirit of respecting life, saving lives, being willing to contribute, and having boundless love, and serving the people’s health wholeheartedly. They have propped up the largest medical and health service system in the world, supporting the people’s healthy dreams. "Health depends on life" is the professional oath of every doctor, and it is also the reflection of their lofty medical ethics and selfless spirit.

Yang Xiaoling, a 37-year-old head nurse in the department of neonatology of the People’s Hospital of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, is nicknamed "Yang Yizhen". As long as she picks up the needle tube, no matter how small the blood vessel is, it can be "one needle in place". Over the past 18 years, Yang Xiaoling has cared for more than 30,000 children, successfully treated premature babies and critically ill newborns for many times, and won the 23rd "China Youth May 4th Medal". Xinhua news agency

  The story behind the disease

  Coming out of the "cool" operating room, I rushed to the noisy neurosurgery clinic, and the spacious corridor was full of patients waiting for treatment. The speech with different accents, the silence of the elderly, the noise of children and the colorful colors of summer clothes constitute the scene of outpatient service. Patients whose hair hasn’t grown out after craniotomy, for me, can’t bring a refreshing feeling, because the surgeon’s first reaction when he sees the knife edge is worry. "How did they recover after surgery?" These subconscious thoughts accompanied by rapid pace, I walked into the clinic.

  "Please enter the consulting room for the patient of Derong on the 10th!" A young girl with dark skin, indifferent expression and straight eyes was led into the clinic by her family.

  "Director zhao, do you remember me? You operated on my brother two years ago, and now that the family has enough money, we want to treat my sister again! " The patient’s younger brother said.

  "How is your brother recovering?"

  "Very good! He has stopped taking drugs, and epilepsy has never occurred. Now he is doing business with me in Lhasa. " "My sister’s illness, like my brother’s, is convulsing at intervals, and she makes it worse." The patient’s younger brother kept telling, while the elder sister still sat there with a straight face. However, the mother standing by was in tears: "Director Zhao, thank you for curing my eldest son. In fact, my family should have operated on my daughter a long time ago. On the one hand, it is really difficult economically, and I need to borrow money to make up for the operation expenses; On the other hand, the daughter has been married, and the husband’s family is four or five miles away from our village. The operation must also be approved by the man’s family. "

  "Last month, I went to my daughter’s in-laws to discuss the operation. They didn’t agree to pay for the operation. I was very angry. When my daughter saw me coming, she kept dodging me. When I pulled her over, I found that my whole body was covered with blue and purple, and my right arm was swollen and deformed. I asked what happened, and her man said that my daughter fell when she was ill. I’ve seen my daughter when she’s sick. It won’t cause bruises all over her body at all. Did they hit you? The daughter nodded silently and muttered that she was going home. In a fit of pique, I brought my daughter home … …” Mother nagged, with endless words and full of grievances. The younger brother listened, his hands clasped the veins stood out, and his head bowed trembling and said, "I’m the only one at home who is not sick. I’ll treat my sister even if I sell blood to raise money."

  Experience tells me that both brother and sister suffer from medial temporal lobe epilepsy, while familial temporal lobe epilepsy is rare. There was an Italian document that reported 15 cases of familial temporal lobe epilepsy, which was caused by genetic defects. Usually, patients had a history of febrile convulsions in newborns or children, and generally began to have seizures in their teens. With frequent onset, patients’ memory, learning ability and even living ability are seriously affected. Imaging examination of brain magnetic resonance can show atrophy and sclerosis of hippocampus (the hippocampus of normal people is closely related to higher nervous activity of emotion, learning and memory, so it is named because it looks like hippocampus). Eeg records can capture epileptic discharges, mostly from one or both hippocampus. Even if many patients take more than two kinds of antiepileptic drugs, they will have an average of 2 to 3 seizures every month, which is clinically called drug-refractory epilepsy. Such patients are suitable for preoperative evaluation to find the focus that causes epilepsy. Surgery is like shooting a target. If we can see and find ten ring’s bull’s-eye before surgery, plus the doctor’s surgical experience and skills, it is possible to get full marks, that is, the epilepsy symptoms disappear completely after surgery, and patients will no longer take drugs.

  Derong soon moved into the ward, and the suffering brought by epilepsy to this family deeply touched me, making me chat with the patient’s mother and brother as much as possible after busy work to understand their inner feelings.

  The Derong family comes from the rural area of Fuzhou, Jiangxi Province, where they mainly make a living by planting rice twice a year. Each person has one acre of land and can’t earn much money in one year. Now all the young people in the village have gone to work in other places, and the rest are old people and "left-behind children", as well as "patients" who can’t go out. Derong is one of them. As far as work is concerned, Derong never spares no effort, and her husband’s family cultivates several acres of land. Sometimes, bending over in the sun, working in the field, fatigue induced seizures, Derong suddenly ran around unconsciously, and the rice fields that had just been sorted out became a mess. Locally, epilepsy is called "sheep running crazy".

  De Rong’s mother told me that in fact, she and her brother both developed normally when they were young. For some unknown reason, on the same day 20 years ago, both of them had a high fever at the same time, the highest temperature was 40 degrees Celsius, which lasted for three days, and what was more serious was a febrile convulsion. After a week of treatment in the local mine hospital, both brothers and sisters were out of danger, and since then, they have had seizures. Epilepsy changed their fate. My brother got married and got married and had a son. However, when the child was less than one year old, his daughter-in-law left him and the child and ran to other provinces. So far, there was no news. Because of this disease, Derong lowered the standard of marriage and married a man from a neighboring village with physical disabilities. As described above, he lived in a muddle with no head in sight.

  The pillar of the family is actually the youngest son, Derong’s mother told me. The 29-year-old Deyi junior high school went to work in other places without graduation, and learned to do business. In the last three years, she went to Lhasa to do telecommunications business, that is, to sell mobile phones and accessories. I once asked him why he chose to do business in Lhasa. Is there any danger and can his body handle it? Deyi replied that people in Lhasa are very nice and simple, and more importantly, they can earn more money there to support their families and save money to see their brothers and sisters. Seeing my brother and sister have seizures since childhood has brought endless pain and confusion to young Deyi. Why did it happen in our house? Why do brothers and sisters all suffer from this disease? Will I twitch, too? A series of questions lingered in Deyi’s mind. Two years ago, my brother’s successful operation made him see hope. Now my brother is doing business with him in Lhasa and taking better care of his life.

  Derong’s operation was successfully completed. Microscopically, clear brain structure and atrophied hippocampus can be seen, and the brain tissue is obviously harder than normal people. In fact, the anterior temporal lobe resection is familiar to me, but this time Derong’s operation has made me more careful, and there must be no complications, and the epilepsy must be removed. This idea has been lingering in my mind. Microscopically, it is not only the tortuous cerebral cortex and beating blood vessels that are magnified, but also the face of Zhang Derong’s family, anxious and expectant eyes and trust. After the operation, Derong’s spirit improved obviously, and his personality became like a different person, making it easier to communicate with others, and there was no seizure. The long-term effect needs further observation. Coincidentally, Derong’s surgical site is the same as his brother’s, both located in the right temporal lobe and hippocampus.

  Brothers and sisters, who had febrile convulsions on the same day 20 years ago, suffered from the same epilepsy disease and underwent surgery at the same site. As an attending doctor, I am glad that I can do my best to eliminate the pain caused by the disease and help them experience the dignity and happiness of life again.

  Behind every disease is a story that touches the heart. As a doctor, are you willing to take the time to understand and listen? Usually, doctors pay more attention to patients’ symptoms, but ignore patients’ personal psychology, family environment and social influence. Doctors should not only treat patients as diseased organs, but also care for the whole "person". Modern biology — Psychology — The medical model of society requires doctors to pay more attention to the influence of social and psychological factors on patients’ diseases, and medical care that embodies humanistic care is the core and essence of the whole treatment experience. In the whole process of diagnosis and treatment, patients give their experiences and emotions to doctors like gifts. We should cherish this trust, and the heart-to-heart communication between doctors and patients can give patients real comfort and hope.

  I wish my brother and sister back home a speedy recovery! I sincerely hope that the crazy life caused by epilepsy will be calm and life will change from now on. After all, the power of love can call for the return of family ties.

  (Author: Zhao Guoguang, Dean of xuanwu hospital, Capital Medical University)

  Be a big doctor.

  Looking back on my own growth process, I finished my undergraduate medical course with the first-class grant from the state because of my poor family in college, and then I finished my postgraduate study for three years with the salary of the state. Later, I was funded to study abroad twice by the state at work. It was the party and the state that trained me to be a big doctor. The oath that I took when I stood in party flag always inspired me, Do not forget your initiative mind, to be a soldier serving the people’s health.

  With the change of lifestyle and the arrival of aging society, the incidence of chronic diseases such as cancer in China is increasing year by year, and will increase by two or three times in the next ten to twenty years, with seven new tumor patients every minute, which seriously affects the health and happiness of the people. Without national health, there will be no overall well-off society. We must attach importance to the prevention and control of major diseases, strengthen early screening and early detection, and promote early diagnosis and treatment.

  At present, health and poverty alleviation have become an important mission for our doctors. As an oncologist in a large national third-class first-class hospital, I walked from a high consulting room to a remote village — — Taoquan Township, a region with the highest incidence of esophageal cancer in the world. With the national "Twelfth Five-Year" science and technology support program, we have carried out the research and promotion of key technologies for cancer screening and prevention in rural areas here, put forward new methods and means for screening and prevention of esophageal cancer in high-incidence areas, and established a demonstration base for cancer specialty in grass-roots hospitals.

  In 2016, China-Japan Friendship Hospital took the lead in setting up a specialized medical association of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine oncology in China, aiming at promoting the graded diagnosis and treatment of malignant tumors, improving the diagnosis and treatment level of specialized diseases, establishing a systematic and standardized talent training system for integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine oncologists, and promoting the development of disciplines. We have extended 20 oncology specialties of integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine to more than 300 hospitals, helped more than 30 county-level hospitals to set up oncology specialties, trained more than 10,000 oncology specialists, and improved the service ability of primary oncology specialties.

  Learning at the grassroots level and constantly improving in practice, we have established a screening model for high-risk areas of esophageal cancer based on tongue images, and carried out research on the prevention of esophageal cancer by cooperation of Chinese and Western medicine; Combining the wisdom of "preventing diseases" of traditional Chinese medicine with modern artificial intelligence AI, the "Wangzhi" system of intelligent health of traditional Chinese medicine was developed to serve the health of the people more accurately and widely.

  On the road of health and poverty alleviation, we have also passed through many old revolutionary areas, including Yudu in Jiangxi, Xishui in Guizhou and Dangchang in Gansu. While helping the old areas to build oncology specialties, we also feel the spirit of the Red Army’s Long March. When Mr. Chen Daowang translated the communist party Declaration, he tasted that "the taste of faith is sweet". Today, our efforts and hardships on the road of health and poverty alleviation are also substantial and beautiful.

   (Author: Jia Liqun, director of the Department of Oncology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital)

  I can open your world.

  Late at night, under the dim light, I turned on the computer and thought about what title to write this story with. Suddenly, my son knocked at the door and said, "mom, open the door." I, uh, was awakened.

  What is "open"? There are many ways to "open". Open a box; Open a door and window; Open the door of wisdom; It can also be, open the door of the heart.

  As an otolaryngology nurse, what I want to open up most is the silent world of deaf-mute patients. They can’t hear beautiful voices and say beautiful words, so they can only live in a silent world. It is no different from the appearance of ordinary people, but they can’t communicate like ordinary people, which causes confusion in their living conditions. Deaf-mute children are the most vulnerable deaf-mute groups. Deaf-mute children can’t feel the cheers of their parents when they are born. They can only look at the silent world with a pair of clear eyes and listen to their own voices quietly.

  On that day, a little deaf patient came, as big as my daughter, with beautiful big eyes shining brightly and pigtails carefully combed on her head. Who would have thought that such a lovely baby, who was just one and a half years old, was a deaf-mute child?

  Mother came to the nurse’s station with her baby in her arms and sat opposite me. I asked softly, "Does the child have a history of drug allergy?"

  My mother looked at me blankly. When I repeated my question, she took the pen in my hand and wrote on the paper: "My father and I are both deaf and dumb".

  Looking at this beautiful font, my heart was shocked. What a miserable family this is. She went on to write:

  We can communicate on paper.

  The mother’s smile is as beautiful as a flower, which makes me recover from the shock just now. "On paper" has become our way of communication. After I finished a series of in-hospital health education, they returned to the ward with my hospital gown prepared in advance.

  It may be because the baby is as big as my daughter, or it may be because of this special family. I pay more attention to this patient. Although communication is more troublesome, I am still willing to share their worries during hospitalization and reduce their psychological burden.

  After the child finished the operation, we affectionately called her "cochlear implant". Cochlear implant is an electronic device, which converts the sound into an electrical signal with a certain coding form by an in vitro language processor, and directly excites the auditory nerve through an implanted electrode system to restore or reconstruct the hearing function of the deaf. At present, cochlear implant has been used as a routine method to treat severe deafness to total deafness all over the world.

  We are all distressed to see that the bald head of the "cochlear implant" is wrapped in thick gauze. She hobbled in the corridor wearing a small hospital gown, and her mother held a small hand with a big hand, inadvertently revealing the warmth of maternal love, and the angel’s heart would be melted by this warmth.

  Accurate needle infusion, careful observation of postoperative wound conditions and illness changes, even when patrolling the ward at night, we should gently cover the PDA to prevent the dazzling light from waking the baby’s sleep, and all of them can’t bear to let her get a little hurt again. We are looking forward to and believe that in the near future, the baby will definitely call out to his mother affectionately, hold his mother’s hand and be alive and kicking.

  When she was discharged from the hospital, Cochlea saw us waving to her, and she shook her hand and said goodbye to us. Looking at the distant figure in the corridor, I seem to see a pair of angel wings growing on her back, and I seem to see the breeze blowing the leaves and falling leisurely when the child grows up. She said to me, "Aunt, I can hear that voice, very light, very light."

  At that time, I would still be wearing a white dress and a Dai Yan hat, shuttling between the ward and the corridor, repeating ordinary nursing work such as injection, medicine distribution, temperature measurement and blood pressure measurement.

  As time goes by, the only thing that has changed is that the heavy responsibility of trusting each other’s lives has made me more and more awed by the sacred profession of "angels in white".

   (Author: Wang Jing, a nurse in charge of Otolaryngology Department of China-Japan Friendship Hospital)