标签： 苏州晚上必去的地方

[Editor’s note]2021 is the 170th anniversary of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom jintian uprising. The Paper Liu Chen, assistant professor of the Department of Private History and Peking University History, invited scholars at home and abroad to write a series of manuscripts to introduce readers to the new direction and achievements of the research on Taishi, hoping to help related research.

In the Zhejiang occupied area in the late Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, there were several local resistance forces led by civilians, the most famous of which were Bao Lishen Tuan Yong, Shen Zhangda Tuan Yong and the bandit troops of Gaitianwang, all of which were over 10,000 people. Generally speaking, the occurrence of these three large-scale mass mutinies is inevitable under the rule mode of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom tribute system in Zhejiang province [that is, collecting tribute from the people and the Taiping Army’s "pioneering" (plundering) and "sending large donations". According to the theory of class analysis, the above three forces are all "reactionary landlords’ regimentation", but in fact, unlike ordinary vigilante groups, they have no direct organizational connection with the Qing government; The main body of its leaders and participants are civilians, which can intuitively reflect the opinions and demands of ordinary people; Moreover, some political hostility consciousness is not obvious in the initial stage. Therefore, through the observation of these three civilian-led events against the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, we may reveal the true face of the opposition between the people and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Jinhua, Zhejiang, the former site of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’s Shi Wangfu

Bao Lishen and the "White-headed Army"

Bao Lishen, also known as "Li Sheng" and "Li Sheng" in historical materials, lived in Bao Village, Zhuji, Zhejiang Province for more than 20 years. He was illiterate. In the notes of scholars at that time and later, unofficial history recorded that he was a farmer, a farmer, a villager, a village tyrant and a family farmer. Not only farming, but also engaged in business. It is recorded that he "tasted selling lime from shoulder to shoulder", which shows that he is probably a yeoman. Bao Lishen’s family background is also not prominent. A family of 17 are all working in rural areas. Among the relatives, Feng Yangshan, a cousin, is only a petty official who has not entered the class. Therefore, it can basically be concluded that Bao Lishen and his family belong to the civilian class.

But he is a "special person" among ordinary farmers, or can be called a "civilian elite". Bao Lishen probably systematically studied some popular witchcraft among the people, and most historical materials think that he once studied daoist magic’s technique. It is not new to use witchcraft to organize the people. The uniqueness of Bao Lishen’s uprising lies in "controlling evil with evil", and he turned the spearhead of his struggle to the Taiping Army, which also started with "witchcraft" and "heresy". It shows that it has certain ability and strategy. Moreover, Bao Lishen has political ambitions. He claims to be "the leader", and his proclamations are all written in Jia Zi, not in the official lunar calendar of the Qing Dynasty, which is deliberately different from the Yong ying organized by Feng Za. Bao Lishen has also received the support of some small and medium-sized intellectuals, such as Zhu Zhilin, Yu Guanying, Fu Guantao and Shen Fangyi, all of whom are gentry. However, these literati are only driven, and most of them are "weak writers", and a few of them are counsellors and military aircraft, and only Bao Lishen is in charge of the overall situation and forbids it. Baocun’s armed forces are private armed groups with Bao’s family as their headquarters, and even the bureau responsible for military equipment is located in Bao Shangjie’s close friend’s home. Therefore, the leading position of "civilian elite" Bao Lishen is unshakable.

In the 11th year of Xianfeng (1861), in September, the Taiping Army defeated Shaoxing and Zhuji, and Bao Lishen used the "witchcraft" as an excuse to swear, claiming to be a descendant of the "White Crane Real Person" and founding the "Whitehead Army", which fought dozens of battles with the Taiping Army. People in neighboring counties have cast their families. In May of the first year of Tongzhi (1862), Li Shixian, Dai Wang Huang Chengzhong, Ti Wang Lian Ye Kun, the first king Fan Ruzeng and Lai Wang Lu Shunde led more than 100,000 Taiping troops to encircle Baocun again, cutting off its water and route for providing foodstuff. On the first day of July, the Taiping Army came out of the tunnel, wiped out Bao Village, and Bao Li died. According to Jiang Yili, then the governor of nursing Zhejiang, there were "14,777 deaths" after Baocun was attacked by Taiping Army. Chiang Kai-shek only refers to the number of deaths in Baocun. Because the war has been delayed for nearly a year, every time there is a war, the dead must be buried; Bao Lishen often led troops to attack, and many people died in other places; Coupled with the deaths caused by non-war factors (such as hunger and thirst, epidemic disease, suicide, etc.), and considering the environmental carrying capacity of Baocun, it is reasonable to have a total of "tens of thousands" people killed. Taiping Army also suffered heavy losses.

As for the cause of Bao Lishen’s uprising, it can be analyzed from two surviving essays. These two essays are programmatic documents of Bao’s resistance to the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

The first article is Bao Lishen’s campaign against Guangdong bandits. This essay was kept in the "A Brief Account of Yi Min Bao’s Establishment" compiled by Bao Zuqing in Shanyin, and it was signed "Written by Wang Xiaotie in Hangzhou". Its formation time was between the end of the eleventh year of Xianfeng and the beginning of Tongzhi Yuan, which revealed the main reasons for Bao Lishen’s uprising: First, the Taiping Army’s military discipline was corrupted; Second, the Taiping Army exterminated culture and trampled on customs.

The second article is "Dong ‘an Rebel Commander Bao Helped to Tell Qi Xin to Kill a Thief", which is included in Feng’s Huaxi Diary and Shen Zi’s Avoidance Diary in Haining. The formation time of this essay may be a little later than the first one, about shortly before March of the first year of Tongzhi. At this time, the people of Baocun had fought several large-scale battles with the Taiping Army, and both sides suffered casualties. It is inevitable that there are inaccuracies in the rhetoric of a campaign, and such absolute accusations as "regardless", "regardless", "all are", "everywhere" and "do everything" may be exaggerated. For example, the phenomenon of captive soldiers in the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom runs through all the time, which is really the harm of the early universal conscription system. However, in principle, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom pursues the conscription system, which is implemented in various places to varying degrees. Therefore, the term "regardless of industrial and commercial farmers, they are taken captive as soldiers" in a campaign is exaggerated. This essay announced the twelve major crimes of Taiping Army: 1. Inciting cults; 2. Indiscriminate killing of innocent people; 3. Adultery of women; 4. Sogon looting; 5. burning houses; 6. wanton abduction of soldiers; 7. Imposition and extortion; 8. cruel punishment law; 9. Extinction of culture; 10. overstepping the name; 11. Destroy Zhongliang; 12. trample on customs. The twelve major crimes can be divided into three aspects: first, the accusation of Taiping Army’s military discipline corruption (sins 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6); The second is the accusation against the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’s economic policy (sin 7); The third is the accusation against the social transformation of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom (sins 9 and 12). This shows that the main cause of Bao’s uprising lies in the military discipline of Taiping Army and the social, economic and political strategy of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.The remaining charges of inciting cults, cruel punishment, overstepping the name, and harming loyalty (Sins 1, 8, 10 and 11) are hostile to heresy from an orthodox standpoint, which should be the result of Bao Lishen’s intellectuals’ embellishment of the essay.

In terms of content, both essays emphasize that nature is an important reason for Bao Lishen’s trouble-the Taiping Army’s military discipline is corrupted and the customs are destroyed, while the second one emphasizes the economic factors that are almost completely omitted in the first one, which may be the most important thing for Bao Lishen, who is an ordinary peasant. In Bao Lishen’s second essay, there is a long paragraph accusing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom of the heavy taxes and fees. Therefore, the peasant resistance movement, which is the largest, the longest lasting and the fiercest struggle in the occupied area of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, has comprehensive inducing factors, among which the root of the people’s resistance lies in the social panic caused by the social and economic bad behaviors that have been or may occur in Taiping Army, such as exorbitant taxes, corrupt military discipline and destruction of customs. At that time, although the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom occupied Shaoxing Fucheng and Zhuji County, it did not actually complete the political construction work for the vast rural areas, and most of the social and economic politics were not carried out in Baocun and its nearby areas. The opposition among the people in Baocun mainly originated from panic rather than practical feelings.

To resist tyranny.

Shen Zhangda, the only one in all kinds of historical materials named Huaxi Diary as "Shen Changda", was a vegetable farmer from Ganpu Town, Haiyan County, Jiaxing, who was "gardening for a living" and his family was "destitute". He was 61 years old when he started. Guangxu’s Haiyan County Records recorded its name in the list of Martyrs’ Gentlemen and Soldiers’ Surnames, and specially marked its identity as a "civilian" to show that it really belongs to the civilian class. On May 11th, the 11th year of Xianfeng, Shen Zhangda gathered more than a thousand villagers to the Ganpu Township Official Bureau to question the township official Yao Chengchu. Just when hundreds of villagers in Huangwan also complained, they jointly demolished the bureau house, bound Yao Chengchu and arrested the township official along the way. By May 13th, more than 10,000 rebel teams had gathered, and they cooperated with the Qing army to attack Tongyuan and Yucheng in Haiyan, and returned in defeat. On the 18th, the Taiping Army plundered Ganpu and claimed the first thing. On the 26th, Shen Sui stepped forward and was captured and killed.

The causes of Shen Zhang’s uprising are recorded in Huaxi Diary, which can be roughly divided into four categories: 1. Le Gong. In March of the eleventh year of Xianfeng, the Taiping Army took two grams of sea salt, which was adhered to according to the city. "In May, the thief Le Gong gradually crossed, and Tong Yuan Huang set up a trap from the thief, and paid more than 10,000 yuan in tribute to the seven maps, which was not enough for the people. Haiyan county nuclear office thirty-two thousand, to the seventh day of April, and add fifteen thousand, and want to levy silver, every two or seven discount two thousand and fifty ". 2. Taxation. At the beginning of May of the same year, "I wanted to divide the house numbers, write the number of people, and each card was B yuan and 40 cents, and each person was required to levy 20 articles a day, 100 per kitchen day, and 50 per kitchen." We can see that there are three names: house number fee, per capita tax and kitchen donation. 3. Collect rent after grain. On the ninth day of May, the Taiping Army authorities threatened with guns and boats that "after Tian Yin was chased, the scholars were afraid of the tiger’s potential, and they all lost all their money, and they still issued it as a series of tickets in Xianfeng for ten years, and by the eleventh, they had more than a thousand yuan", and "occasionally some owners took advantage of the situation to collect rent". 4. The township officials are greedy and cool. "chayuan Chen Yuchun … secretly gave directions to do tribute, claiming that he could deceive the public, and from the time of collecting silver, he occupied the bureau with Wang Zhuchuan, a traitor", "Gui Yingshan was also a thief, and first set up the silver bureau in his house, named Liu Quan Pavilion", "Five people visited the rich, and the letter was Shi Shuai, and the house number was set up ……. so the road was fat. If Xu Tu can collect fees item by item, the people may be able to cope, but the deterioration of the situation lies in "the ninth day of May,Unexpectedly, the doorplate, the kitchen expenses and the bank of Waizhuangtian were all launched, starting from the tenth day, without delay. Occasionally, the owners took advantage of the situation to collect rent, and they also threatened to chase it very tightly with guns and boats. "The people had nothing to accuse" and the people were already overwhelmed.

The reasons for the farmers’ resistance in Haiyan can be summarized as the harsh economic policies of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and the greed of township officials’ politics. Different from Bao Lishen’s uprising, the root of Shen Zhangda’s uprising lies in the people’s real feelings about the social, economic and political strategy of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. Among the above two points, the people hate the excessive collection of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom even more; Although the politics of township officials is greedy and cool, it can promote the chaos, but their actions are also the embodiment of implementing the economic policy of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Four aspects of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom’s economic policy-paying tribute, taxation, paying off grain and collecting rent, in which paying tribute is the key to the antagonistic behavior of Haiyan people. Guangxu’s Haiyan County Records states that "from time to time, the thief’s first name, Kwai Tian Yu, came to the city to secure the public, called on the officials and people, and ordered the county to send high officials to invite people to do things, so sophistry would not disturb the place. A few days later, the four townships were ordered to contribute, and there was no empty day to chase. Zhang thief forced a huge sum of money to Nanxiang, and the women learned to take off their hairpin, and the scholars all hated it. " Grain and rent collection were not the main factors that triggered the revolt of Haiyan farmers. Although Haiyan authorities tried to restore the traditional social and economic order in the spring and winter of the eleventh year of Xianfeng, due to the constraints of subjective and objective environment, the collection of land tax in Haiyan area was not fully launched until December of the first year of Tongzhi, but the implementation was not good, and the traditional social and economic order failed to become the mainstream of the administration of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In April and May of the eleventh year of Xianfeng on the eve of the Shenzhang uprising, the official land tax and rent policy of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom had not been officially promulgated, and the collection work had not been fully launched.

The main cause of the Shenzhang incident was that the people could not bear the economic burden of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. In all kinds of economic burdens, Le Gong of Taiping Army is the main aspect, and people’s resentment is boiling, which is aroused by Shen Zhang’s great enthusiasm and eventually leads to drastic changes.

"King Gai" who is troubled by "salt" and "food"

The uprising of "Gai Tianwang" was also forced by the participants’ real life. In August of the second year of Tongzhi (1863), Yan Xiao and Chen San gathered to revolt. "Gai Tianwang" is not the code name of the leader, but the spiritual symbol of the uprising team. The rioters gathered at the Three Temples in Huangwan, Haining, and pushed the three gods in the temple to be kings. "The so-called Gai Tianwang is also the Emperor Wu of the Yuan Dynasty in the temple." By September, there was a rumor among the people that "Gai Tianwang" was recruited by the Qing army in Shaoxing. The authorities in Jiaxing and Haining of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom arrested the troublemakers, but the results were not great. In October, the hungry people gathered more and more. "The hungry people were recruited, and the investors did not count, totaling more than 10,000." The Taiping Army "was also afraid of the situation and dared not move." Until the end of the rule of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, this local force, which is mainly composed of hungry people, has not been completely dispersed.

The team of "Gai Tianwang" is often called "bandits", but they have obvious political demands like Yong Ying, such as "flagging openly" and "uprising in the temple". The targets of the struggle are directed at the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom government and the Taiping Army, looting local banks, appraising villages, mountain products banks, etc., as well as township lawsuits, centurions’ homes, and even delivering documents to Zhejiang general He Xinyi to borrow food. Why are you afraid of it? On the 10th day of November, the second year of Tongzhi, the leader, Chen Sanyatou, led more than 1,000 people to fight with the Taiping Army in Huaxi towns, killing more than 30 people of the Taiping Army all the way, burning the cards at the city’s tip, burning the township official bureau, and attacking the Taiping Army camp at Zhuziqiao and Hualongqiao. Therefore, the team of "Gai Tianwang" is by no means a general bandit who robs houses and houses, and can be regarded as a "vigilante" and "uprising".

The "Gai Tianwang" incident is a typical case in which farmers in the occupied areas of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom rose up and rebelled because of famine and hunger. In December of the second year of Tongzhi, the Tongxiang authorities of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom arrested three "Gaidang", and after being interrogated by the military commander Yao Futang, they recorded the following confession: "I was hungry and cold, so I planned to rob. ….. I wait for righteousness, so the robbery is selfless. If we are hungry, we will die. If we die, we will fight to kill. If the root cause is investigated, then the gods can’t get it; If you punish the party and the party, it will be everywhere, not less than tens of thousands of people, and you can’t win. " It’s hard to imagine that this generous statement of "people fear not death is afraid of death" came from bandits who were characterized as "rebellious" by the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom government, but their background of starving people and their motivation to stand up for survival actually added some justice to this incident.

The formation of the hungry people is that the land can’t be cultivated because of the backward flow of seawater into the inland. "After the seawall falls, the brine in the paddy field can’t be planted, and the residents no longer eat grain. Because of the robbery, the number of people attached to it is increasing." The unemployment of salt vendors was attributed to the implementation of the public monopoly system of salt by the Taiping Army authorities, which led to the salt vendors’ no profit, so they made a living by looting. Salt monopoly system has existed since ancient times, and salt policy is a national plan, which was attached great importance by successive governments, and so was the Qing government. In the Qing Dynasty, the salt law was mainly in the form of official supervision and commercial operation, and private salt was repeatedly banned. However, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom implemented a complete monopoly, with township officials as daily managers or full-time managers, and the right to sell salt was returned to local governments. Banning the smuggling of salt can not only curb the loss of national wealth, but also prevent businessmen from hoarding and profiteering from it. It is understandable that successive governments have strictly enforced it. However, salt is a daily necessity of the people. The government monopolizes the price increase and makes profits on behalf of salt merchants. Not only are ordinary businessmen unprofitable, but even the basic needs of ordinary people’s families are deeply affected. For example, the "salt fee" levied in Changshu and Zhaowen is completely unfair and can only intensify social contradictions.

"King Gai" was troubled by "salt" and "food", which are the most basic needs of the people. It can be seen that the governments of Haining and Haiyan Taiping Heavenly Kingdom have not even completed the basic social appeasement. Although the political nature of the whole incident against the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is remarkable, it cannot conceal the simple original intention of the people to join in the resistance, that is, to survive. Compared with the other two incidents, because the composition of this bandit team is basically people struggling on the verge of death, the color of "officials forcing the people to rebel" is even stronger.

It needs to be specially explained that because of the strong nature of the civilian-led militia, it is easy to misunderstand their battle with the Taiping Army as "farmers beating farmers". Jane Youwen once said: "Is it because most of the Taiping Army soldiers are farmers, so it is called the peasant revolution?" However, aren’t the Hunan soldiers who attacked and destroyed the counter-revolutionary Taiping Army farmers in Xiangxiang area? It is clear that farmers beat farmers. "(Jane’s essay: A Complete History of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, Volume I, Hong Kong: Jane’s Rushing into the Bookstore, 1962, with preface and supplementary note on page 3)The soldiers and brave fighters of the regiments led by the Qing army and local gentry also come from the people. Under the control of various political forces, there will be fundamental conflicts between the Taiping Army and their classes and interest groups, and most of the people who participate are organized. The interests and political demands of organizers and leaders are not exactly the same as those of the vast majority of the people. Therefore, this kind of opposition can not be completely regarded as the opposition between the people, but more of a political opposition between leaders. For these civilian-led resistance teams, their leaders and main participants are all from ordinary people, and their demands are relatively consistent, and the interests represented by the leaders and organizers have not been obviously alienated in the resistance. Therefore, the opposition between the civilian-led resistance team and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom can be regarded as the opposition between the people and the ruling class of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, but it cannot be regarded as the opposition between the people and the people.

Compared with Bao Lishen, Shen Zhangda and Gai Tianwang, the three causes of armed incidents led by civilians, whether due to social panic or practical tyranny oppression, all reflect the simple original intention of the people to survive and seek security, that is, the content of resistance is basically an economic issue related to people’s livelihood. Although the specific protest content of each incident is different due to the type of incident, the place of occurrence and the socio-economic background, and the focus of the causes is also different, the people’s dissatisfaction with the social, economic and political strategy of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom through the actual actions of resistance is consistent, and the common protest content is such as economic policies such as donation and contribution, as well as the principles, methods and effects of policy practice. From the analysis of the object of protest, the main object of protest of the people is the township officials. The greed and disorder of township officials’ politics-the deviation of policy implementers-are the common factors that form these protest events, but the township officials’ politics of Taiping Heavenly Kingdom mainly focuses on the practice of Taiping military authorities in economic policy. It can be seen that the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom did not realize the transformation and alternation between the old society and the new society in the occupied areas, on the contrary, it regressed from the old social order. The disadvantages of the parallel social order of tribute system and the traditional social and economic order were constantly exposed. In some areas, the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom did not even maintain the basic livelihood, which inspired the people to resist the social, economic and political strategy of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom. This shows that the opposition between ordinary people and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom is mainly the opposition of their own interests, not the opposition of political positions. Therefore, as long as the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom can safeguard the interests of the general public, it can win the initiative in the long-term anti-Qing war. In the early days,The Taiping Heavenly Kingdom described and promised a complete and beautiful vision for the general public, which represented the interests of the general public to a certain extent, so as to widely mobilize the people to join the rebellion, which was unprecedented in scale and intensity and dealt a heavy blow to the decadent Qing Dynasty. However, under the conditions of long-term war, the policies and measures of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom, the performance of government officials at all levels and Taiping Army officers and soldiers at all levels may deviate from these goals, triggering political resistance events led by civilians like Bao Lishen, Shen Zhangda and Chen Sanyatou. This shows that the grass-roots governance of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom did have serious problems of irrationality and violent oppression.

　　CCTV News:According to the website of the State Post Bureau, on August 13th, the first batch of relief materials sent to the disaster area by post arrived at Jiuzhaigou Zhangzha Post Sub-office. After intense work, all 20 relief materials were properly delivered on the same day. 200 mother postal parcels donated to Jiuzhaigou Women’s Federation were also delivered on the day of arrival. The Sichuan Postal Administration said that as of the 15th, the delivery channels were safe and orderly; Sichuan Post Branch, SF, Yuantong, Zhongtong, JD.COM, Tiantian and other industries actively participated in the earthquake relief work.

　　After the earthquake, Zhangzha Post Sub-office quickly opened the postal "green channel for earthquake relief" to provide free receiving and delivery services for the people in the disaster areas and resume normal delivery operations. On August 10th, more than 60 mails were received and sent, and nearly 500 imported parcels were handled, among which 10 college entrance examination admission notices were all delivered to the recipients safely. Two days after the earthquake, except for the closure of Zhangzha Branch on the 9th, the other postal outlets in Jiuzhaigou County maintained normal business, and two CRS and ATMs in Yongfeng New District and Zhangzha Branch provided financial self-service for the people in the disaster area for 216 times.

　　On August 14th, there was a heavy rain in Jiuzhaigou County, and the tent of the temporary postal service point set up by Zhangzha Post Sub-office was flooded. After the rainstorm, postal cadres and workers set up tents again to provide postal services for the residents in the disaster area.

[Abstract] With the "Belt and Road Initiative" entering the second decade, China’s cooperation with countries and regions along the route has reached a higher level, which puts forward a more urgent demand for international talents who know China, Asia and the Western world. Under this background, China’s study abroad service industry, as a bridge between domestic and foreign education, should transform its way of promoting international talent training from the traditional "outward transportation" to the "transportation+introduction" double cycle. This paper explores the necessity of this transformation, analyzes the problems in the process of transformation from the perspectives of industry structure, organization and technology, and puts forward some countermeasures, such as perfecting product system, digitizing study abroad service, establishing local study abroad service industry associations and strengthening the combination of academic research and practice.

[Keywords:] "Belt and Road"; Study abroad service industry; Industry transformation

According to official data, by the end of 2022, China had signed more than 200 cooperation documents with 150 countries and 32 international organizations to jointly build the Belt and Road, which created opportunities for business exchanges among many countries and promoted talent exchanges between different countries. In addition, with the increasingly fierce geopolitical competition between China and the United States, the importance of the "Belt and Road" construction has become increasingly prominent. Report to the 20th CPC National Congress of the Communist Party of China pointed out that building the Belt and Road Initiative has become a popular platform for international public goods and international cooperation. It is necessary to promote the high-quality development of the "Belt and Road".

The essence of the "Belt and Road" construction is the cooperation between China and other countries, which requires the participation of international talents to achieve the expected results. China’s study abroad service industry has great advantages in international talent training, and has helped millions of students to study abroad successfully for many years. When national construction needs a large number of international talents, China’s study abroad service industry should be appropriately transformed, give full play to its early service advantages, publicize relevant national policies, and promote overseas students to return to China for employment; At the same time, we will develop the business of international students studying in China, optimize the "import" and "export", and make contributions to the cultivation of international talents in China.

First, the introduction of China’s study abroad service industry

After the reform and opening up, the state implemented the policy of supporting study abroad, and gradually liberalized self-funded study abroad. With the rapid development of economic globalization, the income of China residents has been greatly improved, and the main way of studying abroad has gradually changed from public study to self-funded study, further promoting the upsurge of studying abroad. The purpose of studying abroad has also changed, from learning knowledge to broadening knowledge, enriching life and learning advanced knowledge and technology. Under this circumstance, the service industry for studying abroad in China came into being. Since the reform and opening up, it has provided overseas study consultation and services to millions of self-funded groups, helping many students to study abroad successfully. Among them, Britain, the United States, Canada and Australia are the main destinations for studying abroad, and Germany, Japan and South Korea are gradually attracting more and more students’ attention.

China’s overseas study service industry organizations include large companies, studios and independent consultants, etc. The educational level of the clients involves middle school, undergraduate and graduate students, and the service contents include overseas study consultation, overseas study application, overseas study training, academic counseling and employment guidance. The service content can be divided and defined in more detail from narrow and broad perspectives. In a narrow sense, study abroad service is an intermediary service for study abroad, including study abroad consultation and application; In a broad perspective, study abroad service includes not only study abroad consultation and application, but also study abroad training, academic counseling, study abroad and employment services.

Since January 8, 2023, China has officially implemented "Class B and B Management" for Covid-19 infection, and the market of China’s study abroad service industry has gradually warmed up. Related industry research reports show that compared with the rapid development from 2014 to 2019, China’s study abroad service industry is in a moderate development period from 2021 to 2023, but it will start to grow at a high speed after 2024, reaching a market scale of 467.9 billion yuan and nearly 600 billion yuan in 2024 and 2025 respectively. Among them, the business of studying abroad from a narrow perspective is growing slowly, while the business from a broad perspective, including background improvement, study abroad training, academic counseling and employment services, will usher in rapid development.

Michael Porter once said that the four factors of politics, law, economy, social culture and technology in the macro environment of the industry have great influence on the long-term development of the industry and enterprises within the industry. The "Belt and Road Initiative" conforms to China’s basic national policy of opening to the outside world, is the need for the country to expand and deepen its opening to the outside world, and is also an effective way to strengthen ties and cooperation between China, Asia, Europe and Africa. China’s study abroad service industry should give full play to its own characteristics, make appropriate transformation, change its mode from "outward export" to "export+import", and expand its study abroad destinations to countries and regions along the Belt and Road, so as to cultivate international talents needed for the Belt and Road construction.

Second, the necessity of the transformation and upgrading of the service industry for studying abroad

(1) Create a good domestic environment for the construction of the "Belt and Road"

As early as 2015, the number of employees in China’s study abroad service industry from a narrow perspective has reached 25,000. In 2017, the state released the qualification of intermediary service for studying abroad, and more individuals were able to enter the industry. Since 2018, various industries (businesses) in China’s study abroad service industry have developed rapidly from a broad perspective. Under the background of "One Belt, One Road" initiative, the transformation of China’s study abroad service industry is bound to create more employment opportunities, alleviate the current employment problems, thus promoting social stability, creating a good domestic environment for promoting the "Belt and Road" construction, and providing a sound environmental guarantee for exploring more international cooperation.

(B) to provide talent protection for the "Belt and Road" construction

From 1978 to the end of 2018, more than 3.65 million overseas students chose to return to China for development after completing their studies. Among them, many people have become the best in the industry and made great contributions to the prosperity and development of the country. At the same time, China has become the largest destination country for studying abroad in Asia. In 2018, a total of 492,200 international students from 196 countries and regions studied in China, including more than 260,000 students from countries and regions along the Belt and Road Initiative.

Under the background of "One Belt, One Road" initiative, the transformation of China’s study abroad service industry involves providing better services to the above two groups. "Overseas students have a broad vision and should be at the forefront of innovation", which is the high hope and expectation of the Supreme Leader General Secretary for the overseas students. Returned overseas students generally have an international perspective, are familiar with international rules and dare to innovate and start businesses. International students from countries and regions along the Belt and Road have a full understanding of their own countries, and by studying in China and learning China culture, they become the disseminators of China culture. These two groups are important talent groups needed to promote the "Belt and Road" construction, which provide a basic guarantee for comprehensively promoting the diplomacy of a big country with China characteristics, and are also the groups that must be focused on in the transformation of the service industry for studying abroad in China.

(C) Effectively respond to national talent introduction policies and international competition for talents.

In today’s world, international competition is unprecedentedly fierce, and countries with strong comprehensive strength can gain advantages in the competition. In the final analysis, the competition between countries is the competition of knowledge innovation and scientific and technological innovation, and the key is the competition of talents. Countries have formulated policies to attract overseas talents, such as Germany’s "blue card program", Britain’s PSW visa policy, and the United States’ provision of convenient immigration conditions for science and engineering talents. Compared with western countries, China pays more attention to the introduction of high-level talents from other countries. China pays more attention to its own overseas students and their work, and has successively issued a series of policies to encourage overseas students to return to China and serve the country. The transformation of the service industry for studying abroad in China should involve relevant contents, so as to help China effectively cope with the international competition for talents.

Third, the problems existing in the transformation of the service industry for studying abroad

(A) the industrial chain is short, the links between different industries are loose, and the products need to be systematized.

In 2018, there were 662,100 Chinese students studying abroad, with a total of 519,400 returned overseas students and over 490,000 international students studying in China. The data shows that there is a big gap between the export and import of students in China at this stage. Only a few institutions in the market provide business for studying in China, and most of them lack services for studying in China, especially for students from countries and regions along the Belt and Road Initiative. On the other hand, the service products of China’s study abroad service industry on the employment of returned overseas students also need to be enriched.

(B) A large number of organizations, the quality of service needs to be improved.

On January 12th, 2017, the State Council issued the "Decision on the Third Batch of Cancellation of Administrative Licensing Matters in Central Designated Places", which cancelled the qualification examination and approval of study abroad agents, and the number of institutions providing study abroad services increased sharply. In Tianyancha, "study abroad service intermediary" was used as the key word to search, and the number of related enterprises has exceeded 100 thousand. However, the improvement of the service quality of overseas study service institutions failed to catch up with the growth rate of the number of institutions. Take the study abroad service industry in Ningbo as an example. By 2022, there were as many as 990 enterprises involved in study abroad services, but only 90 enterprises specialized in study abroad services, nearly half of which were small and micro enterprises, which made it difficult to protect the rights and interests of customers. More than 20% of the respondents who are willing to study abroad hold a wait-and-see attitude towards the services of overseas institutions, and think that their service quality assurance system and tracking system need to be improved [1]. The improvement of service quality will enhance the satisfaction of students (customers) who plan to study abroad with the service industry for studying abroad, and ultimately affect their acceptance of the follow-up suggestions given by the industry, which will help the industry guide international students to return to China for development.

(C) The application of digital and intelligent technologies in the industry needs to be improved.

Traditional study abroad institutions have a slight advantage in promoting informatization. Some organizations have started to build CRM and OA systems since 2010, linking employee performance with system operation, improving internal employee management and ensuring customer service can be completed on time. In 2017, some institutions also launched intelligent study abroad system products, covering consultant style, product introduction, destination country introduction, institution introduction, professional introduction and successful cases, providing students and parents with all-round services and support. There are also several overseas training institutions that have arranged online education early to realize online and digital language training. Except for some large overseas institutions, there are very few enterprises that can support the digital cost, which leads to a series of problems, such as customer data can not be kept safely, customer privacy can not be guaranteed, business progress can not be shared in real time, and customer experience is poor.

(D) lack of academic research and failure to provide effective guidance for the transformation of the service industry for studying abroad.

More employees in the overseas study service industry will pursue higher-level degree courses after work to better serve students or guide the development of overseas study service institutions. As of March 18th, 2023, there were 111 master’s theses on China Knowledge Network with the theme of "study abroad service". However, most of the studies were carried out around a single enterprise, rarely from the perspective of the industry, especially the related research with the background of "Belt and Road", which failed to provide effective reference for the transformation of the study abroad service industry in China. According to the literature, scholars’ perspectives include the brand building and development strategy of overseas study service institutions, the evolution of overseas study policies, the influencing factors of students’ willingness and motivation to study abroad, the risks in the process of studying abroad, and the impact of studying abroad on China’s education development (see table).

Fourth, the study on the countermeasures for the transformation of the service industry for studying abroad

(1) Based on international education, increase employment and study in China to meet the talent demand for the construction of the Belt and Road Initiative.

1. Improve the products and services related to returning employment.

The service industry for studying abroad has provided relevant services before students go abroad, and it has early advantages in contacting and persuading students to buy products for employment back home. When designing products related to returning to China for employment, enterprises should decide according to their own scale and strength, and also consider the demand for talents in the construction of the "Belt and Road". For large-scale enterprises, we can consider taking advantage of having offices abroad to cooperate with recruitment platforms and hold job fairs overseas; Summarize and share the information on the talent demand for the "Belt and Road" construction and the information on the employment of overseas students returning to China, including entrepreneurship, employment support, financial support and other services, and play the role of a third party to improve the efficiency of students’ decision-making; Establish a special business department, hire professional staff, and provide students with resume guidance and interview training. Smaller enterprises can consider focusing on developing the second type of scheme or cooperating with large enterprises.

2. Developing the business of international students studying in China, and forming a double-cycle effect with the business of studying abroad.

The study abroad service industry should establish in-depth cooperation with relevant state departments and institutions and domestic schools, understand the needs of colleges and universities, make full use of the marketing departments of different enterprises, and timely and accurately convey information to potential international students in countries and regions along the Belt and Road Initiative; Work with the school to design related activities, such as essay competition for international students in China, international friends entering China enterprises, cooking competition for international students in China, etc., to help international students in China integrate into life in China, understand China culture and tell China stories well.

(2) Establish local study abroad service industry associations to promote personnel exchanges between China and countries and regions along the Belt and Road.

The local study abroad service industry association is a non-profit social organization in the study abroad service industry. It is generally advocated and promoted by the local education department, reviewed and approved by the Social Organization Administration of the Civil Affairs Department, and participated by local study abroad service institutions. It has clear functions, structure, articles of association and services. At present, relevant associations have been established in Beijing and Guangzhou. Taking beijing overseas-study service association as an example, the Association has 66 member units, all of which have the qualification of intermediary service for studying abroad. The Association has a secretariat, an international department, a comprehensive social service department, a training department, a Chinese department, an information center and a legal affairs department, which provide various services such as studying abroad guarantee plan, seven-day termination without obligation, studying abroad finance and studying abroad insurance, and make positive contributions to standardizing the local study abroad market in Beijing, promoting the healthy and steady development of the local study abroad service industry and cultivating international talents for the country. All localities can learn from Beijing’s practice, establish local study abroad service industry associations, understand students’ needs, regularly share and timely recommend the study abroad policies of countries and regions along the Belt and Road, and promote the exchange of study between China and countries and regions along the Belt and Road.

(3) Promote the digitalization of overseas study services, promote the inter-industry links of overseas study services, and improve service quality and customer experience.

The digital trend of studying abroad service is irreversible. The study abroad service industry should adhere to the digitalization of study abroad service, create favorable conditions for industry employees to learn and improve their personal digital literacy, and actively cooperate with industry associations to discuss how to use technologies such as the Internet, big data and artificial intelligence to innovate the study abroad service model and platform. China’s overseas study service industry should pay close attention to the relevant information of overseas students’ return service in time, and make corresponding publicity and support. At present, the country regularly holds job fairs for overseas students and the "Spring Cup" innovation and entrepreneurship competition for overseas students in China, and has established a government platform of "Service for Studying in internet plus". China’s study abroad service industry should pay attention to the digital reform of the country and provide effective advice and guidance for returned overseas students.

(4) Guide the academic circle to study the transformation of the overseas study service industry and better serve the construction of the "Belt and Road"

On the basis of establishing local study abroad service industry association, we should build a talent pool of local study abroad service industry. The association will organize leaders of study abroad institutions and people with high academic qualifications to hold regular discussions and hold industry salons. Topics can include the development of individual enterprises, the construction of China’s study abroad service industry ecosystem, and how China’s study abroad service industry can help the "Belt and Road" construction, so as to help the people with high academic qualifications get scientific research inspiration and promote the local and even national study abroad service industry to find a better development direction.

The development of study abroad service industry in China is of great economic and social significance to China and plays an important role in cultivating and absorbing international talents. Under the background that the "Belt and Road" construction continues to advance and a large number of talents are needed, China’s study abroad service industry needs to be transformed, and the talent introduction function should be realized and strengthened to achieve the goal of attracting overseas students to return to China for development and attracting outstanding foreign students to study and work in China. (The author Lu Shengguan is a teacher in the Marketing Department of Jilin International Studies University. This paper is the phased scientific research achievement of Jilin International Studies University’s school-level project "Research on College Students’ Academic Attainment: Influencing Factors, Influencing Principles and Posteffects" [project number: JW2022JSKYB029]).

References:

[1] Liu Chang. Ningbo study abroad service industry development survey [J]. Ningbo Economy (Sanjiang Forum), 2022, No.560 (01): 14-15+26.

[2] Lin Jie, Zhang Xinqi, Liu Yeqing. Construction and application of risk assessment model for studying abroad-based on the evaluation of Britain and the United States [J]. University Education Management, 2023,17 (01): 100-114.

[3] Chen Xiaojie. Study on marketing strategy of HB Group’s overseas study business [D]. Nanning: Guangxi University, 2022.

[4] Lu Shengguan. Study on the influencing factors of internal service quality-taking the domestic study abroad service industry as an example [D]. Beijing: capital university of economics and business, 2017.

Source: China Scholar (No.7, 2023)

　　On the afternoon of February 13th, the Key Open Laboratory of Tornado of China Meteorological Bureau (hereinafter referred to as "the laboratory") was started and the first academic committee meeting was held in Foshan. Based on the original scientific and technological innovation platform of Foshan Tornado Research Center and relying on Guangdong Meteorological Bureau and Peking University, the laboratory was approved to be established in November 2022, which will continue to promote the scientific understanding, monitoring and early warning capabilities of tornadoes in China.

　　Tornado is a destructive weather phenomenon, which is small in scale, sudden and difficult to monitor, and has always been the difficulty of meteorological disaster prevention and reduction. At present, the basic scientific research and forecasting and early warning technology of tornadoes in China are in the initial stage. With the achievements of meteorological modernization in China, China Meteorological Bureau approved Guangdong Meteorological Bureau to carry out the modernization demonstration construction of X-band dual-polarization phased array weather radar, which ushered in a new opportunity for tornado monitoring and early warning research.

　　According to reports, the research in the laboratory is oriented to applied basic research, and the research field focuses on the formation mechanism, monitoring, early warning and forecasting technology of tornadoes and their parent supercells. It is estimated that through the five-year construction of key laboratories, the database of tornado history cases in China will be established and improved, and the research and development of tornado collaborative observation technology and special tornado observation experiments will be carried out. At the same time, we will continue to study the mechanism of tornadoes and parent storms under the specific regional climate background, form the integration and business demonstration of tornado forecasting and early warning technology, and improve and popularize tornado disaster investigation and damage assessment technology.

　　Zhang Xingying, deputy director of Science, Technology and Climate Change Department of China Meteorological Bureau, said at the kick-off meeting that the laboratory should closely focus on the discipline construction objectives, strengthen the key technical research of tornado formation mechanism, enhance the tornado monitoring and early warning and forecasting ability in the Pearl River Delta region, and improve the operational transformation and application level of scientific research results, so as to make contributions to meteorological disaster prevention and mitigation in Foshan, Guangdong and even the entire Pearl River Delta. At the same time, strengthen the training of high-level talents, and strengthen cooperation with universities to form an integrated innovation mechanism for Industry-University-Research.

　　Original title: online shopping "red onion", after eating it, it is hallucinogenic and enters the ICU. Experts remind: toxic fungi should be eaten carefully, and improper cooking will lead to poisoning.　

　　In summer, it’s time to eat mushrooms again. Delicious mushrooms attract the attention of many diners, but there are many kinds of mushrooms, some of which are even toxic. Boletus lanmao, commonly known as scallion, is a famous kind of toxic mushrooms. With the development of online shopping, red onion began to be sold to a wider area, and some people who were not familiar with this fungus bought it to eat, which triggered a poisoning incident. Recently, a netizen was poisoned by red onion and was sent to ICU for two days of hemodialysis before he recovered slowly. Experts say that hallucinations caused by the poisoning of bacteria such as scallion are only a few cases, and more are caused by headaches, nausea and gastroenteritis, which seriously affect work and life, and it is not clear whether there is long-term damage, which is not a "fun" thing. Yang Zhuliang, an expert from Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that in the latest edition of Yunnan Common Poisonous Mushrooms (Poisonous Mushrooms) 2022, red onions have been included in the category of poisonous mushrooms, and it is recommended that they should not be collected, purchased, processed or eaten!

　　A rescue caused by greed

　　Out of curiosity, I bought shallots online, but I didn’t feel "amazing" after eating them for two days.

　　On June 23, 2022, Xiaohong (pseudonym) was completely awake the next day after eating red onion poisoning. Lying in the hospital bed, she found that her memory was blank for several days, and it was only by constantly capturing memories that she pieced together the poisoning experience.

　　Wild mushrooms in Yunnan have been listed in large quantities recently. When she was playing social software, she saw big data pushing related content. Xiaohong’s family is in Jiangxi, where she doesn’t produce red onions. She only knows that red onions are "green" and belong to a kind of boletus. I heard that they taste particularly good and are the best mushrooms in Yunnan. The merchant put white onion and red onion on a link. She asked the merchant what mushrooms are delicious now. The merchant said that red onion is a little poisonous, but white onion is not poisonous, but the taste of red onion will be better.

　　On June 17, 2022, she placed an order for two pounds of red onions on the online shopping platform, and the merchant gave a cooking instruction, telling that it would be no problem to cook for more than 15 minutes. At noon on the 18th, she received the goods. The newly acquired fungus was still a little icy, big and fresh. She was particularly proud at that time and felt that she was good at picking, so she bought a good fungus the first time.

　　At about 5 pm on June 18th, she sliced the red onion according to the strategy, prepared a lot of garlic slices and dried peppers, stir-fried them in a pot for 10 minutes, and then boiled them in water. She was a little scared and deliberately cooked for more than 10 minutes, and the total processing time was 26 to 30 minutes. When she ate it, she thought it tasted ok, but "it didn’t have that amazing taste."

　　After eating on the 18th, there was nothing wrong until the afternoon of the 19th, so she did it again in the same way. Because there was a lot of oil left when the fungus was oiled for the first time, she asked the shopkeeper if it could be used. The shopkeeper said that the oil was not toxic and the oil after the fungus was fresher, so she fried and cooked the onion with the previous oil and new oil, and the cooking time was more than 25 minutes.

　　After being poisoned, he was sent to ICU, and his memory was all blank.

　　Not long after coming to work in the company the next day, she felt dizzy and sent a message to her lover saying that she might be poisoned. The messages sent afterwards were all typos. She ate red onions with her lover, who was fine. After seeing the news, she rushed over and took her to the hospital around 11 o’clock. As soon as she entered the hospital, she was rushed to the emergency room for rescue, and was pushed out by the nurse wearing an oxygen mask and hanging a drip at one or two in the afternoon. Only when her lover asked did she know that she was really poisoned and had been asking the doctor to see the "villain".

　　Considering her large consumption and long poisoning time, the doctor decided to adopt hemodialysis treatment. At 6 o’clock that evening, she was pushed into the operating room again, and she didn’t leave the operating room until around 10: 30. "My memory was all blank during this time, and the real memory was at noon on June 21."

　　Xiaohong’s lover said that on the 20th, his wife vomited from morning till night, and she was unconscious, and she also had symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps and colic. Once he was talking to a doctor, Xiaohong reached for the "little man" and dropped the needle on himself. When he came back, he saw that the ground was covered with blood. At that time, Xiaohong’s temper became very violent. "Usually she is very gentle. At the moment she woke up, she found that she had a lot of pipes and needles inserted in her body, so she pulled them all down rudely."

　　At this time, Xiaohong’s illusion has not disappeared. Many murals and short videos can be seen around curtains and beds, and many cartoon characters look at her through the ceiling and windowsill. She felt very novel and told these things to her family. After Xiaohong’s poisoning, she also showed the symptoms of mydriasis, with serious cross-eyed eyes and double vision. On the afternoon of the 21st, she was pushed to the ICU for the second dialysis, and then her hallucination weakened a little. After dialysis for the third time on the afternoon of the 22nd, the hallucinations and ghosts slowly disappeared.

　　After leaving the hospital, Xiaohong felt weaker than before, weaker in qi and blood, and more likely to feel sleepy. As long as she hears the name of this mushroom, she will feel sick involuntarily. She once communicated with the merchants about the poisoning problem, and the merchants claimed that her practice was wrong. Because the merchant did warn the red onion beforehand that it was poisonous, she did it completely according to the method said by the merchant, but she was poisoned. I wonder if the merchant should be responsible for it.

　　What exactly is "red onion"

　　In 2016, it was discovered that it is an endemic species in China, and its smell is close to that of onion.

　　Liu Junjie, a doctoral student in ecology at Guangxi University, saw Xiaohong’s photo of red onion and quickly determined its species: Boletus lanmao. He told reporters that Boletus lanmao belongs to a kind of "seeing hands", and red onion is its common name. People used to think that Boletus lanmao was a two-color boletus from America. Later, the team of Yang Zhuliang, a researcher at Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and a famous mushroom expert, discovered that it was a new genus and new species in China. In 2016, it was published as a new genus and new species under the name of Lanmao, in memory of Lanmao, the name of Boletus and the author of Herbal Medicine in Southern Yunnan in the Ming Dynasty.

　　The origin of the name "Seeing Hand Green" is that once its thallus is touched, the juice secreted by the pressed contact surface will be oxidized to cyan. In fact, the bacteria not only secrete cyan juice, but also change into powder, yellow, red, purple and black. It is difficult for ordinary people to distinguish their exact species, so they are called red hand, white hand, purple hand and pink hand according to their colors. The light-colored and red Saussurea involucrata, which have the largest harvest, are collectively referred to as onion bacteria by local people, and are divided into two categories: white onion bacteria (light-colored Saussurea involucrata) and red onion bacteria (red Saussurea involucrata). The origin of their names is also very simple-the smell emitted by these bacteria is close to that of onions.

　　In fact, the red hand also includes several kinds of boletus, and Boletus lanmao is one of them. There are many kinds of gymnosperms, and not all of them are toxic. However, it is well known that Boletus lanmao is toxic.

　　Can "red onion" be eaten after all?

　　The mechanism of poisoning is not clear, and toxins may cause damage to internal organs.

　　Yang Zhuliang told Zi Niu news reporter that Boletus lanmao has been sold in the wild mushroom markets all over Yunnan for generations. Among the wild mushrooms such as Boletus, it is the most expensive one. Locals like to buy, cook and eat, and feel good. Taste good. "But according to our years of research, it is found to be toxic, especially for some susceptible people. If it is not cooked properly, it will lead to poisoning after eating."

　　How to eat red onion without poisoning? In fact, Yunnan locals are not clear. Some people say that garlic frying can detoxify, and some people say that onion frying can poison. Liu Junjie thinks that there is no scientific basis.

　　Poisoning by boletus lanmao may lead to hallucinations such as "seeing a villain", which makes some people feel funny and even eat it in pursuit of "seeing a villain". This behavior is extremely undesirable. Like many poisonous mushrooms, different people may have different reactions after eating them. Some people are fine, and some people may have big problems.

　　Eating red onions without symptoms of poisoning does not mean that its toxins disappeared during cooking and processing. Yang Zhuliang said: "According to our investigation for many years, there is a phenomenon that most people want to make it convenient to eat the leftover red onion dishes before the next time. Put them in the microwave oven for 30 seconds to 1 minute and then eat them, which often leads to poisoning."

　　Liu Junjie pointed out that there is still a lack of in-depth research on the toxin of red onion, and the specific poisoning mechanism is still unclear. In fact, the illusion of "seeing a villain" caused by eating red onion poisoning is only a few. Its toxin may cause damage to liver, kidney and other internal organs, and more often lead to headaches, nausea, gastroenteritis, vomiting and diarrhea, which seriously affects work and life.

　　Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences has published a multi-edition illustrated edition of Common Poisonous Bacteria (Poisonous Mushrooms) in Yunnan. Yang Zhuliang told reporters that in the latest edition of Yunnan Common Poisonous Mushrooms (Poisonous Mushrooms) 2022, red onions have been included in the category of poisonous mushrooms, and it is recommended not to pick, purchase, process or eat. "I hope to attract everyone’s attention."

　　The best depth media of Zi Niu Tau Tiao Zi Niu News reporter Song Shifeng

Cctv newsFrom 0: 00 to 24: 00 on August 14th, 1 local confirmed case (Hanzhong) and 3 asymptomatic infected persons (both in Xi ‘an) were newly reported.

As of 24: 00 on August 14th, there are 4 confirmed cases in the hospital and 5 asymptomatic infected cases observed by isolation medicine.

Locally confirmed case 1, male, 20 years old, reported from Hanzhong City. After receiving investigation from other provinces, he arrived in Shaanxi by train on August 13th. After getting off the train, he was controlled and transported to the centralized isolation point in a point-to-point closed loop. During the centralized isolation period, the nucleic acid test result was positive and was diagnosed as a confirmed case (light) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

A native asymptomatic infected person, 1, male, aged 28, reported from Xi ‘an, and was a close contact of the confirmed local case released on August 14th. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

A native asymptomatic infected person, 2, female, 46 years old, reported from Xi ‘an, and was a close contact of the confirmed local case released on August 14th. During the period of centralized isolation, the result of nucleic acid test was positive and was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

Native asymptomatic infected person 3, female, 25 years old, reported from Xi ‘an. After receiving the investigation from other provinces, he returned to the toll station in Seoul, Xi’ an by car on August 14 and was controlled. After antigen testing and nucleic acid sampling, he was concentrated and isolated. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid test was positive, and it was diagnosed as asymptomatic infection in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group.

The above-mentioned confirmed cases and asymptomatic infected persons were treated and observed in isolation in designated medical institutions. The specific activity track and work situation were released by Hanzhong City and Xi ‘an City respectively.

From 0: 00 to 24: 00 on August 14th, 3 confirmed cases imported from overseas and 3 asymptomatic infected persons imported from overseas were newly reported. Medical observation on 5 cases of releasing isolation.

As of 24: 00 on August 14th, there were 12 confirmed cases imported from abroad for isolation treatment in the hospital, and 29 asymptomatic infected people were observed by isolation medicine.

One confirmed case imported from abroad, male, aged 10 years old, was managed by closed loop immediately after entering the country, and there was no track of self-activity in Shaanxi Province. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid detection was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group (ordinary type), and now it is isolated in designated medical institutions.

The imported confirmed case 2, male, aged 35, was closed-loop managed immediately after entry, and had no track of self-activity in Shaanxi Province. During the isolation period, the result of nucleic acid detection was positive, and it was diagnosed as a confirmed case (mild) in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group. At present, it is being isolated and treated in designated medical institutions.

The 3 confirmed cases imported from abroad, male, aged 39, were managed by closed loop immediately after entry, and there was no self-activity track in Shaanxi Province. During the isolation period, the results of nucleic acid detection were positive, and they were diagnosed as COVID-19 confirmed cases (light cases) by the municipal expert group. At present, they are being treated in isolation in designated medical institutions.

One asymptomatic infected person imported from abroad, female, 52 years old, was managed by closed loop immediately after entering the country, and had no self-activity track in Shaanxi Province. The nucleic acid test result was positive, and she was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group. At present, she is under medical observation in designated medical institutions.

Two asymptomatic infected persons imported from abroad, male, 29 years old, were managed in a closed loop immediately after entering the country. They had no track of their own activities in Shaanxi Province, and their nucleic acid test results were positive. They were diagnosed as asymptomatic infected persons in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group, and now they are under medical observation in designated medical institutions.

The asymptomatic infected person imported from abroad, 3 female, 44 years old, was managed by closed loop immediately after entering the country. She had no self-activity track in Shaanxi Province, and her nucleic acid test result was positive. She was diagnosed as asymptomatic infected person in COVID-19 by the municipal expert group, and now she is under medical observation in designated medical institutions.

(General Station reporter Chang Qing Cao Wei)

recent days

The police cracked a telecom fraud case.

The police handling the case went to Zhenyuan, Guizhou

Capture a criminal suspect

In this case,

A post-90 s girl

Play two roles behind the internet.

In the name of falling in love

Using WeChat to defraud others of more than 70,000 yuan.

Let’s have a look together.

this

Romantic story (xian) (jing)

Case review

one

Chat on WeChat and talk about "love objects"

Xiao Li (pseudonym), who lives in jianxi district, Luoyang, met Zhang Mohong, a local woman, online during her work in Guizhou from 2009 to 2012. In the past few years, the two only chatted through WeChat. One day in 2014, Zhang Mohong suddenly contacted Xiao Li and said that he was willing to introduce him to an object with good conditions. Xiao Li readily agreed.

Soon, Zhang’s red hair came to the contact information named "Yang Qianqian", and Xiao Li added "Yang Qianqian" as a WeChat friend. According to Zhang Mohong, "Yang Qianqian" claimed to be a flight attendant of an airline in China. Xiao Li had a good talk with her, and soon they developed into a "lover" relationship.

2

Borrowed more than 70,000 yuan one after another, but never met.

One day in May 2014, "Yang Qianqian" suddenly contacted Xiao Li, claiming that his ID card, visa, bank card and other important documents were lost, and it was necessary to reissue them. I hope Xiao Li can help. Enthusiastic Xiao Li has transferred 7500 yuan to the other party twice. In the next few years, "Yang Qianqian" asked Xiao Li for 30,000 yuan on the grounds that his relatives were seriously ill in hospital, and Xiao Li was satisfied.

Seeing that the two sides talked about "love" for several years, the woman was unwilling to meet Xiao Li once. In January, 2018, Xiao Li became suspicious of his "girlfriend". In order to appease Xiao Li, "Yang Qianqian" said that he was willing to visit him in Luoyang. Xiao Li, who was full of joy, got the news that "Yang Qianqian" suddenly went to kidney calculi on the way and was hospitalized in Zhengzhou a few days later, and he was transferred to travel expenses and medical expenses of 16,000 yuan. When Xiao Li rushed to a hospital in Zhengzhou to visit his girlfriend, his girlfriend sent him a message saying that he had been discharged from hospital and returned to Guizhou.

In the following period of time, Xiao Li, who was carried away by "love", went back and forth for "Yang Qianqian" for nearly 30,000 yuan.

three

Suspected of being cheated and decided to report the case, the police arrested the suspect across the province.

"Love" has not seen his girlfriend for many years. The more he thinks about it, the more wrong he is. Xiao Li found that he was probably cheated. On July 20 this year, Xiao Li chose to go to the Chongqing Road Police Station to report the case. The police quickly filed a case and conducted an investigation, and collected various clues to identify Zhang Mohong and "Yang Qianqian" as the same person. Subsequently, the police handling the case went to Zhenyuan, Guizhou Province to arrest Zhang Mohong and brought him back to Luoyang for investigation.

After interrogation, Zhang Mohong (born in 1993 in Guizhou) admitted the criminal fact of forging the identity of "Yang Qianqian" and defrauding Xiao Li in the name of falling in love. His fraudulent income has been squandered on tourism and consumption. At present, Zhang Mohong has been criminally detained by the police according to law.

Now in life

Marriage fraud is hard to prevent.

The variety is also more abundant.

Only the plot you can’t think of.

There is no script that a liar can’t make up.

What other means are there for marriage fraud?

Let the police take you to know.

Concealment of criminal mode

Both men and women contact each other through online dating websites, marriage advertisements and qq chats. Criminal suspects usually make up one or several pseudonyms to make up their identity background and economic situation, and their modus operandi is relatively concealed.

The reasons for cheating money are diversified.

After the criminal suspect contacted the victim, he paved the way with feelings first, and then defrauded money for various reasons. If you borrow money on the pretext of losing your wallet, running a company with poor cash flow, or being hospitalized with a loved one, it is nothing more than keeping an eye on the money in the victim’s pocket.

Criminal means are confusing.

The criminal suspect knows the victim’s eagerness to find a partner, and promotes "feelings" by telephone chat according to the pre-designed "speaking template" according to the information of the women seeking marriage; Some criminal gangs also play the roles of parents and brothers and sisters-in-law among several criminal suspects, thus diluting the victim’s defensive psychology.

In order to better protect themselves.

You need to do it

one

Be careful when making friends online, and don’t transfer money at will.

When using dating software such as WeChat and Momo, you must be careful to make friends, and you must never transfer money or remit money to people who have never met or are uncertain about their identity. Once you find that you have been cheated, please call the police in time and collect fixed evidence in order to recover the economic losses suffered faster.

2

Always stay awake and carefully identify the credibility of the other party’s words.

Don’t believe the words "don’t tell anyone" in the other person’s mouth. When you can’t make up your mind, you can ask your relatives or your trusted neighbors and friends for advice and discuss countermeasures. When you need to call the police, you must resolutely call the police.

three

Everything is solved through formal channels, and it is not easy to trust each other’s identity.

Everything should be solved through formal channels. Don’t trust the identity of other people’s public officials or elites, so as not to fall into the trap of fraudsters.

In many fraud cases, the first choice for criminals is public officials or social elites, because these people have stable income and decent jobs and are easy to gain the trust of the victims.

four

There may be something else that fell with the pie

It is necessary to overcome the greed mentality and dispel the idea of "making big money with small money", "eating small losses accounts for big gains" or "getting something for nothing". There is no such thing as a pie in the sky, so you should look after your money bag.

Whenever someone asks you to pay, you must be more careful, and you can’t easily take out your money and give it away. If you need to borrow money, you must ask the other party to write an iou.

Original title: "I was cheated by 70,000 people who fell in love with the" flight attendant "online for 6 years, and finally found out that she was …"

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CCTV News:On February 27th, the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau announced that up to now, all kinds of grain enterprises in China’s major grain producing areas have purchased nearly 150 million tons of autumn grain in 2023, with the acquisition progress of 75%.

In terms of varieties purchased, the purchase of mid-late indica rice exceeded 27 million tons, the cumulative purchase of japonica rice exceeded 30 million tons and the purchase of corn exceeded 84 million tons. At present, the purchase of autumn grain in Northeast China and North China is concentrated.

Recently, freezing rain and snow have occurred in many places in China. All localities and departments have improved their response plans, strengthened monitoring and early warning, and ensured the smooth operation of the grain market.

The reporter saw in jiayue, Tianjin COFCO, the largest edible oil processing base in northern China, that the cement silo group in the factory increased the storage capacity by 340,000 tons. Processing capacity is also improving, and the supply of peanut oil, corn oil, sunflower oil and other products that sell well in the market is increasing steadily.

The State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau said that it will keep a close eye on key areas, key varieties and key time periods, make overall plans for market-oriented acquisitions and policy-oriented acquisitions, ensure the smooth sales of surplus grain of farmers, and do a good job in monitoring and early warning, grain acquisition, reserve management and inventory delivery, so as to keep the bottom line of farmers’ "selling grain" and ensure adequate supply and stable operation of the domestic grain market.

Policy-based food supervision informationization realizes full coverage.

According to the latest release of the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau, a new supervision system for China’s grain purchase and sale reserves has been established, and the informationization of policy grain supervision has achieved full coverage.

Qian Yi, member of the party group and deputy director of the State Grain and Material Reserve Bureau, said that the core of the grain purchase, sale and reserve supervision system is the policy-based grain supervision information system. At present, the national grain and material reserve platform has collected more than 400 million pieces of grain purchase and sale data, and the data collection scope has expanded by 60%. The function of big data supervision has gradually emerged, providing a "clairvoyance" for grain purchase, sale and reserve supervision.

According to reports, through two years of construction, the three-level system framework of the new grain purchase and sale reserve supervision system has been completed, with the national platform for supervision and informationization in the field of grain purchase and sale as the core, the provincial platform and the central enterprise platform as the hub, and the grain depot information system as the foundation, realizing the remote real-time dynamic supervision of the whole process of purchase, sale and storage. The policy-based food supervision information system has realized "storing a picture of grain and supervising a network", and managing grain with human-machine collaboration with "big data".

Qian Yi said: "Information technologies such as the Internet of Things, cloud computing, big data, and mobile Internet will be applied in an orderly manner to the construction of food purchase, sale, and reserve supervision informationization, fully tap existing data resources, further strengthen comprehensive analysis and early warning capabilities, and continue to make good use of the supervision system to help the digital transformation of the grain industry."