标签： 松江大学城快餐服务

　　On December 30, 2011, the unveiling ceremony of SAIC’s "annual vehicle sales exceeding 4 million vehicles and overall listing" was held in Shanghai World Expo Center.

　　SAIC is the second listed company directly controlled by Shanghai State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission after Shanghai Port Group (600018).According to the goal set by the reform of state-owned enterprises in Shanghai, during the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, more than 90% of the municipal industrial groups in Shanghai will be listed as a whole or their core assets.

　　According to the overall listing plan of SAIC, the original SAIC group included 16 companies related to spare parts supply business, automobile service trade business and new energy automobile business, with a total estimated net assets of RMB 29,118,756,830.05, all of which entered the listed companies, achieving more than 99% assets listing.

　　In order to reflect the changes in the company’s assets and scale after the completion of the transaction, the abbreviation of Shanghai Automobile Company was changed to "SAIC", and the full name and securities code remained unchanged.

　　Through this reorganization, the parts business and service trade sector entered the new SAIC, which extended the business industrial chain of listed companies upstream and downstream. "This is to enable the company to open up new and broader profit space and enhance the medium and long-term competitiveness and risk resistance of listed companies." Gu Feng, chief financial officer of SAIC, said.

　　Wang Liusheng, a senior analyst of China Merchants Securities (600999), commented on this: "The Shanghai State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission is directly holding shares, and the mechanism of Shanghai’s automobile securitization rate will be more flexible."

　　As institutions are generally optimistic about SAIC’s overall prospects after listing, "Shanghai Auto" has shown an upward trend for two consecutive trading days. On December 30, 2011, Shanghai Auto closed at 14.14 yuan, up 1.87% on that day.

　　The reorganization of Shanghai Auto is the first step of Shanghai’s large-scale state-owned securitization plan. "SAIC’s model will become one of the reference templates for the overall listing of Shanghai state-owned assets in the future." An insider of Shanghai SASAC told reporters.

　　The overall listing of Shanghai Auto is very rapid. From the suspension of trading in February last year to the reorganization of the audit Committee meeting on August 2 last year, it took only half a year for SAIC to go public all day. Because of the outstanding achievements in restructuring, on December 20th last year, SAIC also won the typical M&A case award issued by Shanghai Stock Exchange.

　　There are three main modes of direct holding of state-owned assets in Shanghai. One mode is to hold the group’s "empty shell", that is, the group still retains its business, but all its business enters the listed company; Second, the state-owned platform controlled by state-owned assets controls listed companies; The third mode is the cancellation of the group, which is directly controlled by Shanghai SASAC. The third mode is adopted by SAIC. At present, SAIC has been "empty shell", and the assets of the group will be gradually handed over to the Shanghai State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and finally it will be truly de-collectivized.

　　"Relatively speaking, our assets are relatively clear and the parties to the integration plan are more acceptable." Gu Feng told reporters that there were not many technical problems in the whole listing process.

　　Profit focus: from vehicle manufacturing to service trade

　　"At the beginning of SAIC’s overall listing, three principles were determined, namely, integrating business, improving system and safeguarding shareholders’ rights and interests". Gu Feng revealed that a total of 16 companies entered the listed company this time, including independent parts supply business, automobile service trade business and new energy automobile related business.

　　"Before that, the focus of Shanghai Auto was mainly on the manufacturing link in the middle of the industrial chain. Through this restructuring, the parts business and service trade sectors have entered Shanghai Auto, which will extend the business industry chain of Shanghai Auto upstream and downstream, which will open up new and broader profit space for the company. " Gu Feng told reporters.

　　The service and trade department is a very important asset of the former SAIC, involving automobile sales, automobile finance, automobile rental, logistics, used car management and other business fields. Previously, it has been listed as an important part of core business and core competitiveness by SAIC in response to the transformation requirements of Shanghai and the development trend of the world automobile industry.

　　In 2010, the operating income of SAIC’s service trade business exceeded 40 billion yuan, an increase of 230% over the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan, a profit increase of 635%, and a return on net assets from 1.7% to 14%.

　　Shen Yin Wanguo’s latest report also pointed out that the profit of the service trade business injected this time was 1.1 billion yuan, accounting for only 6.7% of the total amount after the reorganization, and there is much room for growth in the future.

　　The key components of Huayu Automobile, such as drive motor, electric steering gear, electronic air conditioner, etc., will be injected into listed companies together, which will play a synergistic effect with the new energy businesses such as Jiexin and Jieneng under Shanghai Automobile. The new energy automobile business will be unified on the platform of Shanghai Automobile, which will help SAIC to integrate the key new energy technologies accumulated by the Group with the whole vehicle and parts business. After cultivation and development, it is expected to become a new profit growth point in the future.

　　How to supervise state-owned assets is the key to the market outlook.

　　As all the business of the Group entered the listed company, the company adjusted its administrative organization to meet the needs of the company’s operation and management after reorganization. The reporter learned that the adjusted administrative organization includes thirteen departments and three rooms. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of the company’s business development after reorganization, a new branch, Shanghai Automotive Group Co., Ltd. Training Center, was established, specializing in business-related training.

　　SAIC listed as a whole: SASAC took over the assets of the group.

　　The newly added functional departments are mainly Service Trade Division, Asset Management Department and Safety Supervision Department. At the same time, the personnel integration of SAIC is also in progress, waiting for the final approval of the board of directors and the shareholders’ meeting. The overall idea is that the leadership of the former SAIC and SAIC Motor will be merged into one.

　　In December 2006, SAIC Motor acquired the whole equity, key parts and auto finance assets of the group through private placement, and realized the first round of "whole listing" of SAIC Motor. Because Shanghai Automobile hopes to have a higher concentration of business, it chose the whole vehicle and parts closely related to the whole vehicle to go public. In August 2008, SAIC listed some of its spare parts assets by borrowing the bus shares of Shanghai Jiushi Holdings, and renamed it "Huayu Automobile" (600741.SH).

　　This overall listing, SAIC still retains the independence of Huayu Automobile, and the status of Huayu Automobile’s independent listing remains unchanged, but the shareholder has changed from the original SAIC to the new SAIC.

　　After SAIC went public as a whole, for SASAC, due to the direct management through SASAC or the platform company of SASAC, the intermediate links were reduced, and the shareholders’ equity income was also greater. In addition, as the largest vehicle manufacturer in China, the overall listing of Shanghai Automobile can also be used for reference by other state-owned automobile listed companies.

　　"For the SASAC, the identity has changed, from the original state-owned asset manager to the shareholder of the state-owned listed company. After the SASAC directly holds shares, how to abandon the inherent state-owned management model and manage it according to the modern enterprise system is still a topic worthy of study."The industry believes that. (Text/Yu Lingling)

　　Related reading:

　　SAIC invested another 22.2 billion yuan to develop its independent Chen Zhixin release strategy.
　　http://www.autohome.com.cn/industry/201108/235859.html

　　Original title: online shopping "red onion", after eating it, it is hallucinogenic and enters the ICU. Experts remind: toxic fungi should be eaten carefully, and improper cooking will lead to poisoning.　

　　In summer, it’s time to eat mushrooms again. Delicious mushrooms attract the attention of many diners, but there are many kinds of mushrooms, some of which are even toxic. Boletus lanmao, commonly known as scallion, is a famous kind of toxic mushrooms. With the development of online shopping, red onion began to be sold to a wider area, and some people who were not familiar with this fungus bought it to eat, which triggered a poisoning incident. Recently, a netizen was poisoned by red onion and was sent to ICU for two days of hemodialysis before he recovered slowly. Experts say that hallucinations caused by the poisoning of bacteria such as scallion are only a few cases, and more are caused by headaches, nausea and gastroenteritis, which seriously affect work and life, and it is not clear whether there is long-term damage, which is not a "fun" thing. Yang Zhuliang, an expert from Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said that in the latest edition of Yunnan Common Poisonous Mushrooms (Poisonous Mushrooms) 2022, red onions have been included in the category of poisonous mushrooms, and it is recommended that they should not be collected, purchased, processed or eaten!

　　A rescue caused by greed

　　Out of curiosity, I bought shallots online, but I didn’t feel "amazing" after eating them for two days.

　　On June 23, 2022, Xiaohong (pseudonym) was completely awake the next day after eating red onion poisoning. Lying in the hospital bed, she found that her memory was blank for several days, and it was only by constantly capturing memories that she pieced together the poisoning experience.

　　Wild mushrooms in Yunnan have been listed in large quantities recently. When she was playing social software, she saw big data pushing related content. Xiaohong’s family is in Jiangxi, where she doesn’t produce red onions. She only knows that red onions are "green" and belong to a kind of boletus. I heard that they taste particularly good and are the best mushrooms in Yunnan. The merchant put white onion and red onion on a link. She asked the merchant what mushrooms are delicious now. The merchant said that red onion is a little poisonous, but white onion is not poisonous, but the taste of red onion will be better.

　　On June 17, 2022, she placed an order for two pounds of red onions on the online shopping platform, and the merchant gave a cooking instruction, telling that it would be no problem to cook for more than 15 minutes. At noon on the 18th, she received the goods. The newly acquired fungus was still a little icy, big and fresh. She was particularly proud at that time and felt that she was good at picking, so she bought a good fungus the first time.

　　At about 5 pm on June 18th, she sliced the red onion according to the strategy, prepared a lot of garlic slices and dried peppers, stir-fried them in a pot for 10 minutes, and then boiled them in water. She was a little scared and deliberately cooked for more than 10 minutes, and the total processing time was 26 to 30 minutes. When she ate it, she thought it tasted ok, but "it didn’t have that amazing taste."

　　After eating on the 18th, there was nothing wrong until the afternoon of the 19th, so she did it again in the same way. Because there was a lot of oil left when the fungus was oiled for the first time, she asked the shopkeeper if it could be used. The shopkeeper said that the oil was not toxic and the oil after the fungus was fresher, so she fried and cooked the onion with the previous oil and new oil, and the cooking time was more than 25 minutes.

　　After being poisoned, he was sent to ICU, and his memory was all blank.

　　Not long after coming to work in the company the next day, she felt dizzy and sent a message to her lover saying that she might be poisoned. The messages sent afterwards were all typos. She ate red onions with her lover, who was fine. After seeing the news, she rushed over and took her to the hospital around 11 o’clock. As soon as she entered the hospital, she was rushed to the emergency room for rescue, and was pushed out by the nurse wearing an oxygen mask and hanging a drip at one or two in the afternoon. Only when her lover asked did she know that she was really poisoned and had been asking the doctor to see the "villain".

　　Considering her large consumption and long poisoning time, the doctor decided to adopt hemodialysis treatment. At 6 o’clock that evening, she was pushed into the operating room again, and she didn’t leave the operating room until around 10: 30. "My memory was all blank during this time, and the real memory was at noon on June 21."

　　Xiaohong’s lover said that on the 20th, his wife vomited from morning till night, and she was unconscious, and she also had symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, stomach cramps and colic. Once he was talking to a doctor, Xiaohong reached for the "little man" and dropped the needle on himself. When he came back, he saw that the ground was covered with blood. At that time, Xiaohong’s temper became very violent. "Usually she is very gentle. At the moment she woke up, she found that she had a lot of pipes and needles inserted in her body, so she pulled them all down rudely."

　　At this time, Xiaohong’s illusion has not disappeared. Many murals and short videos can be seen around curtains and beds, and many cartoon characters look at her through the ceiling and windowsill. She felt very novel and told these things to her family. After Xiaohong’s poisoning, she also showed the symptoms of mydriasis, with serious cross-eyed eyes and double vision. On the afternoon of the 21st, she was pushed to the ICU for the second dialysis, and then her hallucination weakened a little. After dialysis for the third time on the afternoon of the 22nd, the hallucinations and ghosts slowly disappeared.

　　After leaving the hospital, Xiaohong felt weaker than before, weaker in qi and blood, and more likely to feel sleepy. As long as she hears the name of this mushroom, she will feel sick involuntarily. She once communicated with the merchants about the poisoning problem, and the merchants claimed that her practice was wrong. Because the merchant did warn the red onion beforehand that it was poisonous, she did it completely according to the method said by the merchant, but she was poisoned. I wonder if the merchant should be responsible for it.

　　What exactly is "red onion"

　　In 2016, it was discovered that it is an endemic species in China, and its smell is close to that of onion.

　　Liu Junjie, a doctoral student in ecology at Guangxi University, saw Xiaohong’s photo of red onion and quickly determined its species: Boletus lanmao. He told reporters that Boletus lanmao belongs to a kind of "seeing hands", and red onion is its common name. People used to think that Boletus lanmao was a two-color boletus from America. Later, the team of Yang Zhuliang, a researcher at Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences and a famous mushroom expert, discovered that it was a new genus and new species in China. In 2016, it was published as a new genus and new species under the name of Lanmao, in memory of Lanmao, the name of Boletus and the author of Herbal Medicine in Southern Yunnan in the Ming Dynasty.

　　The origin of the name "Seeing Hand Green" is that once its thallus is touched, the juice secreted by the pressed contact surface will be oxidized to cyan. In fact, the bacteria not only secrete cyan juice, but also change into powder, yellow, red, purple and black. It is difficult for ordinary people to distinguish their exact species, so they are called red hand, white hand, purple hand and pink hand according to their colors. The light-colored and red Saussurea involucrata, which have the largest harvest, are collectively referred to as onion bacteria by local people, and are divided into two categories: white onion bacteria (light-colored Saussurea involucrata) and red onion bacteria (red Saussurea involucrata). The origin of their names is also very simple-the smell emitted by these bacteria is close to that of onions.

　　In fact, the red hand also includes several kinds of boletus, and Boletus lanmao is one of them. There are many kinds of gymnosperms, and not all of them are toxic. However, it is well known that Boletus lanmao is toxic.

　　Can "red onion" be eaten after all?

　　The mechanism of poisoning is not clear, and toxins may cause damage to internal organs.

　　Yang Zhuliang told Zi Niu news reporter that Boletus lanmao has been sold in the wild mushroom markets all over Yunnan for generations. Among the wild mushrooms such as Boletus, it is the most expensive one. Locals like to buy, cook and eat, and feel good. Taste good. "But according to our years of research, it is found to be toxic, especially for some susceptible people. If it is not cooked properly, it will lead to poisoning after eating."

　　How to eat red onion without poisoning? In fact, Yunnan locals are not clear. Some people say that garlic frying can detoxify, and some people say that onion frying can poison. Liu Junjie thinks that there is no scientific basis.

　　Poisoning by boletus lanmao may lead to hallucinations such as "seeing a villain", which makes some people feel funny and even eat it in pursuit of "seeing a villain". This behavior is extremely undesirable. Like many poisonous mushrooms, different people may have different reactions after eating them. Some people are fine, and some people may have big problems.

　　Eating red onions without symptoms of poisoning does not mean that its toxins disappeared during cooking and processing. Yang Zhuliang said: "According to our investigation for many years, there is a phenomenon that most people want to make it convenient to eat the leftover red onion dishes before the next time. Put them in the microwave oven for 30 seconds to 1 minute and then eat them, which often leads to poisoning."

　　Liu Junjie pointed out that there is still a lack of in-depth research on the toxin of red onion, and the specific poisoning mechanism is still unclear. In fact, the illusion of "seeing a villain" caused by eating red onion poisoning is only a few. Its toxin may cause damage to liver, kidney and other internal organs, and more often lead to headaches, nausea, gastroenteritis, vomiting and diarrhea, which seriously affects work and life.

　　Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences has published a multi-edition illustrated edition of Common Poisonous Bacteria (Poisonous Mushrooms) in Yunnan. Yang Zhuliang told reporters that in the latest edition of Yunnan Common Poisonous Mushrooms (Poisonous Mushrooms) 2022, red onions have been included in the category of poisonous mushrooms, and it is recommended not to pick, purchase, process or eat. "I hope to attract everyone’s attention."

　　The best depth media of Zi Niu Tau Tiao Zi Niu News reporter Song Shifeng

　　Zhongxin. com Sichuan News, December 21st On the evening of 21st, the opening ceremony of the 19th mutton food cultural tourism season in Jianyang, hosted by CPC Jianyang Municipal Committee and jianyang city Municipal People’s Government, and hosted by jianyang city Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau and jianyang city Wenlv Industry Development Service Center, was held in Donglai Impression Square, jianyang city.

Opening ceremony (Photo courtesy of jianyang city Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau)

　　At the opening ceremony, an ancient traditional ceremony with a strong sense of ceremony, Xiongzhou Ceremony, kicked off. Dancers dressed in traditional costumes combined with the grand momentum of China drums performed the ceremony. Jianyang’s 19th mutton food cultural tourism season strategy was launched in the whole city at the opening ceremony. The strategy takes the form of animation, leading everyone from Chengdu to Jianyang by self-driving and motor train, and then starting a one-day food tour. In this mutton food culture tourism season, Luo Xiaogang, Fei Ge, Bao Er Ye, Lan Mei and other local celebrities who are representative of food tourism were also hired as "Jianyang food culture tourism recommenders". The recommender will recommend many Jianyang cuisines, show the "Raiders" video posted on my new media social account, like the number of messages, etc., and the live PK is very lively.

Opening ceremony (Photo courtesy of jianyang city Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau)

　　Finally, with the enthusiastic performance of "Welcome to Jianyang", the leaders and guests at the scene lit up the starting device and lit up the impression of Donglai (Jianyang Cultural and Sports Center). The 19th mutton food cultural tourism season in Jianyang was officially launched.

Beautiful view of Jianyang city (courtesy of jianyang city Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau)

　　It is reported that the "Wenlv Huimin Changyou Voucher" issued by Jianyang (hereinafter referred to as "Huimin Voucher") totals 500,000 yuan, and the issuing time is from December 21, 2022 to January 31, 2023. Users can collect it on the homepage of "Jianyang Publishing" in WeChat official account and check the information of participating businesses. It is reported that there are more than 6,000 Huimin vouchers in 300 yuan, 200 yuan, 100 yuan and 50 yuan, which are distributed daily on a first-come-first-served basis. Huimin coupon is valid from December 21st, 2022 to January 31st, 2023, and can be shared with other platform activities and other offers.

　　If "mutton soup" is a golden signboard in Jianyang, the mutton food culture tourism season is a magic weapon to attract guests in Jianyang. In the mutton food culture tourism season, we should do enough "sheep" articles, and through the combination of online and offline, we can cut in from six latitudes: eating, living, traveling, traveling, shopping and entertainment, so as to stimulate consumption, encourage businesses, realize drainage and increase income. It can not only accelerate the recovery of Jianyang tourism market and promote consumption, but also further enhance the attraction, supply and competitiveness of Jianyang cultural tourism.

Jianyang Mutton Soup (Photo courtesy of jianyang city Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau)

　　When the opening ceremony of the 19th mutton food cultural tourism season in Jianyang was successfully concluded, the music was melodious and the lights were bright, and restaurants along the way were crowded and business was booming … … Bowls of steaming mutton soup bear Jianyang’s yearning for romance and poetry, as well as the daily life of Jianyang citizens.

　　Looking back on the "Thirteenth Five-Year Plan" just passed, the GDP of Jianyang has reached 50 billion yuan, and the local general public budget revenue has exceeded 3 billion yuan. It has been rated as a county (city, district) with strong county economic development in Sichuan Province for two consecutive years, and the comprehensive competitiveness of county economy has entered the top 100 counties (cities) in China. Jianyang is located on the "main axis" of Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle. In Sichuan Province, Jianyang is directly radiated by Tianfu New District and Chengdu East New District, and it is also the key link in the development of Chengdu-Germany Meizi’s urbanization … … All these will inevitably promote the transformation of Jianyang’s next "five-year" urban development. In 2022, people who came to Jianyang because of this bowl of mutton soup have happily felt this change. In 2022, in the crucial year of the implementation of the 14th Five-Year Plan, Jianyang is striding forward towards the goal of airport Jianyang, strength Jianyang, livable Jianyang, vitality Jianyang and happiness Jianyang. "Five new Jianyang" are taking off in the butterfly.

　　If you can’t grow hair, you will get sick.

　　Recently, 28-year-old programmer Xiao Wang

　　Due to discomfort after taking germinal pill.

　　Going to the hospital was actually diagnosed as

　　Severe drug-induced liver injury

　　Guiding experts:

　　Luo Ying, attending professor, deputy chief physician, master of medicine, attending physician of cosmetic dermatology, Dermatology Hospital of Southern Medical University.

　　With the acceleration of social rhythm, the increase of pressure and the change of living environment, hair loss has become a worry for most young people.

　　Xiao Wang, a 28-year-old programmer from Dachang, failed in all kinds of hair growth methods. By chance, when he browsed social networking sites, he found that a certain brand germinal pill received a lot of praise and immediately placed an order.

　　After taking the medicine for 3 weeks, Xiao Wang’s hair loss has not changed, but he also has symptoms such as yellow skin, yellow urine, itching all over the body, poor appetite, shortness of breath and fatigue.

　　Xiao Wang rushed to the doctor and was diagnosed with severe drug-induced liver injury. Doctors said that the main component of germinal pill was Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, which was hepatotoxic.

　　Why can’t germinal pill grow hair?

　　At present, the main ingredient of germinal pill sold in the market is Polygonum multiflorum Thunb, supplemented by black sesame seeds, black beans and other ingredients as pills. Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. belongs to the category of blood tonic medicine of traditional Chinese medicine, and its main functions are nourishing essence and blood, moistening intestines, detoxicating and stopping malaria.

　　According to the regulations, the daily dosage of raw Polygonum multiflorum in health food should not exceed 1.5 grams, and the daily dosage of prepared Polygonum multiflorum should not exceed 3.0 grams.

　　Polygonum multiflorum Thunb contains anthraquinones such as emodin, chrysophanol and emodin methyl ether, which can also cause certain damage to liver cells. Therefore, patients with liver dysfunction should use drugs carefully and reasonably under the guidance of doctors to avoid aggravating liver damage (hereinafter referred to as liver damage).

　　Medical liver damage is a common adverse drug reaction. About 20% of the cases of liver damage caused by Polygonum multiflorum Thunb and related preparations have a dosage exceeding that specified in the instructions or pharmacopoeia, which may greatly increase the risk of liver damage of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

　　In addition, the liver injury caused by Polygonum multiflorum Thunb is also related to the organism factors, which has the characteristics of sporadic, hidden, individual differences and unpredictable, so it is difficult for ordinary consumers to scientifically and accurately assess and avoid the safety risk of Polygonum multiflorum Thunb.

　　In addition, the ingredients of most germinal pill in the market are not clear enough, and taking too much black sesame seeds and black beans for a long time may even lead to the risk of gaining weight. Therefore, the general public should use drugs with caution, and if they must be used, they should be carried out under the guidance of professional doctors.

　　Drugs are like a double-edged sword. Rational use can cure diseases, while improper use will endanger health. It is a three-point poison, and many drugs on the market are hepatotoxic.

　　The liver is the most important organ for metabolism and detoxification in human body. If drugs enter the human body, it is the liver that is the first to be damaged.

　　In a hit variety show, the famous hostess ate at least nine different types of health care products in just half a minute, including whitening oral liquid, donkey-hide gelatin and grape seed … Little did she know that taking too many health care products could also lead to liver damage.

　　As a dietary supplement, health care products can achieve good results when the body can’t meet the needs. If the body is not lacking, blindly supplementing will increase the burden of liver metabolism and liver damage will follow.

　　Drug-induced liver injury can not be ignored.

　　A team of scientists from China published a paper online in the international academic journal Gastroenterology, saying that a study of 25,927 patients with drug-induced liver injury in 308 hospitals in Chinese mainland found that the incidence of drug-induced liver injury in China has now surpassed that in western countries, and it is estimated that the annual incidence rate is at least 238.0/100,000. Researchers believe that drug-induced liver injury has become one of the problems that cannot be ignored in China.

　　Further analysis of patient data, the researchers found that Chinese herbal medicine and health care products accounted for the highest proportion of drugs causing liver injury, reaching 26.81%.

　　In western countries, anti-infective drugs are the main cause of drug-induced liver injury. According to the author, the use of Chinese herbal medicines, health products and dietary supplements is increasing all over the world, especially in China.

　　A large part of Chinese prefers to use traditional Chinese medicine, because they mistakenly believe that these drugs have little or no side effects.

　　Drug-induced liver injury is one of the most common adverse drug reactions in clinic, which can lead to liver failure and even death in severe cases. In this study, the researchers found that there were 280 cases of liver failure, 2 cases of liver transplantation and 102 cases of death.

　　Especially for patients with liver diseases, they have already suffered from liver injury. If you choose the wrong drugs for treatment, it will definitely increase the burden on the liver, resulting in liver treatment and liver injury.

　　How to grow hair correctly

　　So, how do we grow hair correctly?

　　First of all, you can try dietotherapy to achieve a balanced diet. Usually, you can eat more foods rich in high-quality protein, vitamins and trace elements, such as fish, eggs, milk, bean products, vegetables and fruits.

　　Secondly, it is necessary to regulate nerves and reduce the influence of mental factors. Excessive stress and frequent staying up late have a great influence on hair growth, so patients with hair loss must ensure a good attitude and adequate sleep to avoid emotional tension, anxiety and irritability, which is conducive to the healthy growth of hair.

　　Finally, local massage can be used. Local massage can promote blood circulation of scalp, improve blood supply to hair follicles, and be beneficial to hair growth. You can massage your scalp by hand or gently comb your hair with a horn comb every day to promote blood circulation in your head.

　　In addition, choose the right hair care products. Don’t wash your hair too often, 2-3 times a week. If there is more oil, the frequency of washing your hair can be increased to once a day.

　　It is recommended to treat hair gently when washing and protecting, and it is not advisable to rub hair and scalp vigorously when washing hair. Choose a suitable water temperature, not too cold or too hot. The water flow can make the head skin feel warm. If it is too hot, it will cause harm to the scalp and hair. Hair conditioner can be used if it is long hair or curly hair after dyeing, but it should not touch the scalp.

　　Women should not sew separately in the same position for a long time, or comb too tight ponytails, curls or braids for a long time, so as not to cause traction baldness. Hair dyeing, perm and other styling should not be too frequent, and it is best to have an interval of more than 3 months.

　　If you need medication, or want to know more about medication, you can consult a doctor or pharmacist and use drugs rationally under their guidance.

　　Transferred from: Guangzhou Health and Health Commission

Source: Jingshi Health Home

　　　　China Daily News Global Online News: Perhaps many people don’t know about silver snapper, and perhaps there will never be a movement to protect silver snapper in the world, because this ugly fish really doesn’t like people. However, after discovering an extremely rare albino silver shark, scientists feel that it is time to popularize scientific knowledge related to silver shark to the public.

　　　　Rare albino silver snapper (American media picture)

　　　　According to American media reports, on a cold day with drizzle last year, students from the University of Washington in the United States stumbled upon this silver shark while conducting a survey of marine resources. Recently, this silver shark was officially unveiled.

　　　　It is reported that at that time, a lot of silverfish were caught in a net thrown into the sea. Among those dark brown silverfish, Jon, a doctoral student of the school, suddenly found this albino silverfish, which was as pure as a pearl.

　　　　Jon and his classmates were very surprised. He said, "Everyone started cheering and clapping. This is the most exciting thing for us."

　　　　This silver shark is a female, with a length of 1 foot (about 30 cm). It is estimated that its "age" is about 2 to 3 years old, and it belongs to the "child" in the silver shark world.

　　　　Ted, a fish professor at the University of Washington, said that in his 40-year career, he had never seen an albino silver shark. This albinism is rare in the underwater world.

　　　　It is reported that silver mackerel is a cartilaginous fish separated from the ancestors of mackerel, and it is still known as a "living fossil". Generally speaking, silver-gray or dark brown, with a slightly dark gray back and a silvery white abdomen, are mainly distributed in tropical and temperate deep-sea areas of the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, and usually live on the bottom of the deep sea.

　　　　In addition to this silver shark, there are many albino animals in the world that have attracted people’s extensive attention. In May this year, a British woman found a rare albino kangaroo in a rural area of olney, Buckinghamshire. It is reported that the probability of albinism in kangaroos is about one in one hundred thousand.

　　　　In January 2006, a rare albino two-headed snake was auctioned at the World Aquarium in St. Louis, USA. With two heads and two mouths, this albino snake has always been a "star animal" in the aquarium.

　　　　In November, 2003, Snowflake, the only albino orangutan known in the world, died in Barcelona Zoo, Spain. It suffered from skin cancer and was finally euthanized by the veterinarian because of its deterioration. "Snowflake" was deeply loved by people before his death, and the Spanish were very sad for its departure. (Zhang Chunyan Editor: Xia Ya)

　　

Editor: Fan Jing

CCTV News:According to the website of China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission on the 5th, in order to further deepen the structural reform of the financial supply side, strengthen the supervision of insurance asset management companies, and promote the high-quality development of the insurance asset management industry, China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission revised the Interim Provisions on the Management of Insurance Asset Management Companies (Order No.2 [2004] of the China Insurance Regulatory Commission) and solicited opinions and suggestions from relevant parties and the public, thus forming the Regulations on the Management of Insurance Asset Management Companies (hereinafter referred to as the Regulations), which is now officially released.

There are 7 chapters and 85 articles in the Regulations, the main contents of which are as follows: First, a special chapter on corporate governance is added. Combined with the supervision practice in recent years, the requirements are clarified from the aspects of overall requirements, shareholders’ obligations, incentive and restraint mechanism, the operation of shareholders’ meeting and board of directors and supervisors, the establishment of professional committees, the system of independent directors, the chief risk management executive and the part-time job of senior management, etc., so as to enhance the independence of insurance asset management companies and comprehensively strengthen the institutional constraints of corporate governance supervision. Second, take risk management as a special chapter, and comprehensively supplement it from the aspects of risk management system, risk management requirements, internal control audit, subsidiary risk management, related party transaction management, employee management, risk reserve, emergency management, etc., and strive to enhance the risk management ability of insurance asset management companies and effectively safeguard the safety of long-term funds such as insurance funds. The third is to optimize the design of equity structure. Implement the decision-making and deployment of the State Council Financial Committee to expand opening to the outside world, treat the shareholders of insurance asset management companies at home and abroad equally, and cancel the upper limit of foreign shareholding ratio. In addition, the conditions for all types of shareholders are clearly defined and set, and the management of shareholders of non-financial enterprises is strict. The fourth is to optimize the operating principles and related requirements. Refine the business scope of insurance asset management companies, increase the basic principles of entrusted management of various funds, clearly require the establishment of custody mechanism, improve asset independence and prohibit debt offset, prohibit channel business, and make provisions on sales management and prudent operation. The fifth is to supplement regulatory means and violations. Added the contents of hierarchical supervision, information disclosure, major event report, etc.It has enriched the methods and measures of supervision and inspection, and increased the contents of illegal file records, professional institutions’ illegal responsibilities, financial status monitoring and self-discipline management.

The Regulation is an important measure to implement the spirit of the CPC Central Committee the State Council on deepening the structural reform of the financial supply side and expanding the decision-making arrangements for opening to the outside world. It has comprehensively considered the existing problems in the current development of insurance asset management companies and the development direction in the future, formed a relatively complete institutional supervision system framework with more distinctive features, and provided space for the market-oriented operation and differentiated development of insurance asset management companies. It is conducive to guiding and promoting the standardized operation and high-quality development of insurance asset management companies, better meeting the needs of maintaining and increasing the value of long-term funds such as insurance funds, and cultivating more stable institutional investors for the stable and healthy operation of the capital market and the high-quality development of the real economy.

Attachment: Provisions on the Administration of Insurance Asset Management Companies

　　Without the consent of the guardian, no "medical beauty" service shall be provided to minors; Network products and services should have "anti-addiction" function; Schools should prevent and control school bullying … … The 45th meeting of the Standing Committee of the 15th Municipal People’s Congress held this morning conducted the first trial of the Regulations of Beijing Municipality on the Protection of Minors (Revised Draft). The reporter noted that the relevant provisions of the revised draft responded to hot issues such as school bullying, Internet addiction and minors’ "medical beauty", which are highly concerned by the society.

　　Encourage schools to open sports facilities to non-school minors free of charge or at preferential prices in winter and summer vacations.

　　In order to make children develop in a balanced way, the revised draft proposes that schools should implement the national and municipal regulations on reducing the excessive study burden of underage students, cooperate with guardians of underage students, reasonably arrange students’ study time, and ensure their time for rest, entertainment, physical exercise and social practice. Moreover, schools should also carry out education and teaching activities according to the education and teaching content and curriculum set by the education department of the State Council, and should not increase the teaching content without authorization. If it is really necessary to incorporate all kinds of thematic education and publicity activities for underage students into the teaching content, they should comply with the provisions of relevant laws and regulations and adapt to the students’ age, physical and mental development stage and cognitive characteristics.

　　In order to avoid or reduce the psychological problems of minors, the school will prescribe "psychological prescriptions" for students. The revised draft proposes that schools should be equipped with full-time or part-time mental health education teachers in accordance with regulations to carry out mental health education. Conditional schools can set up psychological counseling rooms to provide daily psychological counseling and consultation for underage students; We can also cooperate with professional mental health institutions and social work institutions to establish a screening and early intervention mechanism for students’ mental health problems to prevent and solve students’ psychological and behavioral abnormalities.

　　The revised draft also proposes that schools should improve the management system to ensure that underage students use the school’s sports venues and facilities to carry out physical exercise during recess and after class; School sports facilities shall be open to students of our school free of charge or at preferential rates on national statutory holidays, rest days and cold and summer holidays. In addition, the District People’s Government should take measures to encourage and support qualified schools to open the school sports facilities to non-school minors free of charge or with preferential treatment on national statutory holidays, rest days and summer and winter holidays.

　　Do not provide tattoo services to minors.

　　"Without the consent of the guardian of the minor, medical beauty services shall not be provided to the minor." The revised draft puts forward new requirements for minors to "medical beauty". Offenders will be ordered to correct by the health department, given a warning, and fined between 10,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan; Refuses to correct or causes serious consequences, the directly responsible person in charge and other directly responsible personnel shall be given or ordered to be given the punishment of demotion or dismissal, and the relevant medical personnel may be ordered to suspend their practice activities for more than one month and less than six months.

　　Tattoo service is not allowed for minors. The revised draft proposes that offenders will be ordered by the market supervision and management department to make corrections, given a warning, confiscated illegal income, and fined between 10,000 yuan and 50,000 yuan; Refuses to correct or cause serious consequences, shall be ordered to suspend business for rectification, and may be fined not less than 50,000 yuan but not more than 500,000 yuan.

　　Script killing and escape from the secret room shall not be open to minors on "school day"

　　In recent years, script killing and escape from the secret room, which are popular among young people, also put forward corresponding restrictions on minors. The revised draft proposes that the script used in the script entertainment business premises should be provided with age-appropriate tips, indicating the age-appropriate range; If the set scene is not suitable for minors, minors shall not be allowed to enter; Except for national statutory holidays, rest days and summer and winter holidays, no scripted entertainment activities may be provided to minors.

　　In addition, except for national statutory holidays, entertainment venues are not allowed to provide electronic game equipment to minors. Selling electronic cigarettes, lottery tickets or paying lottery prizes to minors is also not allowed.

　　Network products and services should have the function of "anti-addiction"

　　In order to make minors’ safety and health "touch the net", the revised draft proposes that network products and service providers should establish a complaint and report system, disclose the ways of complaint and report to the public, and accept and handle complaints and reports involving minors in a timely manner. At the same time, we should also establish an audit system for the production and dissemination of network information, and take necessary measures if it is found that there are illegal and criminal acts against minors that may affect or endanger their physical and mental health or use the network.

　　"Anti-addiction" has also been written into the provisions of the revised draft. Internet product and service providers shall establish an anti-addiction system, set up corresponding management functions for minors to use their products and services, and shall not provide minors with products and services that induce their addiction. In order to protect children’s privacy, we should also establish a personal information protection system for minors to protect personal information such as private information of minors according to law.

　　"Prevention and Control of school bullying" was written into the revised draft

　　In order to ensure campus safety to the greatest extent, the reporter noted that "prevention and control of school bullying" was written into the revised draft.

　　The revised draft specifically proposes that schools and kindergartens should safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of underage students and children at school and in the park. For example, schools and kindergartens should prevent and control school bullying; Prevention, intervention and correction of bad behavior and serious bad behavior; Prevent and deal with sexual assault, sexual harassment and other acts that infringe on the physical and mental health of minors.

　　In addition, the public security organs can guide and supervise schools and kindergartens to fulfill their safety management obligations by means of admission guidance and police patrols, and maintain the security order around schools and kindergartens according to law.

　　Relying on 12345 to establish "minors protection hotline"

　　There will be a hotline for the protection of minors in this city. According to the revised draft, the city relies on the 12345 citizen service hotline to establish a hotline for the protection of minors, and set up special staff to be responsible for accepting and referring reports, complaints and reports that infringe on the legitimate rights and interests of minors, collecting opinions and suggestions, and providing advice and help on the protection of minors; Special staff should be familiar with the physical and mental characteristics of minors and receive special training on a regular basis. In addition, the city will also rely on the 12355 youth psychological and legal service hotline to provide psychological health, legal rights protection and other consulting services for minors.

　　Government departments will formulate "Guidelines on Family Guardianship" to provide educational guidance.

　　The revised draft proposes that the municipal civil affairs department may, in conjunction with education, health, public security, online information and other departments and relevant group organizations, formulate family guardianship guidelines and announce them to the public in accordance with relevant regulations, so as to provide guidance for guardians of minors to perform their guardianship duties.

　　In addition, the municipal and district people’s governments should also provide family education guidance services. For example, family education guidance books can be compiled or adopted in combination with the actual situation in the region; Or build a family education information sharing service platform, set up public welfare online parent schools and online courses, open a service hotline, and provide online family education guidance services; Or determine the family education guidance institution according to law, and provide services to families in need in time.

　　Guardians of minors should accept family education guidance, actively participate in family education guidance activities carried out by family education guidance institutions, schools and communities, and improve their family education ability.

On August 31st, the Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) of Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone was established and the first member representative meeting was held ceremoniously. 90 representatives attended the meeting. Liang Rong, Vice Chairman of Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce, Secretary of Political and Legal Committee of Jincheng Municipal Committee, Shi Yunfeng of United Front Work Department, Fan Zhaosen of Standing Committee of Jincheng Municipal Committee, Secretary of Party Working Committee of Development Zone, Director of Management Committee, Wang Zhiqiang, Executive Vice Minister of United Front Work Department of Municipal Committee, Li Lingzhi, Vice Minister of United Front Work Department of Municipal Committee, Party Secretary of Federation of Industry and Commerce, and Cheng Gangqiang, Chairman of Municipal Federation of Industry and Commerce attended. Jiao Yong, chairman of the Municipal Association for Science and Technology, attended the meeting to congratulate on behalf of the city’s group departments.

The meeting elected the leading group of the first Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce, and Zhao Yonghong, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee, was elected as the chairman of the first executive committee of the Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) and made a work report.

The meeting adopted a resolution on the Work Report of the First Executive Committee of the Industry and Commerce Federation (General Chamber of Commerce) of Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone, and issued an initiative to "meet challenges, seize opportunities, promote development, and write a new chapter in the high-quality development of the private economy in the development zone".

At the meeting, Liang Rong pointed out in his speech that the establishment of the Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) in Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone is a happy event and a major event. It is ahead of the provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce system and a concrete practice and powerful measure for the Jincheng Municipal Committee and the Party Working Committee of the Development Zone to implement the "Several Opinions on Supporting the Development of Private Economy" in our province. Standing at a new starting point, the Federation of Industry and Commerce in the Development Zone should closely focus on the strategic development opportunity of our province to build a demonstration zone for comprehensive transformation, a vanguard of energy revolution and a new highland for opening to the outside world, focus on the requirements of Shanxi’s "six innovations", 14 industrial clusters and the goal of "four for four highs and two synchronizations" of the provincial party Committee, strengthen political construction, and build the Federation of Industry and Commerce into the main position of ideal and belief education for the majority of private entrepreneurs; Make every effort to build a platform, be a good staff assistant to the party Committee and government, and serve as a bridge with the majority of non-public economic people; Broadly gather strength and unite entrepreneurs to contribute to the development of Jincheng and win glory.

In his speech, Fan Zhaosen stressed that it is necessary to "listen to the Party and follow it", pay attention to uniting, guiding, helping and educating the broad masses of non-public economic people to strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two maintenances", and actively participate in the tide of reform, innovation and development of the development zone; Efforts should be made to create a warm home that is most beneficial to entrepreneurs, adhere to the establishment of service associations, give priority to supporting private enterprises to take the lead in transformation and development, and strive to provide more targeted and effective services for enterprises; In order to create a new image of entrepreneurs in the development zone on the "six new" track, the Federation of Industry and Commerce should strengthen team building, actively provide enterprises with a platform for learning and exchange, enhancing friendship, starting businesses and seeking common development, and entrepreneurs should consciously keep promises and value credibility to establish a new image of entrepreneurs.

In his speech, Cheng Gangqiang demanded that the convening of the meeting marked that Jincheng took the lead in completing the organization and establishment of the Federation of Industry and Commerce in eleven cities and five national development zones in the province. In the new era and new mission, the development zone Federation of Industry and Commerce should strengthen its own construction and integrate the purpose of "building the meeting politically, uniting the meeting, serving the meeting and strengthening the meeting through reform" into its daily work; We should do a good job in building the membership team and improve the cohesion, attraction and execution of the Federation of Industry and Commerce. We should educate and guide the broad masses of people in the non-public sector of the economy, strengthen Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s belief, enhance trust in the Party and the government, and have confidence in the development of enterprises, so as to strive to be excellent builders of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause.

The meeting held that the establishment of the Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) in Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone is of great significance and positive significance for mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of non-public enterprises, condensing the Federation of Industry and Commerce and private enterprises into a group with common interests, promoting mutual cooperation among enterprises, promoting Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone to implement the requirements of the "four acts" of the provincial party Committee, achieving strategic breakthroughs, and taking the lead in forging a new path of transformation and development.

The meeting stressed that the majority of non-public economic people in the region should take politics as the soul and strive to be the defenders of firm and correct political direction, strive to be the leaders of high-quality transformation and development with hard work as the first priority, strive to be the practitioners of honest management according to law with law as the basis, and strive to be the pioneers to promote the cause of the Federation of Industry and Commerce with responsibility as the most important, and strive to write a new chapter in the high-quality development of the private economy in the development zone!

The meeting called for taking the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era as a guide, conscientiously implementing the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader’s important speech on inspecting Shanxi, adhering to the correct political direction, shouldering the mission of the times, further emancipating the mind, seizing opportunities, concentrating on innovation, and striving to complete various tasks with full mental state, persistent work enthusiasm and enterprising innovation spirit, focusing on "four actions" and "courage"

After the meeting, provincial, municipal and district leaders unveiled the "Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce" and took a group photo as a souvenir.

Source: Jincheng Federation of Industry and Commerce

Editor: Dong Yalian

Editor: Yan Huahua

Editor: Jin Xiaohua

Producer: Li Pengfei

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Original title: "Establishment of Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) and First Congress of Members"

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Comfort configuration is often linked to the quality of a car. Of course, the higher the comfort configuration, the more pleasant the passenger experience, which can give the car a higher evaluation. What xiaobian brought today is. Let’s take a good look at it.

Let’s look at the appearance of iCAR 03 first. The front face of iCAR 03 gives people a very fashionable and dynamic feeling, which makes people unforgettable. The headlights are capable and the design is tough. The car is equipped with LED daytime running lights, automatic opening and closing, delayed closing and so on. Coming to the side of the car body, the size of the car body is 4406 mm * 1910 mm * 1715 mm. The car adopts dignified lines, which gives people a very domineering and stylish side. With large-sized thick-walled tires, it gives people a very simple feeling. Looking back, the rear of the car echoes the front of the car, and the taillight style is more capable and neat.

In terms of interior, the interior looks very delicate and the overall visual effect is very distinctive. The steering wheel design of this car is very soft, equipped with the functions of manual steering wheel up and down+front and rear adjustment, steering wheel heating and so on, and the grip performance is good. Take a look at the central control, with a 15.6-inch central control screen, which makes the interior design quite layered and fashionable. The dashboard and seats are equally eye-catching. The car is equipped with a sharp dashboard, and the information is easy to read and clear. The car uses leather seats, and the seats are wrapped in place, which is basically enough for daily use.

ICAR 03 is equipped with a motor with a total power of 205KW and a total torque of 385N.m It has good acceleration, excellent cruising range and good power performance.

The car is equipped with driving mode selection, remote control key, NFC/RFID key, rear wiper, interior atmosphere light, traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.) and other configurations, and the configuration has reached the mainstream level of the same level.

The SUV has an atmospheric appearance, good spatial performance and high cost performance. I wonder if you are interested in it. You can learn more about what you like!

　　BEIJING, Beijing, June 8 (Shang Qi) This year marks the 40th anniversary of the resumption of the college entrance examination system in China. Since 1977, the college entrance examination has influenced and changed the fate of several generations of China people. The gross enrollment rate of higher education has exceeded 40% from less than 2% at first, and is rapidly approaching the 50% popularization index line. Behind the data, how has the college entrance examination influenced and changed China in the past 40 years? 40 years later, what expectations has the college entrance examination been given by this country?

　　The picture shows that in December, 1977, the candidates of the Beijing College Entrance Examination Center communicated with each other. Weng Naiqiang Photo source: vision china

　　the resumption of college entrance examination

　　— — China’s concept of talents is changing.

　　On October 12, 1977, the State Council approved the Opinions on the Enrollment of Colleges and Universities in 1977 formulated by the Ministry of Education, which stipulated the new enrollment policy of colleges and universities, namely, abolishing the recommendation system, resuming the cultural examination, and selecting the best students.

　　This year, the slogan of "respecting knowledge and talents" took root in China. Li Muzhou, director of the Institute of Higher Education of Hubei University School of Education, has studied the examination system in China for many years. In an interview with a reporter from Zhongxin. com (WeChat WeChat official account: cns2012), he said that at the national level, the resumption of the college entrance examination 40 years ago is to show that the country attaches importance to talents and reconstructs the concept of talents.

　　He explained, "the resumption of the college entrance examination has confirmed the basic role of cultural knowledge and intellectual factors in the selection of talents in colleges and universities. This is a major change in the concept of national talents, and it can also be said that it is the correct return of the concept of national talents."

　　Education in China experienced a "warm winter" in 1977. According to statistics, at the end of that year, about 5.7 million young people "returned" to the college entrance examination, and colleges and universities selected 273,000 students, which greatly improved the quality of freshmen.

　　Over the past 40 years, college students selected through the college entrance examination have gone to various fields in China in batches. They witnessed and participated in the whole process of reform and opening up, and gradually became the backbone to promote the development of this country.

　　Recently, Liu Haifeng, member of the National Education Advisory Committee and director of the Examination Research Center of Xiamen University, wrote that since the resumption of the college entrance examination for 40 years, millions of qualified students have been selected for colleges and universities through fair competition in the college entrance examination, and many of them have become the backbone of all walks of life through training. China’s rapid economic development in recent years is inseparable from the recovery and continuous reform of the college entrance examination system.

　　The picture shows a collector in Zhengzhou showing his collection of a 1988 college entrance examination admission ticket. Image source: vision china

　　40 years of practice

　　— — From elite education to mass education

　　"The college entrance examination has different meanings for people of different ages." Li Muzhou told Zhongxin.com that before the reform and opening up, the college entrance examination was largely about selecting national cadres. After the resumption of the college entrance examination, with the reform and opening up, the employment of college graduates gradually shifted from planned distribution to market competition, and more and more college graduates began to choose their own jobs.

　　As experts have said, in the past 40 years, with the changes in the country’s economic and social environment, the college entrance examination itself has also undergone changes. In 1999, the Ministry of Education issued the Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of the Entrance Examination System in Colleges and Universities, and announced the national college entrance examination reform plan, which opened the prelude to the college entrance examination reform in this period. Since then, self-enrollment, self-proposition by province, and parallel volunteer admission have been explored one after another, and the recruitment methods of colleges and universities in China are more diverse.

　　Also in 1999, higher education in China began to expand the enrollment scale, and the admission rate of college entrance examination also began to rise sharply. According to statistics, from 1998 to 2005, the number of applicants for college entrance examination in China increased by 11.58% annually, and the number of college entrance examinations increased by 23.75% annually. By 2015, the number of students enrolled in higher education in China has reached 37 million, ranking first in the world.

　　According to China Education Online’s 2017 Survey Report, under the background that the total enrollment of college entrance examination has remained stable, the enrollment ratio of college entrance examination in all parts of the country has continued to increase. Among them, the gross enrollment rate of higher education has crossed 40%, rapidly approaching the popularization index line of 50%.

　　Compared with the gross enrollment rate of 1.55% in 1978, some people think that higher education in China has gradually moved from "elite education" to "mass education".

　　Li Muzhou said that higher education will enter the stage of popularization in the future, and the improvement of the popularization rate is conducive to the overall improvement of national literacy. He believes that "the future lies not in whether you have attended a university, but in what university you have attended, and this influence may be even greater."

　　The picture shows that on July 7, 1999, on the first day of the national unified entrance examination for colleges and universities in China, the candidates who took the examination walked out of the examination room. China News Service reporter Liu Kegeng photo

　　Knowledge changes fate.

　　— — Social strata circulate in relative fairness.

　　From "elite education" to "mass education", behind the overall improvement of the popularization rate, the educational equity behind the college entrance examination has always attracted public attention.

　　Last year, Bian Yanjie, dean of the School of Humanities and Social Sciences of Xi ‘an Jiaotong University and sociologist, presided over a report entitled "Career Opportunities for Rural College Students". According to media reports, all the target samples of the survey came from the existing labor force in the city and were divided into six groups: the first three received higher education, namely, urban college students, rural college students and non-transfer college students; The last three have not yet received higher education, including the general urban labor force, rural-to-non labor force and migrant workers.

　　According to the report, for college students from rural areas to urban areas, they have the same opportunities to work in party and government organs and state-owned enterprises, and they also have the same opportunities to engage in elite occupations, with similar economic income levels, while the three types of non-college students mainly engage in non-elite occupations.

　　Li Muzhou told the reporter of Zhongxin.com that the urbanization process in China is very fast, but the rural population still accounts for the vast majority. Therefore, the college entrance examination provides them with an important way to change their destiny through higher education.

　　The "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System" issued in September 2014 clearly stated that the number of rural students attending key universities should be increased, and the national special plan for targeted enrollment in rural poverty-stricken areas should continue to be implemented, and key universities should target targeted enrollment in poverty-stricken areas.

　　The opinion also made it clear that subordinate universities and provincial key universities should arrange a certain proportion of places to recruit outstanding rural students from remote, poor and ethnic minority areas. In 2017, the number of rural students entering key universities in poverty-stricken areas increased significantly, forming a long-term mechanism to ensure rural students to attend key universities.

　　The picture shows the end of the first exam of the 2017 college entrance examination. Outside a test center in Nanning, Guangxi, parents snapped the candidates like "walking the red carpet". Yu Jing photo

　　Changes and Invariance of College Entrance Examination in the Future

　　— — Do you still believe in "one exam will fix you for life"?

　　In recent years, whenever there is a college entrance examination, there will be doubts about the disadvantages of the college entrance examination in public opinion, such as "a thousand troops crossing the wooden bridge", "one exam will set you for life" and "the baton of the college entrance examination".

　　As for the current examination enrollment system in China, the above-mentioned "Implementation Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Reform of the Examination Enrollment System" also points out that the examination enrollment system in China is generally in line with the national conditions, authoritative and fair, and is recognized by the society. However, there are also some problems that are strongly reflected by the society. The main reason is that the score theory affects the all-round development of students, and the students’ learning burden is too heavy. There are gaps in enrollment opportunities between regions and urban and rural areas, and the phenomenon of cheating extra points and illegal enrollment occurs from time to time.

　　Nowadays, the scale of high school graduates studying abroad in China is increasing. It is pointed out by some voices that the growing number of students studying abroad also reflects from one side that parents and students in China are "voting with their feet" in the face of the college entrance examination.

　　"This will force the reform of the domestic college entrance examination system." Li Muzhou said that the foreign enrollment system has its advantages, such as multiple examinations, rich and flexible subject design, and relatively strong autonomy of colleges and universities … … These are problems that have not been completely solved in China’s college entrance examination system.

　　In fact, the practice of the college entrance examination in the past 40 years has not remained unchanged. Qu Zhenyuan, president of China Higher Education Society, pointed out to the media that in recent years, all aspects of college entrance examination enrollment have been reformed, including examination subjects, examination contents, examination times, examination methods, scoring methods, proposition methods, voluntary reporting methods, admission system, college entrance examination time, and charging system, and almost no aspect has not been tried or touched.

　　The latest changes have appeared in this year’s college entrance examination. These days, high school graduates in Shanghai and Zhejiang are welcoming the first "new college entrance examination". The results of the college entrance examination are composed of three unified college entrance examination scores of Chinese, mathematics and foreign languages, and three students’ self-selected examination subjects. The foreign language test is changed from once a year to twice a year, and you can choose a better score to be included in the total score of the college entrance examination.

　　Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at China Academy of Educational Sciences, said in an interview with Zhongxin.com that the reform of the college entrance examination enrollment system will be in a period of fluctuation in the coming period, and the key to the reform of the college entrance examination is to implement more professional evaluation.

　　He said, "The current examination system can achieve good results through a lot of training, and the actual test results are relatively distorted. As a professional education evaluation, the influence of intensive training on the test results should be eliminated as much as possible."

　　Li Muzhou hopes that through the reform of system design, the situation of "one exam will be fixed for life" will be changed.

　　"For example, let students have multiple exams and even multiple admissions opportunities, and further strengthen the separation of recruitment. Colleges and universities should study their own school-running orientation, formulate examination plans that meet their freshmen’s characteristics, and gradually break the people’s inherent understanding of the college entrance examination." He said.

　　Obviously, 40 years later, the college entrance examination still carries the heavy expectations of this country. (End)