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　　Soda: Returning to Supply and Demand after Emotion

　　Written date: October 31, 2024

　　Metal department

　　Name Zhang Xi

　　QualificationNo.: F3046164

　　Investment consulting number: Z0015768

　　abstract

　　At present, the soda ash disk is rising with the glass, and the varieties of real estate departments are rising in the short term, which has boosted the soda ash market. From a fundamental point of view, soda ash is still surplus. Even after the production reduction, the inventory hit a new high in the year, and the current inventory is close to the highest level in history. Lianyungang Alkali Industry, Debon, Xiangyu Salt Chemical Industry and Zhongtian Alkali Industry with a total capacity of 2.3 million tons are expected to reach full production in the fourth quarter, and the supply pressure is still relatively high. Recently, the export orders of soda ash are general, and the increase of sea freight is superimposed on the loosening of foreign prices, and the export performance of soda ash is dull.

　　On the whole, the upward elasticity of prices is limited before the supply and demand ends have improved significantly. In view of the good macro atmosphere in the short term, it is necessary to be alert to the influence of marginal improvement of commodity sentiment on the price trend of soda ash.

　　Risk warning: investors and production enterprises need to pay close attention to supply changes and the rhythm of downstream replenishment in order to make reasonable business decisions.

　　First, the spot market analysis.

　　In terms of spot, the domestic soda ash spot market fluctuated and the price was adjusted within a narrow range. Short-term stoppage or equipment problems of individual enterprises have led to a narrow decline in start-up and output.

　　In terms of futures, the price of soda ash continued to fluctuate. At present, the futures premium is high, and the delivery price in the mainstream area is 1450-1500 yuan/ton, and the disk is temporarily supported in this position. If soda ash is started at a high level, there is still room for downward price.

　　Second, the analysis of supply and demand and its influencing factors

　　(1) The downward trend of the supply side continues.

　　Since the load of Shandong Haitian dropped last week, Tangshan Sanyou Equipment announced the reduction to about 70% at the beginning of this week. As of October 25, 2024, the overall operating rate of soda ash was 87.11%, a decrease of 0.44% from the previous month and an increase of 1.77% from the same period last year. The output of soda ash in Zhou Du was 726,100 tons, a decrease of 0.5% from the previous month and an increase of 5.23% year-on-year. From the seasonal trend chart, we can see that the operating rate of soda ash has decreased greatly recently, which is close to the historical average level. From the absolute value of the operating rate, about 80% of the operating rate is still in line with the balanced expectation. As long as the operating rate is maintained at a high level, the fundamentals will remain weak.

　　Judging from the seasonal trend of output, the weekly output of soda ash is still at a high level over the years. In the early stage, due to the continuous drop in spot prices, the pace of overhaul and load reduction in some soda plants has been accelerated, and the overall output has been reduced. At present, it has returned to a high level of operation, and the upward pressure on soda ash prices still exists.

　　(B) raw material demand support is weak

　　At present, the float glass fueled by natural gas and coal-to-gas is in a state of loss, and the average weekly profit of float glass fueled by petroleum coke reaches 30.99 yuan/ton. There are many water discharge plans in the production line. Although some production lines have ignition plans, there is no glass output, so the overall output may show a downward trend.

　　The demand for float glass and photovoltaic glass has weakened, and the increase in industry losses has led to a gradual contraction in glass production capacity. As of October 28, 2024, the domestic float glass production capacity was 159,700 tons/day according to the statistics of the Steel Federation, a decrease of 2.29% from the previous month and a decrease of 7.01% from the same period last year. The production capacity of photovoltaic glass was 95,300 tons/day, a decrease of 0.7% month-on-month and 0.27% year-on-year.

　　According to the statistics of the Steel Federation, the operating rate of domestic float glass was 78.52%, up 0.28% from the previous month and down 3.89% from the same period of last year, and the number of production lines started was 234.

　　On the whole, the cold repair has been carried out slowly. Since March, the number of production lines has been reduced by 25, the overall supply has been tightened, the heavy caustic soda just needs to be reduced, and the demand side is weak in supporting the market.

　　(3) Inventories hit a new high in the year.

　　At present, under the influence of the weak downstream demand of soda ash and the mentality of buying up but not buying down, the recent market sentiment is depressed, and the orders of soda plants are generally received. Most of the inventory in the early stage has been transferred to the middle reaches, and the upstream begins to return to the accumulation process. As of October 25, 2024, the total inventory of domestic soda ash manufacturers was 1.663 million tons, an increase of 0.77% from the previous month and 266.46% from the same period last year.

　　At present, the accumulation of soda plants continues, and the continuous high inventory weakens the upward kinetic energy of soda ash prices to some extent. Short-term observation of production reduction shows that in the case of sustained losses, high-cost producers may potentially reduce their burdens, and the inventory pressure may be eased.

　　(D) The profit of ammonia-alkali combined alkali is negative.

　　This round of decline in soda ash market began in May, breaking through the tradition of seasonal fluctuation in previous years. In the peak season, the price center of soda ash market continued to move down from July to August, and the profitability of enterprises continued to deteriorate, and the overall profit was far lower than the historical level. As of October 25th, 2024, the production profit of domestic ammonia-alkali enterprises was -116.5 yuan/ton, down by 3.26% month-on-month and 119.67% year-on-year. The production profit of combined alkali enterprises was -87.9 yuan/ton, down by 36.49% month-on-month and down by 112.17% year-on-year.

　　The consumption of materials in ammonia-alkali process is mainly synthetic ammonia, coal, salt and limestone, while the main materials in combined alkali process are coal and salt. At present, the average cost is slightly higher than that of the same period last year. According to the statistics of Flush Information, the cost of domestic ammonia-alkali enterprises is 1,717 yuan/ton, down 0.17% from the previous month and 2.87% from the same period last year. The cost of the combined alkali enterprise was 1,532.87 yuan/ton, down 1.32% from the previous month and 4.72% from the same period last year.

　　Third, the spread analysis

　　Judging from the current fundamental situation, glass production is facing losses in the whole industry. If the cold repair is concentrated, the profit will be improved, and the downstream will restore the willingness and ability to replenish the warehouse. The soda ash 01 contract is close to the cost line. If the market outlook sees that the inventory has stabilized and the start-up is maintained at around 80%, the far-month contract is stronger than the recent-month contract in terms of valuation. Unilateral risk is large, so it is suggested to pay attention to the 1-5 hedging strategy in intertemporal arbitrage, but at the same time, we need to pay attention to the progress of subsequent new production capacity and the capacity clearing of demand-side glass.

　　Fourth, summary of views and strategy recommendation

　　In the short term, driven by macro-policies, the downstream positive feedback boosted the center of gravity of soda ash to move up, and the market followed, but the improvement of actual demand was not obvious. The downstream just needed to reduce the expectation of consumption and storage, and the upstream continued the trend of accumulation. In the fourth quarter, the new production capacity was 2.3 million tons, and the supply pressure was still relatively large.

　　On the whole, soda ash is still in the cycle of overcapacity, and there is limited room for sustained price rebound before the fundamentals of supply and demand have improved significantly.

[Canada Lohas. ca Wendy comprehensive finishing]Although the Trump administration cracked down on stowaways, many people still sneaked into the country one after another. No, the US and Mexican authorities cracked a smuggling case on August 27th. These 30 illegal immigrants wanted to use the underpass to smuggle, and 23 of them were actually from Chinese.

In the early hours of the morning, I met law enforcement officers and fled.

On the 27th, the Mexican government confirmed that the military had found a tunnel under the border between Mexico and the United States to smuggle from Ti Juana to San Diego, California. These illegal immigrants were arrested by the US Border Patrol after coming out of the tunnel at about 1: 15 am on the 26th. According to local reports, among the 30 illegal immigrants arrested this time,Including 21 men and 2 women, a total of 23 Chinese, and seven Mexicans, four men and three women, are currently detained.

In fact, at first, law enforcement officers were suspicious, but when law enforcement officers planned to cross-examine them, everyone fled and some even ran back to the tunnel, so the authorities discovered this underground secret passage.

The stowaway escaped and the police found a secret passage.

Border patrol officials said that it is impossible to know for the time being whether some people fled back to Mexico through the tunnel, but the exit of the tunnel on the US side is located in the west of the border inspection port of Mesa, Otay, with double barbed wire around the port, while the tunnel passes through the barbed wire from underground and opens a hole in the overgrown area north of the second barbed wire. Investigators said that they are currently coordinating with the immigration law enforcement department of Mexico. At this stage, it is estimated that the tunnel discovered this time will be based on the old unfinished tunnel and then new parts will be excavated. As can be seen from the scene, the exit of the tunnel is quite rough, and it is only a soil hole with a wooden ladder for going up and down, and the length of the tunnel is about 328 feet.

The red dot in the picture shows the exit of the tunnel, and the bottom of the picture shows the US-Mexico border.

The picture shows the police enclosing the tunnel exit with a yellow cordon.

The authorities said that there are two points worthy of attention in this cracked smuggling case. First of all, border criminals used tunnels to smuggle drugs in the past, and smuggling human snakes was rare. After the Trump administration stepped up its interception of illegal immigrants, snakeheads began to look for new ways. In addition to the tunnel discovered this time, Texas has repeatedly found illegal immigrants hiding in trucks and sneaking into the United States.

Indian illegal immigrants in China account for the top 10.

The second point is worth paying attention to. Apart from illegal immigrants from Mexico or Central and South China, people and snakes from other countries have also begun to come to the United States from the southern border. From this case, it can be seen that citizens account for the majority. According to the figures of fiscal year 2015, border patrol officers arrested more than 8,000 immigrants from China, India, Romania, Bangladesh and Nepal. In addition, among the illegal immigrants intercepted by the US authorities in recent years, Chinese and India ranked in the top 10.

Ralph DeSio, an official of the Media Relations Department of the Federal Border Protection Agency in San Diego, said that the investigation is still in the initial stage, so it is not clear what province of China the 23 illegal immigrants from China came from, how to find the snakehead and how much they spent. At present, considering their privacy, their names and photos will not be released to the public.

At present, the number of illegal immigrants on the southwestern border of the United States has dropped sharply, with a drop of as much as 60%. Judd, chairman of the Border Patrol Committee, said last month that after Trump took office, the morale of the patrol department increased greatly, and there was an unprecedented atmosphere and energy inside. However, this has not dispelled many Chinese’s determination to smuggle people. Because it is very easy for China citizens to obtain tourist visas for Mexico, they can fly to Tijuana Airport, Mexico, which is close to the US border, and then try to come to the United States. "In any case, stowaways are controlled by criminal organizations. It is extremely unwise for these China citizens and anyone who wants to sneak into the country to choose this practice. They have given their precious lives to criminals who put money first, but do not cherish the value of life."

DeSio also said that these illegal immigrants who were caught were very lucky: "At least they were not kidnapped, held hostage for ransom, or treated as slaves."

The number of Chinese people who have "passed the gas" by smuggling has increased dramatically year by year.

Although many Chinese come to the United States, they will find that the actual situation is very different from the original "American dream", but many people still try their best to enter the United States by illegal means. No matter where they enter the country, many people take new york as their destination. According to people familiar with the matter, there are many ways for China residents to sneak into the United States, including traveling to many countries, posing as executives, and even breaking into customs directly. The cost of smuggling into the United States is between 50,000 and 80,000 dollars.

Nowadays, the earliest way of smuggling by ship and arriving at the US border from the sea for several months has been eliminated. Judging from Chinese, where 23 people were arrested for smuggling in groups, the traditional way of Chinese crossing the US-Mexico border into the United States is still a hot spot. Mr. Zhou, who recently sneaked into new york from the US border, said that after paying 60,000 US dollars for smuggling, he got a visa to go to Southeast Asian countries, and then he and several other people embarked on this road of no return.

He said that only one of all illegal immigrants has a mobile phone and is responsible for receiving instructions. Others have no idea where they will go the next day and can only follow the only person who has a mobile phone. Mr. Zhou said that he traveled to nearly 20 countries in about three months, and finally reached the border between Mexico and the United States after hardships, and then swam into the United States.

In March 2017, a group of illegal immigrants and apprentices crossed the Rio Grande on the US-Mexico border, but were stopped by US border personnel.

It is reported that when border patrol officers catch illegal immigrants, they will send them to a detention center and hand them over to Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE). ICE needs to verify the identities and criminal records of these foreigners. Depending on the situation, these people will either be deported, detained for further investigation, or allowed to wait for a date to be arranged in immigration court.

In recent years, illegal immigrants from China in San Diego, USA have increased dramatically under the background of profitable illegal migration, a large number of people from China emigrating abroad, and diversification of illegal immigrants. The border patrol department captured about 663 illegal immigrants from Chinese in the last fiscal year; This figure was only 48 in the previous fiscal year, while in 2014, only five Chinese who entered the country illegally were arrested.

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Source: lahoo.ca, Canada.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 7th(International observation) Overbearing "rules" and hegemonic "order" — — Starting from the so-called "rules-based international order" in the United States

　　Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhu Ruiqing Ding Yi

　　"We often hear a saying called ‘ Rule-based international order ’ . This is an ambiguous statement, which is not in the Charter of the United Nations, nor in the declarations adopted by world leaders at the United Nations, nor in the resolutions of the General Assembly and the Security Council. We’ve always wanted to ask, the so-called ‘ Rule-based international order ’ What kind of rules are based on, who made the rules, and what is the relationship between these rules and the international order? " At the beginning of this year, Zhang Jun, Permanent Representative of China to the United Nations, made this question at an open debate of the United Nations Security Council.

　　Some politicians in the United States now keep their mouths shut about the "rules-based international order", but they have never explained the above key issues to the world. This is not because they are "careless", but because they are intentional: they don’t want to define it clearly, and they don’t want to explain it clearly, because that will prevent them from labeling other countries at will, because they often play with "double standards" themselves, because the truth will puncture their hypocrisy.

　　Even if the United States does not say it, the world knows that the so-called "rules" in the mouth of the United States are its uncompromising hegemonic rules; The so-called "order" is the hegemonic order of "America first".

　　Looking for a statement: put on a legal coat for your illegal behavior

　　The phrase "rules-based international order" is not new. Paul Post, a scholar at the University of Chicago in the United States, said that this expression began to appear in the 1990s, and it was increasingly used by the US government after the US invaded Iraq in 2003, with the purpose of finding excuses for its violation of the UN Charter and international law.

　　After the end of the Cold War, the United States became the only superpower and gained the status of dominating the world. In order to get rid of the constraints of the United Nations system and international law, Americans concocted the phrase "rules-based international order" to beautify packaging hegemonism. The Iraq war is a typical example — — The United States has not been authorized by the United Nations Security Council, and its military operations division is unknown, even France, Germany and other allies strongly oppose it.

　　Stephen Walter, a professor of international relations at Harvard University in the United States, said that being able to use the term "rules-based international order" at any time seems to have become a job requirement for American politicians or officials.

　　Alexander gusev, director of the Russian Institute of Strategic Planning and Forecasting, pointed out in an interview with Xinhua News Agency that the United States deliberately keeps the definition of "rules-based international order" vague, because the less specific these so-called "rules" are, the more it can "dress up" them at will. Once a country violates the will of the United States, the United States can accuse it of "violating the rules" and there is reason to punish it.

　　According to Mohammad Jebouri, a journalism professor at Iraqi University, these so-called "rules" are embodied in action: politically, the United States pursues power politics and forces other countries to obey; Economically, the United States uses dollar hegemony and control over international organizations such as the International Monetary Fund to control the economic lifeline of other countries; In terms of security, the United States has set up a large number of military bases around the world and also monitored countries including allies; In science and technology, the United States monopolizes the core technology, obstructs other countries’ research and development by any means, and ensures its leading position; Ideologically, the United States advocates western values as "universal values" and forcibly instills them in non-western countries.

　　In the final analysis, in the eyes of the United States, obeying its demands and its will is "obeying the rules", otherwise it is "breaking the rules." In the words of Italian international expert Giancalo Elia Valori: "‘ Rule-based international order ’ It is actually another version of power politics. "

　　Double standards: "you must abide by international law unless you are the United States."

　　In the early morning of April 14, 2018, the fire tore the night sky in Damascus, the capital of Syria. The reason why the United States, Britain and France launched this air strike against Syria is that the Syrian government used "chemical weapons" to attack the armed opposition-controlled areas.

　　Bashar al-Jaafari, then Syria’s Permanent Representative to the United Nations, complained to the United States and other countries for slandering the Syrian government more than once at the United Nations meeting, but the United States turned a deaf ear to this and continued to impose sanctions and military strikes on Syria. Once, a photo of Jaafari sitting in the rest area of the United Nations Headquarters building was widely circulated on the Internet: he was tall and in a suit and tie, with his head down, his back slightly bent, his hands clasped, and his figure showed fatigue. Outside the window beside him, the "Peace Bell" hangs in a pavilion downstairs.

　　International public opinion feels the sadness and helplessness of "weak diplomats" from this photo. On the other hand, the experience in Syria highlights the contempt of the United States and its allies for international law.

　　After Syria fell into the civil war, the United States deeply intervened and frequently intervened militarily. Its military actions were not authorized by the UN Security Council, nor were they approved by the Syrian government. American scholar Margo Patterson said that on the issue of war, the United States has always shown that international law only applies to other countries, not to the United States itself.

　　As we all know, there is only one order in the world, that is, the international order based on international law; There is only one set of rules, that is, the basic norms of international relations based on the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. The United States advocates the so-called "rules-based international order", and its real intention is to set up another set outside the existing international law system. When international law conforms to the interests of the United States, it emphasizes the need to abide by international law, and vice versa, it does not talk about international law, but emphasizes the so-called "rule-based international order." In essence, what he has done is to take self-interest as the center, impose his own standards and will on others, and open the back door for "double standards" and "exceptionalism".

　　Wei Nanzhi, a researcher at the American Institute of China Academy of Social Sciences, pointed out that after World War II, a global political, security, financial, trade and cultural order was established based on the United Nations, the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (the predecessor of the World Trade Organization) and UNESCO. However, the United States has always used the international system with the United Nations as the core and the international order based on international law, and rejected them if they disagree.

　　In the political and security fields, the United States has despised the concepts of self-determination, sovereignty and peaceful settlement of disputes established by the UN Charter. Since the end of World War II, it has been waging wars or instigating a "color revolution", trying to overthrow more than 50 foreign governments and rudely interfering in democratic elections in at least 30 countries. In the economic and trade field, the United States frequently launched trade wars against other countries. The WTO clearly determined that the United States violated global trade rules against China and tariff war, but the United States ignored it and blocked the WTO Appellate Body from appointing new judges. In the financial field, the United States not only takes advantage of the dollar’s status as the main international reserve currency to collect "seigniorage" from the world, but also manipulates international financial organizations, asking recipient countries to implement financial liberalization and increase the opening of financial markets when assisting other countries, so as to reduce obstacles for American capital penetration and speculation; In the field of science and technology, the United States often packages its own "family rules" into international rules, such as the introduction of the Chip and Science Act and other bills to curb the scientific and technological development of other countries through long-arm jurisdiction.

　　Stephen Walter, a professor of international relations at Harvard University, once wrote on the website of Foreign Policy that when the United States thinks that the international order is not conducive to itself, it ignores, evades or changes the order according to its own wishes. Even American allies hope that the United States can abide by the order it advocates.

　　"You must abide by international law unless you are the United States." American historian Alfred mccoy said so.

　　Hegemonic decline: "‘ Rule-based international order ’ Are dying. "

　　In recent years, with the mass rise of developing countries, the relative strength and international influence of the United States and the West have continued to decline. In this context, the United States increasingly emphasizes the so-called "rules-based international order", aiming at maintaining its declining hegemony and hindering the evolution of the international pattern and the trend of world multipolarization.

　　In order to embody the so-called "values", the United States manipulated ideological tools, clothed the "rules-based international order" with "freedom" and "democracy", and demonized the "competitors" in the eyes of the United States as "authoritarian countries" that undermined "freedom" and "democracy", but such tricks could not blind the world.

　　Yu Jie, a senior researcher at the Royal Institute of International Affairs, believes that the "rules-based international order" implies that all countries in the world should implement the western democratic model. But this political system itself has a big problem. Over the past decade or so, developing countries have been more actively demanding to improve their right to speak on issues of international rules and international order. This appeal will be stronger in the future.

　　Yuan Sha, an American scholar at the China Institute of International Studies, pointed out that in recent years, the anxiety of the United States about the decline of its hegemony has risen sharply, so it wants to use the rhetoric of "rules-based international order" to contain and suppress non-Western countries such as China. Especially after Biden’s administration took office, it actively wooed allies and partners to build a small circle, established an exclusive and factional pseudo-multilateral system, and replaced the international rules under the United Nations system with "family rules", which hindered the construction of an inclusive and open international order.

　　The international community really needs rules and order, but they should be jointly formulated by the international community, rather than the one with thick arms and great strength who has the final say, let alone serving the interests of a few countries and minorities.

　　"The so-called ‘ Rule-based international order ’ Actually, it is unfair ‘ Western order ’ 。” Former French ambassador to the United States Gé rard Arrow said.

　　“‘ Rule-based international order ’ Is dying. " Andrew latham, a professor of international relations at Macalester College in the United States, said that some people have not yet recognized this reality.

　　In the final analysis, the "rules-based international order" that some American politicians talk about every day is just a high-sounding rhetoric. Its true meaning is, on the one hand, to "maintain hegemony" and try to continue its bossy and superior "exceptional" status, and on the other hand, to "escape from reality" and try to cover up its resistance to the rise of the non-western world. (Participating in reporters: Li Hualing, Liu Wei, Dong Yalei, Fan Shuai Shuai)

Why is the war in the Middle East getting worse?

On April 1st, in a hospital in Rafah, south of Gaza, people were immersed in sadness. A few days later, on April 30th, an air-drop operation aimed at alleviating the humanitarian crisis was launched over Gaza. The food shortage caused by the conflict brought the land to the brink of famine. Time jumped to October 7, 2023, and a new round of conflict between Palestine and Israel once again ignited the war. This round of conflict has become an unprecedented page with its persistence, intensity and serious consequences. Why the war in the Middle East is getting worse.

As the conflict continues, the humanitarian crisis intensifies, the scope of influence continues to expand, and the shadow of all-out war is quietly approaching. Iran’s missile attack on Israel on October 1 is the latest example of the chaotic situation in the region. Conflicts and crises in the Middle East are slipping into the abyss of comprehensive escalation.

Gaza suffered unprecedented casualties and property losses in this conflict. After the Palestinian Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas) launched the operation, the Israeli counterattack caused serious humanitarian disasters and economic losses. According to the data of the Palestinian Ministry of Health on September 23rd, the conflict has caused tens of thousands of deaths and nearly 100,000 injuries. The infrastructure in Gaza has been almost destroyed, the economy has been hit hard, the unemployment rate has soared, and agricultural production facilities have been completely destroyed.

Israel itself has been scarred by this conflict, with not only a large number of soldiers killed or injured, but also thousands of enterprises closed down due to the deterioration of the security environment and labor shortage. Internationally, Israel’s sovereign credit rating declined, domestic people’s dissatisfaction with the government rose, and large-scale protests broke out, followed by criticism and diplomatic pressure from the international community.

In addition, the spillover effect of the conflict is obvious, the previous peace trend in the Middle East has been reversed, many countries have broken off diplomatic relations with Israel or recalled their ambassadors, and the International Criminal Court is facing accusations against Israel. Other armed forces in the region have also begun to attack Israel, affecting the stability of the global supply chain.

Israel’s extremist behavior in the conflict has been questioned, including the expansion of the scope of operations and the frequent crossing of moral boundaries. These actions prompted Iran to directly intervene and launch missiles at Israel, and the momentum of conflict escalation has not diminished.

　　Guangming Daily reporter Ding Yiming Changhe Wang Shengxi Xia Jing Aring Zhang

　　"One mountain after another, one ridge is high. Schools all over Huanggang, reading everywhere. A century-old normal school casts the soul of a teacher from generation to generation. My heart is like a red candle, and I am not afraid of the frost and the light forever. " On the evening of October 19th, the large-scale original Huangmei Opera musical "Frosty Red Candle" premiered in Beijing, and the scene was packed and the atmosphere was warm.

　　"In recent years, with the revolutionary history of Dabie Mountain as the main line, we have organized teachers and students to write and perform a large-scale original musical and dance epic" Red Salary Biography of Dabie Mountain "and a large-scale campus Huangmei Opera musical" Frosty Red Candle "as the first ideological and political lesson for freshmen, and groups of students have been baptized by red culture in one performance after another." Wang Libing, Party Secretary of Huanggang Normal University, introduced.

　　"Wei Dabie Mountain stands between Jianghuai. Overlooking the plain from east to west, it stands out in Hubei, Henan and Anhui. " This is one of the earliest areas where Marxism spread in China, one of the main areas where the Party led the armed struggle during the Agrarian Revolution, an important source of the China Revolution and the people’s army, and a strategic turning point for the new-democratic revolution to achieve national victory.

　　From the birth of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1921 to the founding of New China in 1949, no matter how hard the struggle was, the Communist Party of China (CPC) always maintained a strong leadership over the revolutionary activities and struggles in the Dabie Mountains. The people of Dabie Mountains always held high the red flag, and more than 2 million people joined the army and 360,000 people died heroically. With blood and life, they wrote a stormy red chapter and cast a glorious Dabie Mountain spirit.

　　In September, 2019, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out during his inspection tour in Henan that the base area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui Soviet Area is an important party building base, and the spirit of Jiao Yulu, Hongqi Canal and Dabie Mountain are all precious spiritual wealth of our party.

　　"The red flag will not fall in 28 years", such a mountain is a red mountain, a revolutionary mountain, a heroic mountain and a glorious mountain!

　　Red Flag Sculpture on Hero Mountain in Xinxian County, Henan Province. Information picture

　　1. Stick to your faith

　　The revolutionary ideal is higher than the sky.

　　"Obeying Marxism-Leninism is invincible, and I am convinced that the future will be defeated." This is a poem written by Dong Biwu, a proletarian revolutionary. As early as the May 4th Movement, Dong Biwu and Chen Tanqiu began to spread Marxism in Dabie Mountains. In autumn and winter of 1921, Chen Tanqiu developed the CPC party member in Chence Building, Huanggang, and established the local CPC organization in Dabie Mountain area. Since then, the revolutionary struggle in Dabie Mountain area has continued, and the revolutionary fire has not been extinguished.

　　In the song of the plainclothes team, which is widely circulated in Hubei, Henan and Anhui provinces, there are lyrics like this: communist party is our own father and mother, and even if the enemy keeps encirclement and suppression, the Red Army will become stronger and stronger. Which sunflower doesn’t go to the sun and which poor man doesn’t go to communist party? No matter how rampant the enemy is, burning my house and robbing me of my food, he can’t take a red heart and won’t surrender.

　　It is better to sacrifice than to ask the enemy to "take a red heart". This is the power of faith.

　　"If you want to kill me, kill me. communist party can’t finish it!" Cheng Ruxiang, the captain of the peasant self-defense forces in Jianchanghe area (now a new county in Henan Province), was arrested and imprisoned in the Jute Uprising. Facing all kinds of torture by the enemy, he was righteous and deathless.

　　"Marxist-Leninist thoughts seep into the brain, and the warlords are cruel to me. The workers and peasants of the world are in charge of politics and are willing to go straight to the guillotine. " Wang Youan, one of the founders of the Communist Party organization in Hubei and Henan provinces, was unfortunately arrested on the way to transport weapons. He was tortured in prison and would rather die than surrender. He wrote such a poem.

　　No matter in the process of developing the revolutionary base area in Hubei, Henan and Anhui into the second largest Soviet area in China, or after October 1932, the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army withdrew from the base area in Hubei, Henan and Anhui due to the defeat of the anti-encirclement campaign, or in 1934, the Red Twenty-five Army shifted its strategy, and the remaining Red Twenty-eight Army independently persisted in the arduous three-year guerrilla war … … Revolutionary soldiers and civilians from Dabie Mountain have always followed the party closely, and even after suffering, they have not changed their minds.

　　"An inch of mountains and rivers and an inch of blood, a hot land and a soul." In Dabie Mountain, there are martyrs in every village and Red Army in every household, loyal bones are buried in mountains and mountains, and loyal souls are cast in mountains and mountains. Faith is like a mountain, faith is like a rock. Many revolutionary martyrs did not hesitate to shed their blood, relying on their faith in Marxism and their firm belief in socialism and communism in order to realize the ideal of communism. Although they also know that the ideal they pursue will not be realized in their own hands, they always firmly believe that generations of communist party people will make unremitting efforts for it, and generations of communist party people will shed blood for it, and their lofty ideals will certainly be realized.

　　2. Think big.

　　On July 23, 1947, Mao Zedong sent a 3A-level secret telegram to Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping, which wrote: The situation in northern Shaanxi is very difficult now. For example, Xie Fuzhi, Chen Geng and Deng Xiaoping, Liu Bocheng, can’t mobilize the first Hu Zongnan Army with their own effective actions within two months to help northern Shaanxi open up the situation, so that northern Shaanxi can’t support it. Then the main force of Hu Army may be transferred eastward two months later, and your difficulties will increase.

　　Three "A"! Very difficult! Liu Deng two people know that Mao Zedong rarely expressed this way, and it must be the most urgent moment!

　　"Actually, it’s a risky move." Hu Zunyuan, director of the Party History and Local Records Research Office of Jinzhai County Committee of Anhui Province, said. At that time, the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan field army had just finished the battle of southwest Shandong, and the casualties were heavy, so it was urgent to rest. Moreover, from southwest Shandong to Dabie Mountain, thousands of miles apart, the Yellow River, Ruhe River and Huaihe River are like natural moats.

　　"completely obey the central decision and act after half a month." The three "A’s" were deeply imprinted in my mind. Liu Deng and his wife decided not to go to the rear, "encircle Wei to save Zhao" and go straight to the Dabie Mountains, the strategic depth of the Kuomintang!

　　On August 1st of the same year, Deng Xiaoping emphasized at the meeting on the deployment of leaping into Dabie Mountain that we are like a pole, carrying two battlefields in northern Shaanxi and Shandong. We are duty-bound to fight out and drag out the enemies in northern Shaanxi and Shandong. The heavier the burden we carry out, the better for the overall situation. On August 7th, Liu Deng’s army marched into Dabie Mountain in three ways. On August 27th, we crossed the last natural barrier Huaihe River and successfully reached Dabie Mountain.

　　In do or die, the soldiers and civilians in Dabie Mountain resolutely obey the Party’s command and align themselves with the Party Central Committee. They proceed from the overall strategic situation of the country and obey the needs of the overall revolutionary situation, overcome all difficulties and obstacles, mobilize all positive factors, mobilize all effective forces, and actively cooperate to complete major strategic actions.

　　Taking the overall situation into account is a long-term vision, a strategic thinking, and a dedication to bravely shoulder heavy burdens for the overall interests.

　　Between the ego and the ego, between the part and the whole, the children of Dabie Mountain are sober, and they know what they should do. From Wu Xianchou, the main founder of peasant revolutionary armed forces in Hubei, Henan and Anhui border areas, we can deeply feel the broad feelings of serving the overall situation.

　　In December 1928, with the approval of his superiors, Wu Xianchou rushed home to get married. On the second day after marriage, Wu Xianchou hurried back to the army. His parents want him to stay for a few more days before leaving after the New Year. Wu Xianchou said that a person should have two families, a small family and a large family. With everyone, there is a small family. We can’t forget everyone for the sake of our small family. Always think about the revolution and everyone.

　　Through the revolutionary war years in blood shed, through the passionate construction period and witnessing the magnificent reform period, the Dabie Mountain spirit inspired generations of communist party people to take the overall situation into consideration, take on the mission bravely, integrate the ego into the responsibility and realm of the big ego with the tolerance and spirit of taking care of the overall situation, unite and lead the people to overcome challenges and difficulties and win one victory after another.

　　3. forge ahead in unity

　　"We rely on the people." In October, 1949, Liu Bocheng concluded when reviewing the leap from a thousand miles to Dabie Mountain.

　　From land reform, bridging and paving roads, to daily necessities, sickness and death, during the revolutionary base area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui, the Soviet government regarded the affairs of the masses as its own business. In exchange, the people actively joined the army and supported the army, doing everything they could to support the revolution. In the most difficult years, the revolutionary masses sent the last bowl of rice to make rations, the last foot of cloth to make military uniforms, the last old cotton-padded jacket to cover the stretcher, and the last flesh and blood to the battlefield … …

　　A folk song vividly reproduces the scene of the military and civilians going into battle: "Little Huang An, everyone is a hero; When the gong rang, 480 thousand; Men will fight and women will deliver meals. " According to historical records, during the preparations for the third anti-encirclement campaign and the establishment of the Red Fourth Front Army, from June to August alone, 7,360 people joined the army, and the masses supported more than 40,000 tons of grain, 110,000 yuan in cash and more than 40,000 pairs of shoes and socks.

　　At that time, in Dabie Mountain area, many farmers posted such a couplet in front of their doors: "The Red Army came to make a chicken and dogs uneasy, while the White Army came to make a chicken and dogs restless", and the horizontal approval was "Red and white are distinct". The hearts of the people are clear at a glance.

　　When Liu Deng’s army first arrived in Dabie Mountain, there was no fixed hospital, and the sick and wounded were mainly placed in people’s homes. The masses risked their lives to cover the sick and wounded, carefully cared for the sick and wounded, and wrote songs of support for the army with their blood and lives.

　　Xiongjiawa, Chendian Township, Xinxian County, Henan Province, is a small mountain village with only 14 families, and nine wounded people were placed at one time. In order to make the sick and wounded recover at an early date, the people would rather eat chaff and swallow vegetables than save food for the sick and wounded. In order to avoid the enemy’s raids, the masses carried the wounded and sick to the caves in the mountains during the day, took them home at night to rest, fed soup and boiled medicine, and cared day and night.

　　The army and the people are United as one person, in times of war and in times of peace. "We are soldiers, and we have to go to the hardest points to help the poorest villages." After the fight against poverty started, the Hubei Military Region took the initiative to adjust the poverty alleviation point to Xiaozhai Community in Chengmagang Town, Macheng City, with a more remote location and backward basic conditions.

　　Building infrastructure, renovating village living environment and introducing characteristic industries … … Today’s Xiaozhai community is full of small bridges and flowing water, birds and flowers everywhere, prosperous industries everywhere and living and working in peace and contentment everywhere.

　　"Three and a half guns make a revolution, and twenty-six will ride a horse." It used to be one of the important origins of the Jute Uprising, and it was out of Wang Shusheng, Chen Zaidao and other 26 Republic generals. It is still here that the unity between the army and the people has opened a new chapter.

　　Facts have repeatedly proved that the people’s position is always the fundamental political position of our party.

　　4. Be a pioneer.

　　"A hero is born in the Dabie Mountains, and his bones are as strong as iron. Escape from the tiger’s mouth today and come back tomorrow for revenge. " Knowing death and not avoiding it is brave. The revolutionary army in Dabie Mountain area is not afraid of strong enemies, brave and tenacious, dare to struggle, dare to win, and can’t be dragged down or beaten. The more difficult it is, the more forward it will be, overwhelming all enemies and never giving in to them. In the tempering process, a large number of bloody, powerful and wise generals such as Xu Haidong, Xu Shiyou and Wang Jinshan have emerged.

　　At the beginning of 1932, Chiang Kai-shek launched the third "encirclement and suppression" campaign against the Soviet area of Hubei, Henan and Anhui. The Red Fourth Army Department deployed the Shang-Huang campaign according to the military situation, and Xu Haidong, the founding general and then head of the 36th Regiment of the 12th Division of the Red Fourth Army, became the main target of more than 20 enemy regiments.

　　"People are in the position!" Faced with the heavy casualties of the battalion company’s cadres, Xu Haidong ran to the forefront regardless of safety, took the bugle from the sacrificed trumpeter, personally blew the bugle to direct the battle, and shouted, "Communist party member, sacrifice will also fall forward." This battle, which lasted for half a month, killed and wounded more than 4,000 prisoners and surrendered more than 2,000 guns, which eventually caused tens of thousands of enemy troops to collapse across the board.

　　As long as the war started, Xu Haidong always took the lead, and he was powerful, paying "tuition" with his blood and learning war in the war. He was injured nine times in his life, leaving 17 holes in his body. People nicknamed him "Tiger Xu". Comrade Mao Zedong highly praised him as "a banner of the working class" and "a person who has made great contributions to the China revolution".

　　In the torrent of revolution, the party organizations in Dabie Mountain area and the soldiers and civilians led by them are in the forefront of the times.

　　During the founding of the Communist Party of China (CPC), Dabie Mountain was one of the earliest areas in China where party member activities and party organizations were established. During the Agrarian Revolutionary War, Jute, Shangcheng and Liuhuo Uprising were organized, and one of the earliest base areas in China was founded. During the War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression period, two strategic units, the Second Division and the Fifth Division of the New Fourth Army, were grown and strengthened, becoming the first unit in Central China to enter enemy-occupied areas, carry out guerrilla warfare against Japan behind enemy lines and open up anti-Japanese base areas behind enemy lines; During the War of Liberation, the troops of the Central Plains Military Region adhered to the anti-civil war outpost and took the lead in accepting the baptism of the third revolutionary civil war. Liu Deng’s army jumped into Dabie Mountain without hesitation and took the lead in launching a comprehensive counterattack.

　　In the blood of the children of Dabie Mountain, the red gene of being a pioneer is always flowing. Located in the hinterland of Dabie Mountain, Tianpu Daiwan, Tianpu Township, Xinxian County, Henan Province, is located at the geographical dividing line between the north and the south of China, where the beautiful scenery of the south of the northern country and the charm of Henan Province complement each other, showing the vigorous vitality of rural revitalization. "According to local conditions, taking advantage of the situation and relying on red tourism resources, there are now 21 homestays in the village and more than 20 maker shops." Han Guangying, the owner of "My Hometown" B&B, introduced the transformation concept to the reporter. "No digging and filling, no chopping and burning, no demolition of large buildings, and maximum preservation of historical features."

　　Hejiachong, Tiepu Town, luoshan county, not far from Xinxian County, is also a "punching place" for red education. In 1934, the Red 25 th Army assembled from an ancient ginkgo tree here. This small village, located in the depths of Dabie Mountain, has therefore become a fulcrum on the "red ribbon on the earth" — — One of the four starting points of the Red Army’s Long March, the starting point of the 25th Army of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army.

　　Wang Chuanwei, the 94-year-old former secretary of the village party branch who witnessed the departure of the Red 25 th Army, often tells the story of the soldiers and civilians under the ginkgo tree. Today, this thousand-year-old ginkgo tree still permeates the fertile soil of Dabie Mountain.

　　Great achievements will last forever, and the spirit will inspire future generations. The Dabie Mountain spirit spans time and space and lasts forever. To build a socialist modern power in an all-round way and realize the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we need to draw strength from the Dabie Mountain spirit, stick to our beliefs, and illuminate the road of struggle with the light of ideals; Mindful of the overall situation, with dedication to create absolute loyalty; Unite and forge ahead, take the people as the center and unite the majestic power; Be brave as a pioneer and use responsibility as a brilliant chapter.

　　Guangming Daily (November 03, 2021, 05 edition)

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