Learn from the past and know who came. On the occasion of the 90th anniversary of the September 18th Incident, CCTV’s "Learning Every Day" column revisits with you the important exposition of the General Secretary on the September 18th Incident, the Northeast Anti-Japanese Coalition Forces and the spirit of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Alliance, remembering history, remembering martyrs, cherishing peace and creating the future.
This is the scene of the "September 18th" bell ringing ceremony filmed on September 18th, 2020.
In 1928, the Japanese Kwantung Army created the "Huanggutun Incident", which killed Zhang Zuolin and became a preview of the September 18th Incident. In June 1931, the General Staff Headquarters of the Japanese Army and the Ministry of the Army formulated the "Outline of Solutions to the Manchu-Mongolian Problem" and determined the specific steps of occupying the three northeastern provinces of China by force; In July, the Army Chiefs of Staff secretly transported the siege heavy artillery to Shenyang, aiming at Peking University Camp, the military station of China; In August, Minami Jiro, the Minister of the Army of the Japanese government, shouted at the National Division Chiefs Meeting in Japan: The Manchu-Mongolian problem can only be solved by force. Then further preparations were made to launch this war.
At about 10 o’clock on the evening of September 18th, 1931, the Japanese Kwantung Army blew up a section of the track of Nanman Railway near Liutiao Lake in the northern suburb of Shenyang, and it was China’s army that made the accusation. Then, it used this as an excuse to shell Peking University Camp and attack Shenyang City, and the September 18th Incident that shocked China and foreign countries broke out. In the early morning of the next day of the September 18th Incident, Shenyang City fell, and in February 1932, the whole northeast fell.
On September 3, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech at the symposium commemorating the 75th anniversary of the victory of China people’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the world anti-fascist war, pointing out that after the September 18th Incident, the people of China rose up in the white mountains and blackwaters, becoming the starting point of China people’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, and at the same time opening the prelude of the world anti-fascist war.
Northeast anti-Japanese Coalition cavalry.
In July 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader stressed during his inspection tour in Jilin that it is necessary to explore, study and publicize the history of the Anti-Union, organize relevant commemorative activities, and gather positive energy for strengthening party building and promoting reform, development and stability.
The Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces is an anti-Japanese armed force founded and led by the Communist Party of China (CPC). It is the first heroic force to enter the anti-Japanese battlefield in China, with the longest persistence and the hardest struggle. From the anti-Japanese guerrillas to the people’s revolutionary army, and then to the northeast anti-Japanese Coalition forces, the anti-Japanese armed forces in Northeast China continued to develop and reached their peak from the second half of 1936 to the autumn of 1937. The Northeast Anti-Allied Forces formed 11 armies with more than 30,000 people, covering the vast areas of more than 70 counties in North Manchuria, South Manchuria, East Manchuria and Jidong at that time.
The struggle of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces played an important role in China, War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the world anti-fascist war, which dealt a heavy blow to the arrogance of the Japanese aggressors, inspired the national spirit, promoted the development of the national anti-Japanese national salvation movement, effectively contained most of the troops of the Japanese Kwantung Army, seriously disrupted the strategic deployment of Japanese imperialism, and delayed Japan’s plan to carry out a full-scale war of aggression against China and "northward invasion" of the Soviet Union.
全民族抗战爆发后，东北抗日联军的斗争融入全民族抗战洪流中，牵制了大批日军，有力支援配合了全国抗战。1945年8月苏联对日宣战，东北抗日联军配合苏联红军进军东北，在肃清日伪残余、维持社会秩序、建立人民武装、恢复建立党的组织、建立人民政权等方面发挥了积极的重要作用。在极端复杂的困难环境下，东北抗日联军指战员积极发动群众，开展了各项工作，为中共中央东北局和八路军、新四军部队进入东北准备了有利条件，为建立东北根据地作出了重要贡献。
Yang Jingyu (left), Zhao Shangzhi (middle) and Zhao Yiman (right).
在14年抗日战争中，东北抗日联军用鲜血和生命谱写了中国人民抗日战争这部壮丽史诗中最惨烈、最艰苦、最令人动容的篇章，涌现出以杨靖宇、赵尚志、赵一曼、“八女投江”等为杰出代表的民族英雄和英雄群体。东北抗联中牺牲的军级干部有30多名，师级干部有120余名。东北抗联1937年有3万余人，到1940年只剩下不到2000人。
On September 11th, 2015, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader mentioned the letters from the martyrs of Zhao Yiman when he presided over the 26th collective study of the 18th the Political Bureau of the Central Committee. The general secretary said with deep affection: "The letters from these revolutionary martyrs are the most vivid and convincing teaching materials for the education of ideals and beliefs. They should be edited into volumes and distributed to party member and cadres. Everyone often reads and thinks about them."
On September 3rd, 2020, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader delivered an important speech at the symposium to commemorate the 75th anniversary of China people’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the victory of the world anti-fascist war, pointing out that Yang Jingyu, Zhao Shangzhi and other patriotic generals, eight female fighters of the Northeast Anti-Japanese Union and many other heroic groups were outstanding representatives of Qian Qian’s thousands of anti-Japanese soldiers.
On April 4, 2019, at the Northeast Martyrs Memorial Hall, students were listening to the commentator’s explanation.
In May 2016, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out during his investigation in Heilongjiang: "There are many favorable conditions in Heilongjiang to strengthen the construction of cadres’ work style. The spirit of Northeast Anti-Union, the spirit of Great Northern Wilderness, the spirit of Daqing and the spirit of Iron Man have inspired generations. Today, we still have to use these spirits to educate the vast number of party member and cadres, guide them to carry forward their fine traditions, and take the lead in promoting new trends and healthy trends in the whole society. "
Between the white mountains and the black waters, the Northeast Anti-Union soldiers forged the Northeast Anti-Union spirit with the main connotation of "bravely going to the national disaster, consciously taking responsibility, tenacious struggle, sacrificing life for justice, and uniting to resist aggression". The basic connotation of the Northeast Anti-Union Spirit includes: the patriotic spirit of loyalty to the country and courage to go to the national disaster; Brave and tenacious heroic fighting spirit; Perseverance and dedication, not afraid of sacrifice; Undaunted and indomitable spirit of hard struggle; The spirit of internationalism of sharing weal and woe, unity and resisting aggression.
The spirit of Northeast Anti-Union is formed by the Northeast Anti-Japanese Allied Forces led by the Communist Party of China (CPC) in the hard struggle against Japanese militaristic aggression for 14 years. It is a concentrated expression of the lofty spirit and noble ideological character of the Northeast Anti-Union soldiers, a heroic epic in the history of War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression, China, a manifestation of the Chinese nation’s indomitable revolutionary spirit, and a legendary example of human beings challenging their limits for just causes.
(Central Radio and Television General Station CCTV Network)