50-year-old Xu Qingchuang is like this? It turns out that these foods are more useful than eating preservatives

  Lead: No matter whether the statement of breaking sugar is really reliable or not, anti-aging must be a matter of both internal and external repair. Don’t think that if you pay enough attention to skin care, you will really be done. Paying attention to diet will get twice the result with half the effort. Eating these foods is more useful than eating preservatives!

  The legend of Summer Xu’s reverse growth is not a day or two, but recently everyone has been amazed by her new blockbuster. Summer Xu, 50, looks like this under the photographer’s high-definition lens …

  High-definition details show that the skin is also very tight. Probably many people should say that it is the credit of the retoucher, but even if there is a post-repair, it needs a good foundation.

  The figure is still online, which is estimated to be better than that of many young girls. And with the increase of age, I will make more efforts to keep my figure. I admire Summer Xu’s self-discipline!

  The official map can be typed, and there is nothing wrong with the private photo. It is estimated that everyone believes that she is only thirty years old. It is really amazing!

  Every girl wants to be the one favored by the years. In fact, with more and more nursing methods, the goddess of frozen age is really nothing unusual. Why can they all be so well maintained?

  Do you dare to associate the photo of Vivian Chow with "Over 500"?

  The silhouette of many years ago, compared with now, is not bad at all, but more natural and graceful. This is the charm of time.

  If Summer Xu and Vivian Chow at the age of 50 are not shocking enough, Pan Yingzi at the age of 70 will certainly scare you! If facial maintenance can rely on medical beauty, then body management depends on personal perseverance and healthy lifestyle.

  With these examples of frozen age, it is estimated that many girls have paid great attention to anti-aging since they were very young. In fact, anti-aging can not only be written about skin care, but also have a lot of knowledge in diet!

  For example, Angela Zhang has been abstaining from sugar for anti-aging, because sugar will not only make you fat, but also attach to collagen, making it stiff and deformed.

  No matter whether it is true or not, anti-aging must be a matter of both internal and external cultivation. Don’t think that if you pay enough attention to skin care, you will really be done. If you pay attention to the diet, you will get twice the result with half the effort. Eating these foods is more useful than eating preservatives!

  apple

  Everyone has heard that "an apple a day keeps the doctor away", and this doctor can also include "doctor of medical beauty", because apples contain many basic vitamins and strong antioxidants, and red apples have the most antioxidants. Can effectively resist oxidation, and naturally it is not so easy to age.

  tomato

  Tomato is also a strong antioxidant food, because tomato is rich in lycopene, its antioxidant capacity is 20 times that of vitamin C. It is more effective to cook tomatoes before eating them, because the lycopene content will increase greatly and the antioxidant function will naturally become stronger.

  red wine

  It is said that red wine is beautiful. Do you know the reason? The antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins in grape seeds is extremely high, so the antioxidant capacity of red wine made from grapes will be further improved after fermentation.

  The tannic acid in red wine also has antioxidant and anti-aging effects. Drinking a cup every day is not only pleasant, but also very beneficial to maintain the skin!

  oat

  Oats are probably old friends of health-preserving people. They not only reduce fat, but also have a great anti-aging effect with oats rich in protein and calcium. Eating a proper amount of oats every day can accelerate human metabolism and amino acid synthesis and promote cell renewal, which not only helps you to fight aging, but also helps you secretly scrape oil. It is simply a fairy food!

  fish meat

  Delicious fish is also anti-aging. Fish is low in calories and contains a lot of complete protein. It has a good proportion of essential amino acids and is easily absorbed by the human body. It can strengthen the elastic fiber composition of the skin and is a rare meat anti-aging food.

  broccoli

  Broccoli, a frequent visitor to fitness meals, is also an anti-aging expert! It contains a compound that can slow down aging. This compound can slow down the aging characteristics of the liver, eyes, bones and metabolism, and has an anti-cancer effect. Remember to eat more ~

  Of course, anti-aging doesn’t mean morbidly pursuing girlhood, but being responsible for one’s own living conditions. Even if one gets old, one should still have a childlike lightness of mind like Faye Wong!

The double-faced life of the notorious serial killer in the United States and the prototype of The Silence of the Lambs’s protagonist

Ted bundy (,November 24, 1946-January 24, 1989).

The handsome man in the photo has neat hair, confident charm and even a smile on his face. If we don’t mention his identity, we may guess that this is an elite with high IQ.

However, he is the most notorious serial killer in America and one of Hannibal’s archetypes-ted bundy.

Ted bundy, formerly known as Theodore Robert Courvill, was a serial killer who was active from 1973 to 1978.

He was cold-blooded, cruel and cunning, and committed crimes across six States, killing more than 30 young women he had never met, without a single witness. After his arrest, he completely denied his crimes, and it was not until more than ten years later that he admitted that he had committed more than 30 murders. However, the real number of victims is still unknown, and it is estimated that the number ranges from 26 to 100, with a general estimate of 35. Usually, Band-Aid will stick the victim and then strangle him. He also committed rape and necrophilia.

He is extremely cunning, relying on his training in law school, always arguing innocence in the face of conclusive evidence from the police and forensic doctors, and playing with the law, playing with judicial personnel and even his own team of lawyers, so that the judgment and execution have been postponed several times, and it has been delayed for more than ten years, and he has repeatedly waited for an opportunity to escape. Finally, at the end of his rope, he suddenly announced that he had actually killed more than 300 people …

Before his last arrest in February 1978, he escaped from prison twice. Finally, he was executed in the electric chair in Florida in 1989 for his last murder.

Ted bundy and his tools and fingerprints.

Ted bundy didn’t put the American police at ease until he died. Not only that, more than 30 years after he was sent to the electric chair, there are still journalists investigating him, psychologists analyzing him and judicial people studying him.

As we can see in the photo, this murderous psychopath has two faces. When he is in a crowd, he has extraordinary speech and charming humor; He is an outstanding graduate of a famous university, majoring in law and psychology; He has a girlfriend and a warm family. Ironically, Ted also worked for the Seattle Crime Commission, and wrote a pamphlet to prevent rape, which was a voluntary publicity for the citizens.

His psychology professor praised him and wrote in a letter of recommendation:

"Mr. Band-Aid is undoubtedly one of the best graduates in our department. I think he is one of the best graduates I have ever seen in Washington University. He is smart, capable, active and serious. He is more like a professor than a student. He is studious, easy to get along with, and will work hard … "

Demons around me

(America) by Ann Ruhr, translated by Xu Fangfang.

Writers Ann Ruhr and Ted met in 1971, and their friendship and correspondence ran through the rest of his life. In the meantime, she is not only his friend, but also a criminal reporter looking for a vicious serial killer. She used Ted’s description of his double life, plus she tracked the police’s detection work, court trials and media reports in many places, and strung Ted’s whole life story in all directions with rich details.

This is the new book "The Devil Around Me" recommended for everyone today.

The Devil Around Me is a classic true crime work, and it is a crime investigation note and memoir written with first-hand information. When it was first published, it was among the best in the list of real crime works in Britain and America. It has been reprinted for many years and has been made into many film and television works.

Ann Ruhr (1931-2015), Ann Rule. She majored in minor psychology, criminology and penalty, and completed the courses of crime scene investigation, public security management, crime scene photography and arrest, search and seizure, and obtained a degree.

As a certified lecturer, she lectured in several states, including: serial murder, sadistic antisocial personality, femicide and performance criminals. She is a member of the task force of the U.S. Department of Justice that formulated the Violent Crime Arrest Plan (VI-CAP), and has twice testified before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on issues such as victims’ rights and the danger of serial killers.

Author Ann Ruhr is known as "the best true crime writer in America". After leaving the police force, she volunteered at the Seattle Crisis Hotline, and she gradually realized that Ted, who volunteered with her, was the serial killer that the police were tracking.

As a gripping and explosive classic of real crime, The Devil Around Me captures the psychology of ordinary people-everyone wants to know whether there is a monster living around us or even getting along with us day and night.

For years, Ann Ruhr has been receiving letters and emails from fans in ted bundy. It is incredible that such a murderous maniac has many admirers, but it is not unexpected. Today, I will share with you the frequently asked questions about ted bundy that Ann Ruhr answered in her book, and walk into the double-faced life of this killer.

Ted Ted Bundy.

Frequently asked questions about ted bundy.

Excerpt from "The Devil Around Me"

(America) by Ann Ruhr, translated by Xu Fangfang.

I get emails asking about ted bundy every week, and some of them are repeatedly asked. I will try my best to answer, but these are only my personal opinions based on what I have learned in these years.

Who is Ted’s biological father?

This point has never been actually confirmed. His mother Eleanor Louise Cowell only said that Ted’s father was a "sailor", and his birth certificate stated that his father was Lloyd Marshall, a 30-year-old air force veteran who graduated from Pennsylvania State University. The name Jack worthington also appeared in the column of his father’s name. On November 24th, 1946, Ted was born in Burlington, Vermont, "Elizabeth Lund’s Home for Unmarried Mothers", and the words "born out of wedlock" were printed on his birth certificate.

Many people feel that Ted was born of incest between his notoriously grumpy grandfather and his mother. As far as I know, blood samples have never confirmed or overturned this point, and DNA testing technology is only 50 years later. Ted used many names: Cowell, Nelson and Band-Aid, and he stole many names to hide his identity during his escape.

Ted Bundy

Ted bundy is really in prison.

Did you become a father while serving your sentence?

Yes, I believe so. A frequent visitor to Rayford Prison in Stark, Florida, told me that in the early 1980s, prisoners raised funds to bribe prison guards, giving them time to make out with female visitors alone. No matter whose turn it is, you can have enough hidden space and time to get your wife or girlfriend pregnant. In addition, it is said that the baby girl born to Carol Ann Boone looks like Ted.

Carol Ann Boone

Where are she and her daughter now?

I have been trying to avoid any news about Ted’s ex-wife (who divorced before Ted was executed) and children, and I feel that as long as I don’t know, I will never inadvertently reveal any details about their privacy in the media. I heard that Ted’s daughter is a kind and clever girl, but I don’t know where she and her mother live now. They’ve suffered enough.

Meg Anders and her daughter—

The little girl who used Ted as her father in the 1970s—

Where is it now?

I also try not to know about Meg and her daughter. Her daughter is about 40 years old now. Meg wrote a book titled "The Phantom Prince: My Life with Ted Bundy" under the pseudonym of "Elizabeth kenyon" many years ago, which was published by a small publishing house in Seattle. Now the publishing house has closed down and the book has been out of print for many years.

To my surprise, I recently received a phone call from Meg’s daughter Lian Anders (a pseudonym). It turned out that Ted had done her great mental harm. Lian said that she always had a lingering guilt about the young girls killed by Ted, as if she had any way to stop him from killing people.

I told her that she was not responsible for what Ted did. At the time of the incident, she was just a little girl, a little girl who once loved and trusted him. Maybe one day, she will write down these feelings. I hope "Elizabeth kenyon" can see her book reprinted.

Meg Anders and her daughter

Has ted bundy ever been cleared of murder?

Officially, maybe once or twice. I believe that in December 1973, Ted picked up Katharine Merry Devon in the university area and killed him. Her parents and many detectives also thought that Ted did it. However, because her murder case has never been solved, there is a "dormant" suspect who has been watched by agents under the sheriff of thurston County, Washington for 28 years. This man, William E. Costen, has a criminal record of rape in Maryland, and was once accused of rape and murder, but was finally acquitted.

In March 2002, the DNA extracted from Katharine Merry’s body and clothes was compared with that of Kosden, and the results were completely consistent. Costen thought he could get away with it. At that time, he went to city of olympia to visit his relatives who opened a gas station, and the 14-year-old girl who hitchhiked from Seattle just got off here. He met her at the gas station, and she believed him.

Costen is now properly locked up in prison.

Is ted bundy a good man or not?

No.

Are you afraid to stay with ted bundy, especially alone in the crisis clinic?

Say it again, don’t be afraid. I have always been proud that I can detect the abnormal behavior of others, which is not only a natural ability, but also depends on acquired experience and training. But for a long time, I secretly blamed myself, because I didn’t see anything threatening or disturbing from Ted’s appearance. He is very kind to me, cares about my safety, and seems to be very considerate.

My only clue is my dog. It likes everyone, but it doesn’t like Ted at all. Every time he leans over my desk in the crisis clinic, the dog growls and the hair on the back of his neck stands on end.

One thing you can learn from this is: please pay more attention to your dog!

Stills from the movie Hachi: A Dog’s Tale.

Don’t you think ted bundy?

Should be commuted to life imprisonment,

Let a psychiatrist study it?

No, I don’t think so. Ted will try to escape again, and it will become more dangerous. He has fooled many smart and experienced people (including me), and he is fully capable of this. It’s too risky to do so.

What is Ted’s IQ?

According to the wexler Bellevue Intelligence Scale, Ted’s IQ is 124. This level is enough to graduate from college or get a higher degree, but he has never done a genius intelligence test.

Where is ted bundy buried?

No one knows except those closest to him. The body was cremated, and he asked that the ashes be scattered in the cascades Mountains in Washington State. This may be a wise choice, because the tomb is highly recognizable and may be damaged at any time to vent their anger.

Are you in love with ted bundy?

No. Thankfully, I’ve never had a crush on Ted except as a friend. In the 1970s and for a long time after that, I fell in love with a murder detective. This year, I received an email from a girl, and I was shocked to learn that her professor told her classmates: Ted and I are lovers and are going to marry me. This is purely a rumor, and I must follow it up immediately! With the help of my editor, we found an advertisement on eBay selling a second-hand book of mine. The seller missed two sentences in the book review, which completely changed its meaning. When I mentioned the relationship between Carol Ann Boone and Ted, I misused my name and it was passed around on many websites. This is so embarrassing. It’s totally wrong.

Ted and Carol Ann Boone

Ted bundy is really crazy, isn’t he?

No, he’s not crazy. Please refer to the first part of this chapter.

The following is taken from an email I received yesterday:

I read in many newspapers that in July 1986, the death penalty in Band-Aid was suspended 15 minutes before the execution. In October of the same year, it was suspended seven hours before the execution. Are these reports true or just media hype? Besides, if ted bundy had only 15 minutes or 7 hours to live, why didn’t he plead guilty until January 1989? Did his lawyers assure him that he would not be executed? Why did he choose to wait instead of playing this trump card in 1986? How did he know that he would not be executed?

In 1979, ted bundy was in court.

First of all, he didn’t show up 15 minutes before the execution in July 1986. In fact, not 15 minutes, but 15 hours. In November of the same year, he did appear seven hours before the execution, and his lawyer filed 18 appeals that time. I think he may feel invincible and always get another chance. However, he can’t be 100% sure that he won’t sit in the electric chair every time he arrives at the scene.

He took a risk and got what he wanted. However, neither I nor anyone else could say what Ted thought then (or now).

This leads to the next most common question:

What kind of person is ted bundy?

I don’t know. He has different faces in front of different people. He is both an actor and a liar, a thief and a killer. He is also a schemer, a stalker and even a magician. He is clever, but not brilliant. He is doomed.

I don’t think even Ted knows what kind of person he is.

Next, let’s tell the story of this man named ted bundy from the beginning.

—— Ann Ruhr, September 2008

(The book abstracts are abridged, and the complete contents are subject to the official publication.)

Everyone wants to know,

Is there a monster living around us,

Even spend time with us.

The story of ted bundy, a well-known American serial killer.

Demons around me

(America) by Ann Ruhr, translated by Xu Fangfang.

ISBN:9787532791125

Pricing: 88 yuan

Publication date: December 2022

Shanghai Translation Publishing House

brief Introduction of the content

Ann Ruhr is known as "the best true crime writer in America".

The Devil Around Me is a classic true crime work, and it is a crime investigation note and memoir written with first-hand information. When it was first published, it was among the best in the list of real crime works in Britain and America. It has been reprinted for many years and has been made into many film and television works.

Ted bundy is one of the most well-known serial killers in the United States. Over the years, he has abused and killed young women who have never met each other across the state, and the crimes are outrageous. He is extremely cunning, relying on his training in law school, always arguing innocence in the face of conclusive evidence from the police and forensic doctors, and playing with the law, playing with judicial personnel and even his own team of lawyers, so that the judgment and execution have been postponed several times, and it has been delayed for more than ten years, and he has repeatedly waited for an opportunity to escape. Finally, at the end of his rope, he suddenly announced that he had actually killed more than 300 people …

Ted bundy didn’t put the American police at ease until he died. Not only that, more than 30 years after he was sent to the electric chair, there are still journalists investigating him, psychologists analyzing him and judicial people studying him.

After leaving the police force, the author Ann Ruhr volunteered at the Seattle Crisis Hotline, and she gradually realized that Ted, who volunteered with her, was the serial killer that the police were tracking. She and Ted met in 1971, and their friendship and correspondence ran through the rest of his life. In the meantime, she is not only his friend, but also a criminal reporter looking for a vicious serial killer. She used Ted’s description of his double life, plus she tracked the police’s detection work, court trials and media reports in many places, and strung Ted’s whole life story in all directions with rich details.

As a gripping and explosive classic of real crime, this book captures the psychology of ordinary people-everyone wants to know whether there is a monster living around us or even getting along with us day and night.

Brief introduction of the author

Ann Ruhr (1931-2015) joined the Seattle Police Department at the age of 21 following in the footsteps of her grandfather. After one and a half years, she left due to vision problems. Five years later, she began to report police cases. Since 1969, she has been writing full-time about real crimes.

She majored in minor psychology, criminology and penalty, and completed the courses of crime scene investigation, public security management, crime scene photography and arrest, search and seizure, and obtained a degree.

As a certified lecturer, she lectured in several states, including: serial murder, sadistic antisocial personality, femicide and performance criminals.

She is a member of the task force of the U.S. Department of Justice that formulated the Violent Crime Arrest Plan (VI-CAP), and has twice testified before the Senate Judiciary Subcommittee on issues such as victims’ rights and the danger of serial killers.

Ruhr is known as "the best true crime writer in America".

Original title: "The Double Life of ted bundy, the most notorious serial killer in the United States and the prototype of The Silence of the Lambs"

Read the original text

How does Chinese medicine understand the "plague"?

Pi Guoli studied at Phoenix Net.

Traditional Chinese medicine has a long history on epidemic diseases. As far as relevant written records are concerned, the record of "plague" first appeared in the Yin and Shang Dynasties. There has been a record of "sudden death" in Oracle Bone Inscriptions. After research, scholars think that the Yin people may judge the severity of the plague through the chastity divination, while The Classic of Mountains and Seas says: "If there are beasts, there will be a great plague in the world." There are five kinds of "phoenix birds" (the genus of phoenix) in the May Fourth Volume of the Book of Collection of Confessions in Yuhan Mountain House. One of them, "the dove’s beak and round eyes", as long as it appears, the plague will immediately follow.

The causes of infectious diseases are social politics, geographical environment, famine, traffic and other factors. According to scholars’ research, there were many infectious diseases caused by political and military factors in the epidemic history of China before Sui and Tang Dynasties. After Sui and Tang Dynasties, the geographical environment, developed transportation and frequent exchanges between China and foreign countries led to more infections of diseases. After the Song and Yuan Dynasties, the political and economic development center of China gradually moved southward. Due to the differences in climate and geographical environment, people first encountered infectious diseases dominated by parasites, and many diseases began to have differences between the northern and southern regions. These factors indirectly promoted the deepening and innovation of the theory of traditional Chinese medicine. Of course, the ancients could not know the existence of bacteria, so they could only describe the cause with the invasion of various "qi". In addition to "heat", Chinese medicine believes that wind, cold, summer heat, dampness, dryness and fire (six evils) may all lead to infectious diseases. For example, Biography of Historical Records of Huo Zhi contains: "Jiangnan is humble and wet, and her husband dies young." That is, the combination of environment (natural factors, biological environment and humanistic social environment) and the cause and effect of diseases is closely related to the development of traditional Chinese medicine, and "moisture" is one of the important factors leading to human diseases.

01

typhoid

From the descriptions of the ancient medical collections "Neijing" and "Difficult Classics", we can know that Chinese has been deeply aware of "fever" including infectious diseases for a long time. For example, "whoever suffers from typhoid fever becomes warm, the first summer solstice is the disease temperature, and the second summer solstice is the disease heat." ("Su Wen Re Lun") "There are five types of typhoid fever: apoplexy, typhoid fever, damp-warm, fever and febrile diseases, and their sufferings are different." ("Difficult to pass 58 difficult".

It is worth noting that the concept of "epidemic febrile diseases" at this time is still confined to the ancient typhoid system, and independent principles and prescriptions have not been developed, which is different from the development after the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Zhang Zhongjing experienced a great epidemic in the Han Dynasty. The preface of Treatise on Febrile Diseases reads: "There are many Yu clans, and there are more than 200 Yu clans. Since the Jian ‘an period, there are still less than ten, and two-thirds of them died, and typhoid fever ranks seventh." Therefore, since the publication of Treatise on Febrile Diseases, "injury to cold" has become the main discussion system of treating exogenous fever in traditional Chinese medicine. For a long time, Zhang Zhongjing’s medical prescription was the main force to treat the "plague".

Treatise on febrile diseases

The original meaning of "epidemic" should be related to "service" Zhang Gang pointed out in the Textual Research on the Origin of All Diseases in Traditional Chinese Medicine: People in ancient times served in the service of the country, who suffered the most from hunger, cold and hardship, so the epidemic was a disease, and it was most likely to appear when the people served. The ancients also believed that the epidemic was brought by ghosts, so there was a saying that "the epidemic is also a service, and the words are ghosts." These are all superficial understandings of diseases when ancient medicine was still in ignorance. Only after the emergence of the medical subject discussion focusing on "Qi" did the views on diseases change significantly. As for other pathogenic factors, there are relatively few references to epidemic febrile diseases in the existing Treatise on Febrile Diseases, and only a few concepts have been passed down, such as "sun disease, fever and thirst, those who don’t hate cold are epidemic febrile diseases" and "those who sweat and are already burning, are named wind and temperature in the day". It was not until the publication of Wu Youxing’s Treatise on Epidemic Febrile Diseases (1642) in the late Ming Dynasty that another system for treating fever, epidemic febrile diseases, was considered as a new way. However, not all doctors think that Treatise on Febrile Diseases does not discuss febrile diseases well. For example, Lu Maoxiu (word Jiuzhi, 1818-1886) in Qing Dynasty means that typhoid fever is the general name of all ancient fevers, and the methods for treating febrile diseases are also included in the typhoid law. He explained in the articles such as Differentiation of Radix Puerariae and Ramulus Cinnamomi and Treatise on Febrile Diseases that the clues of febrile diseases can be found in the "Yangming Disease" system in Treatise on Febrile Diseases from the aspects of diagnosis, syndrome differentiation and treatment.

02

warm disease

Another system to explain why the plague happened is Wu Youxing’s On Epidemic Febrile Diseases. He and Zhang Zhongjing had a similar experience of epidemic, and saw that doctors only used Zhang Zhongjing’s prescription to treat them at that time, causing a large number of deaths. Wu Youxing said: "There are more than dozens of people who talk about typhoid fever, which is very slight for epidemic febrile disease. It is based on the medical practitioners, what they remember and recite, and they are all typhoid fever and its clinical symptoms. They know about the epidemic and ask for its true typhoid fever. " Wu wrote down the great epidemic he experienced:

Chongzhen is full of enthusiasm, and the epidemic gas is prevalent. Shandong, Zhejiang and the north and south are both straight, and there are many people who feel it. It will benefit very much in May and June, or it will be transmitted to Hemen. At the beginning, when the teacher mistakenly ruled by typhoid fever, he never saw that it was not dangerous. Or the sick family mistakenly listens to what they want for seven days, otherwise, they will die on the fourteenth day, thus losing their treatment. There is a late death; Or use harsh agents indiscriminately, attack and make up for disorder and the dead; Or when doctors fail to understand, they are suspicious and timid, and they use slow drugs for acute diseases. Although they are not harmed immediately, they are everywhere.

Although the experience of the great epidemic was the same, the Eastern Han Dynasty did not reach the end of the Ming Dynasty, after all, after a short period of time, the prescriptions for treating infectious diseases in the original Treatise on Febrile Diseases were not enough, so Wu wrote another treatise on epidemic febrile diseases as a new thinking on treating fever. For example, it is recorded in The Theory of Epidemic Febrile Diseases and Miscellaneous Gases:

It is difficult to enumerate all kinds of diseases. About the disease is biased towards the side, delaying the door and closing the door, and everyone is the same, all of which are the qi of the times, that is, miscellaneous qi is also a disease. For all kinds of diseases, it is not necessary to know qi. Gai had a certain qi at that time, and he specialized in a certain zang-fu organ and a certain meridian, and he specialized in a certain disease. Therefore, the diseases of all people are the same, and it is not to know the qi, not to close the zang-fu organs and meridians, or to prove it. Husband’s illness can’t be arrested at the age of four, but it can’t be determined by five movements and six qi. It is knowing the qi all the time. Whether it originated in the city or in the village, it is nowhere else, and it is nowhere to be found. Epidemic qi is also one of miscellaneous qi, but it is worse than other qi, so it is quite serious, because of its name.

Wu Youxing, On Epidemic Febrile Diseases

Wu believes that all kinds of qi, collectively referred to as miscellaneous qi, may cause epidemics, but "furuncle qi" (epidemic qi) is the most serious cause. This theory officially sets the tone for the identity of the plague, subverting the cognitive system that used to respect "injury to the cold". However, it was the Qing Dynasty that the theory of febrile diseases was the most developed. Wu’s statement only opened a different way of thinking from Treatise on Febrile Diseases and did not become the only model. His so-called "miscellaneous qi" theory, which is different from epidemic qi, was replaced by the "evil qi" theory derived from the concept of six qi by most scholars of epidemic diseases in Qing Dynasty. Since then, the system of epidemic febrile diseases has become more complicated.

The war-torn between the Ming and Qing Dynasties, coupled with foreign trade since the Qing Dynasty, and the rapid population growth in southern China, made epidemic febrile diseases quickly become synonymous with local diseases in southern China. Among them, Wu Tang divided epidemic febrile diseases into wind temperature, warm temperature, epidemic febrile disease, warm poison, summer temperature, wet temperature, autumn dryness, winter temperature, warm malaria, etc. Among them, warmth, heat, summer heat, dryness, etc. are unhealthy qi in a broad sense, while "warm poison" and "epidemic disease" are caused by furuncle and foul poisonous gas. Now, these "pathogenic qi" all belong to the epidemic febrile disease, which dominates the feeling of the body when it is sick. For example, "dampness" will cause pain in bones and joints and a sense of stagnation. As Ye Gui said, "aversion to cold and fever, heavy body, joint pain, and dampness in muscles." This refers to the "hot" feeling of epidemic febrile diseases combined with "wet" qi. And because "summer heat" and "dampness" are both pathogenic factors, both of which are factors of disease occurrence, headache, body pain and fever are both symptoms of summer heat and damp heat. If the former is heavier, the situation of high fever will be more serious; If the latter is heavier, the body pain will be aggravated.

03

The barriers between cold and warm factions

The symptoms of patients become the treatment criteria. In this situation, Wang Shixiong said in "Essays of Chongqing Hall": "Summer is also wet, and it is also five qi. Summer belongs to fire, and dampness belongs to scholars, each living in the five elements, and fire and soil are in harmony. Therefore, summer and dampness are easy to combine, and righteousness is also common. " Therefore, in a word, miscellaneous qi is not only the cause of disease, but also the source of physical feelings. Fever diseases included in febrile diseases in traditional Chinese medicine are not only symptoms, but also the collection of patients’ physical feelings, and cannot be treated with an absolute single disease name. It is a unified and fixed definition based on the theory that TCM has the same symptoms, but less diseases with the same names.

Xie Liheng, a medical historian, said in The Origin of China’s Medicine: "Treatise on Febrile Diseases is an ancient book in the Han Dynasty, and warmth is a special disease today. It is said that there is no cure for febrile diseases in Treatise on Febrile Diseases. If you want to blame the people of the Han Dynasty for curing all kinds of diseases such as fever in later generations, it is too much to move. " Although the ancient books are ancient, there are thousands of diseases today, which really hit the nail on the head But interestingly, the theory of "injury to cold" still exists in the system of treating fever, and has not been forgotten as "out of date". For example, Wu Tang believes that "cold" is still the main cause of all exogenous febrile diseases, because it hides in the body and is touched in spring, so "injury to cold" is still an important inducement of fever infection. When Wu Tang criticized The Theory of Epidemic Febrile Diseases, he also said: "It is (or possible) to be ignorant of the principle that latent qi is the disease, and to regard what is the typhoid fever that is the disease, and what is the epidemic febrile disease that is" not the disease, but the spring ",so that the source of warmth is directly cut off, not the cold, and the ignorance of oneself is not blamed, but the absurdity of words is blamed." "Wu’s eyes were full of epidemic diseases when Chongzhen was fierce and wild, so he wrote the text" Winter hurts in cold, and spring will get sick and warm ". Everyone has their own prejudices and cannot be integrated. " From this point of view, it is possible that most febrile disease experts still respect Zhongjing’s theory, and the barriers between cold and warm factions are not as big as we thought.

Xie Guan, Zi Liheng, On the Origin of China’s Medicine.

Not to mention the doctors who advocate the classic prescriptions, they think that the differences between the cold and warm factions are just an excuse for doctors not to know Treatise on Febrile Diseases. For example, Tang Zonghai thought Treatise on Febrile Diseases was "the concealment of all diseases", and he refuted many doubts that "all books that were warm in later generations were called Zhongjing, only on typhoid fever, regardless of warmth". Tang believes that "differentiation of six meridians" is the outline of Zhongjing’s treatise on diseases, and Zhongjing takes into account wind, cold and warm qi. More importantly, Treatise on Febrile Diseases takes meridian diseases as a system to classify the symptoms and treatment system of exogenous fever, not just "cold" as the only basis, so it can be independent of "miscellaneous qi" and "epidemic qi", which is So in modern times, the two systems of TCM, cold and warm, can still have a dialogue with western epidemiology at the same time.

This article is taken from

Title: The Game of Modern Chinese and Western Medicine

Author: Pi Guoli

Press: Zhonghua Book Company

Subtitle: antibacterial history of traditional Chinese medicine

Publication year: June 6, 2019

Editor: _ Tong _ refers to Xinghua Village

The picture comes from the Internet.

Original title: "How does Chinese medicine understand the" plague "? 》

Read the original text

A rare albino silver snapper was found in the United States, and its body was as white as a pearl (Figure).

    China Daily News Global Online News: Perhaps many people don’t know about silver snapper, and perhaps there will never be a movement to protect silver snapper in the world, because this ugly fish really doesn’t like people. However, after discovering an extremely rare albino silver shark, scientists feel that it is time to popularize scientific knowledge related to silver shark to the public.



    Rare albino silver snapper (American media picture)


    According to American media reports, on a cold day with drizzle last year, students from the University of Washington in the United States stumbled upon this silver shark while conducting a survey of marine resources. Recently, this silver shark was officially unveiled.


    It is reported that at that time, a lot of silverfish were caught in a net thrown into the sea. Among those dark brown silverfish, Jon, a doctoral student of the school, suddenly found this albino silverfish, which was as pure as a pearl.


    Jon and his classmates were very surprised. He said, "Everyone started cheering and clapping. This is the most exciting thing for us."


    This silver shark is a female, with a length of 1 foot (about 30 cm). It is estimated that its "age" is about 2 to 3 years old, and it belongs to the "child" in the silver shark world.


    Ted, a fish professor at the University of Washington, said that in his 40-year career, he had never seen an albino silver shark. This albinism is rare in the underwater world.


    It is reported that silver mackerel is a cartilaginous fish separated from the ancestors of mackerel, and it is still known as a "living fossil". Generally speaking, silver-gray or dark brown, with a slightly dark gray back and a silvery white abdomen, are mainly distributed in tropical and temperate deep-sea areas of the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, and usually live on the bottom of the deep sea.


    In addition to this silver shark, there are many albino animals in the world that have attracted people’s extensive attention. In May this year, a British woman found a rare albino kangaroo in a rural area of olney, Buckinghamshire. It is reported that the probability of albinism in kangaroos is about one in one hundred thousand.


    In January 2006, a rare albino two-headed snake was auctioned at the World Aquarium in St. Louis, USA. With two heads and two mouths, this albino snake has always been a "star animal" in the aquarium.


    In November, 2003, Snowflake, the only albino orangutan known in the world, died in Barcelona Zoo, Spain. It suffered from skin cancer and was finally euthanized by the veterinarian because of its deterioration. "Snowflake" was deeply loved by people before his death, and the Spanish were very sad for its departure. (Zhang Chunyan Editor: Xia Ya)


  

Editor: Fan Jing

The 15th French Film Exhibition opened, and Huang Xiaoming Radoyan was appointed as the image ambassador.

Image Ambassador Huang Xiaoming andVirginie Ledoyen


1905 movie network news  The 15th French Film Exhibition, jointly organized by UniFrance and the French Embassy in China, opened in Beijing on the afternoon of June 26th. On the same day, Huang Xiaoming, the image ambassador of this year’s French film exhibition, virginie ledoyen, the French actress, Tonie Marshall, lauren Gantet, Xavier Legrand, Elis Bree, the actor and the president of "French Film Alliance" all made their appearances to help the film festival.

 Huang Xiaoming appeared.

As the ambassador of "French film screening", Huang Xiaoming said that he has always liked the image style of French films. Some of them are warm and some are romantic: "I like,, and, and among French directors, I appreciate jacques perrin best. I once worked with him in this documentary."

 

Last month, Huang Xiaoming just attended the Cannes International Film Festival as a producer. Being able to promote China’s films to the world as a different actor, he bluntly said that he was very honored: "I think the film itself is an art that transcends nationality, language, skin color and nationality, and it can become the common language of the whole world." Now, as an image ambassador, he also hopes to introduce French films with rich types and excellent quality to China audiences in a new way. In his future film plan, he also intends to establish cooperation with excellent French filmmakers and contribute more and better film content to everyone.

 Virginie Ledoyen

Virginie ledoyen, the French ambassador, won the most promising actress award in César Awards for three consecutive years. Previously, she had appeared in Yang Dechang’s masterpiece directed by Taiwan Province, China, playing a girl who came to Taipei from France. Recalling the shooting experience at that time at the opening ceremony, she still felt deeply: "Although I don’t understand the language of many staff, it doesn’t prevent me from understanding our film creation." Laduoyan also said that she hoped to learn more about China culture and exchange and cooperate with more directors from China by serving as the image ambassador. At the scene, she revealed that she liked Zhang Yimou and Wong Kar-wai very much.

 "Screenplay Workshop" Director lauren Gantet


Director of GuardianshipXavier Legrand

It is reported that the 15th French Film Festival will present many excellent French films to China fans. From June 26th to July 22nd, these 10 films, including,,,,,, and, will meet the audience in seven cities, including Beijing, Shenzhen, Chengdu, Dalian, Xi ‘an, Wuhan and Chongqing.


Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) was established and the first member congress was held.

On August 31st, the Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) of Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone was established and the first member representative meeting was held ceremoniously. 90 representatives attended the meeting. Liang Rong, Vice Chairman of Provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce, Secretary of Political and Legal Committee of Jincheng Municipal Committee, Shi Yunfeng of United Front Work Department, Fan Zhaosen of Standing Committee of Jincheng Municipal Committee, Secretary of Party Working Committee of Development Zone, Director of Management Committee, Wang Zhiqiang, Executive Vice Minister of United Front Work Department of Municipal Committee, Li Lingzhi, Vice Minister of United Front Work Department of Municipal Committee, Party Secretary of Federation of Industry and Commerce, and Cheng Gangqiang, Chairman of Municipal Federation of Industry and Commerce attended. Jiao Yong, chairman of the Municipal Association for Science and Technology, attended the meeting to congratulate on behalf of the city’s group departments.

The meeting elected the leading group of the first Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce, and Zhao Yonghong, deputy secretary of the Party Working Committee, was elected as the chairman of the first executive committee of the Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) and made a work report.

The meeting adopted a resolution on the Work Report of the First Executive Committee of the Industry and Commerce Federation (General Chamber of Commerce) of Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone, and issued an initiative to "meet challenges, seize opportunities, promote development, and write a new chapter in the high-quality development of the private economy in the development zone".

At the meeting, Liang Rong pointed out in his speech that the establishment of the Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) in Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone is a happy event and a major event. It is ahead of the provincial Federation of Industry and Commerce system and a concrete practice and powerful measure for the Jincheng Municipal Committee and the Party Working Committee of the Development Zone to implement the "Several Opinions on Supporting the Development of Private Economy" in our province. Standing at a new starting point, the Federation of Industry and Commerce in the Development Zone should closely focus on the strategic development opportunity of our province to build a demonstration zone for comprehensive transformation, a vanguard of energy revolution and a new highland for opening to the outside world, focus on the requirements of Shanxi’s "six innovations", 14 industrial clusters and the goal of "four for four highs and two synchronizations" of the provincial party Committee, strengthen political construction, and build the Federation of Industry and Commerce into the main position of ideal and belief education for the majority of private entrepreneurs; Make every effort to build a platform, be a good staff assistant to the party Committee and government, and serve as a bridge with the majority of non-public economic people; Broadly gather strength and unite entrepreneurs to contribute to the development of Jincheng and win glory.

In his speech, Fan Zhaosen stressed that it is necessary to "listen to the Party and follow it", pay attention to uniting, guiding, helping and educating the broad masses of non-public economic people to strengthen the "four consciousnesses", strengthen the "four self-confidences" and achieve the "two maintenances", and actively participate in the tide of reform, innovation and development of the development zone; Efforts should be made to create a warm home that is most beneficial to entrepreneurs, adhere to the establishment of service associations, give priority to supporting private enterprises to take the lead in transformation and development, and strive to provide more targeted and effective services for enterprises; In order to create a new image of entrepreneurs in the development zone on the "six new" track, the Federation of Industry and Commerce should strengthen team building, actively provide enterprises with a platform for learning and exchange, enhancing friendship, starting businesses and seeking common development, and entrepreneurs should consciously keep promises and value credibility to establish a new image of entrepreneurs.

In his speech, Cheng Gangqiang demanded that the convening of the meeting marked that Jincheng took the lead in completing the organization and establishment of the Federation of Industry and Commerce in eleven cities and five national development zones in the province. In the new era and new mission, the development zone Federation of Industry and Commerce should strengthen its own construction and integrate the purpose of "building the meeting politically, uniting the meeting, serving the meeting and strengthening the meeting through reform" into its daily work; We should do a good job in building the membership team and improve the cohesion, attraction and execution of the Federation of Industry and Commerce. We should educate and guide the broad masses of people in the non-public sector of the economy, strengthen Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s belief, enhance trust in the Party and the government, and have confidence in the development of enterprises, so as to strive to be excellent builders of Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s cause.

The meeting held that the establishment of the Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) in Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone is of great significance and positive significance for mobilizing the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of non-public enterprises, condensing the Federation of Industry and Commerce and private enterprises into a group with common interests, promoting mutual cooperation among enterprises, promoting Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone to implement the requirements of the "four acts" of the provincial party Committee, achieving strategic breakthroughs, and taking the lead in forging a new path of transformation and development.

The meeting stressed that the majority of non-public economic people in the region should take politics as the soul and strive to be the defenders of firm and correct political direction, strive to be the leaders of high-quality transformation and development with hard work as the first priority, strive to be the practitioners of honest management according to law with law as the basis, and strive to be the pioneers to promote the cause of the Federation of Industry and Commerce with responsibility as the most important, and strive to write a new chapter in the high-quality development of the private economy in the development zone!

The meeting called for taking the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era as a guide, conscientiously implementing the important instructions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader’s important speech on inspecting Shanxi, adhering to the correct political direction, shouldering the mission of the times, further emancipating the mind, seizing opportunities, concentrating on innovation, and striving to complete various tasks with full mental state, persistent work enthusiasm and enterprising innovation spirit, focusing on "four actions" and "courage"

After the meeting, provincial, municipal and district leaders unveiled the "Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce" and took a group photo as a souvenir.

Source: Jincheng Federation of Industry and Commerce

Editor: Dong Yalian

Editor: Yan Huahua

Editor: Jin Xiaohua

Producer: Li Pengfei

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Original title: "Establishment of Jincheng Economic and Technological Development Zone Federation of Industry and Commerce (General Chamber of Commerce) and First Congress of Members"

Read the original text

Jiaxing BMW i4 price reduction news! The latest offer is 313,900, and the quantity is limited.

[car home Jiaxing Preferential Promotion Channel] At present, large-scale preferential activities are being carried out in Jiaxing area. The maximum discount amount reached 148,900 yuan, and the minimum starting price was only 313,900 yuan. If you are interested in this model, you may wish to click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to get a higher discount.

嘉兴宝马i4降价消息!最新报价31.39万,数量有限

BMW i4 adopts a unique front face design, and the iconic kidney-shaped air intake grille is particularly eye-catching. The air intake grille is mainly closed design, which emphasizes its electric identity. The body lines are smooth, and the overall style is dynamic and futuristic, showing the high-end and sporty atmosphere of the BMW brand.

嘉兴宝马i4降价消息!最新报价31.39万,数量有限

BMW i4 has elegant body lines, with a body size of 4785*1852*1455mm and a wheelbase of 2856mm, providing spacious and comfortable seating space for passengers. The front and rear wheel tracks are 1601mm and 1630mm respectively, which ensures the stability and handling of the vehicle. In addition, it is equipped with 245/45 R18 front tires and 255/45 R18 rear tires, and with dynamic rim design, it further enhances the sense of movement and driving experience of the vehicle.

嘉兴宝马i4降价消息!最新报价31.39万,数量有限

The interior design of BMW i4 combines modern technology with luxurious texture. The center console is equipped with a 14.9-inch high-definition touch screen and the built-in iDrive 8.0 system, which supports voice recognition to control multimedia, navigation, telephone and air conditioning, greatly improving the driving experience. The steering wheel is made of high-grade leather, which provides manual up-and-down and forward-and-backward adjustment functions to ensure that the driver finds the best grip position. In addition, the car is equipped with a variety of multimedia and charging interfaces, including USB and Type-C interfaces, to meet the charging needs of different devices. In terms of seats, BMW i4 provides a variety of material choices, including imitation leather, genuine leather and leather /Alcantara mix and match. The main and auxiliary seats support multi-directional adjustment and heating functions, while the rear seats support proportional tilting, which improves the ride comfort and space flexibility.

嘉兴宝马i4降价消息!最新报价31.39万,数量有限

The engine of BMW i4 has a strong output, with a maximum power of 210kW and a maximum torque of 400 Nm, which provides excellent acceleration performance and power performance for the vehicle.

It is said that the BMW i4 has excellent sound insulation effect, abundant power, and the design is very king-like, especially the volcanic red interior. He thinks that it is not even inferior to Mercedes-Benz’s sister.

The cheapest 8-seat SAIC GM Wuling, priced 67,800

The high-configuration route is a feature that domestic cars have always adhered to, and the price is also more down-to-earth. With the double blessing of these two advantages, domestic cars are increasingly sought after by consumers. Today, I picked a car to introduce to you, and it is it. Let’s take a look.

First of all, from the appearance point of view, Wuling Hongguang PLUS front design is very avant-garde personality, coupled with multi-format grille, looks more elegant. The headlights are very in line with the consumer’s aesthetic, the overall appearance is very young. The car is equipped with etc. To the side of the body, the car body size is 4720MM*1840MM*1810MM, the car adopts the lines of youthful personality, the side looks very delicate, with large-sized thick-walled tires, the shape is quite simple. At the rear of the car, the overall shape of Wuling Hongguang PLUS echoes the front of the car, and the taillights are very comfortable. Coupled with the unique exhaust pipe, it is very simple.

Sitting in the car, the interior design has taken the fashionable sports route and is full of fighting atmosphere. The steering wheel of the car looks very good, made of plastic material, and everything looks very clean and refreshing. Let’s take a look at the central control. The design of the center console is reasonable, which makes the interior style impressive, and the details are still in place. The interior feels good. Let’s take a look at the dashboard and seats. The dashboard design is remarkable and looks very cool. The car adopts fabric seats and is equipped with functions such as the seat being reclined as a whole, which makes the overall ride feel soft and comfortable.

Wuling Hongguang PLUS is matched with a manual (MT) gearbox, with a maximum power of 108KW and a maximum torque of 250N.m, resulting in good power performance.

The Wuling Hongguang PLUS has good trunk space and can also expand the storage space by reclining the rear seats, which is enough for daily use. In addition, the car is equipped with anti-lock braking (ABS), brake assistance (EBA/BAS, etc.), braking force distribution (EBD), traction control (ASR/TCS, etc.), body stability control (ESP/DSC, etc.) main driver airbags, passenger seat airbags and other safety configurations.

This car has already been introduced. I believe that many users who buy a car have taken a fancy to its comfort and practicality. As long as you like it, then buy it boldly.

The Hangzhou drag racing perpetrator was asked to be arrested, and the charges involved were decided by the court

  Yesterday morning, the Hangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau held a press conference on the "May 7" traffic accident case. Zheng Xiansheng, spokesperson and executive deputy director of the Hangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau, answered questions of general public concern and apologized to the public for the "70 yards" (ie 70 km/h) statement.


  Zheng Xiansheng said that the alleged offender Hu Bin has been the same day by the public security organ traffic accident to the prosecution for approval.


  The perpetrator, Hu Bin, takes full responsibility


  Zheng Xiansheng first reported the investigation of the "May 7" traffic accident. He introduced that at about 20:08 on May 7, the perpetrator Hu Bin (male, 20 years old, a student of the Department of Physical Education of Hangzhou Normal University) drove a small car (license plate number is Zhejiang A608Z0), Kong Weiwei, and Yuan ****** respectively drove to Xicheng Square to watch a movie. While passing through the section of Nandu Dejia West District of Wener West Road, the vehicle driven by Hu Bin hit Tan Zhuo (male, 25 years old, registered at Building 9-2, No. 1 Chuangye Road, Puyan Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, an employee of Hangzhou Yisai Communication Company), killing Tan Zhuo. After the accident, the traffic police department of the Hangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau found out that Hu Bin had a traffic violation of speeding, and failed to stop or slow down the pedestrians when driving through the crosswalk, which was suspected of constituting a traffic accident. On May 8, the Hangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau executed criminal detention of Hu Bin.


  Zheng Xiansheng said that the public security traffic police department has determined that Hu Bin took full responsibility for the accident, and the victim Tan Zhuo was not responsible.


  Zheng Xiansheng said that on May 15, the Hangzhou Public Security Bureau asked the procuratorial organs for approval of the arrest of the alleged offender Hu Bin on suspicion of traffic accident.


  The term "70 yards" is not rigorous and inappropriate


  "It is not rigorous and appropriate for the police department to quote the perpetrator and his companions about 70 yards," Zheng Xiansheng said of the traffic police’s initial determination that Hu Bin’s speed was "70 yards", which caused widespread public skepticism. We apologize for the misunderstanding caused. "


  On the question of whether Hu Bin was "drag racing", Zheng Xiansheng said that according to witness testimony, suspect confessions, video materials and identification conclusions, Hu Bin committed serious illegal speeding behavior. "For traffic violations such as drag racing and illegally modified cars on urban roads that seriously endanger people’s lives and safety, we will always insist on strict supervision and heavy punishment according to law," Zheng Xiansheng said.


  The local police also released surveillance video of the vehicle’s trajectory. It was also revealed that the alleged offender Hu Bin clearly expressed no objection to the appraisal report of the "May 7" traffic accident case, and the family members of the victims have not yet expressed their position.


  Secretary of the Municipal Party Committee:


  I am responsible for the death of Tan Zhuo


  Will be strictly investigated and dealt with with an "iron fist"


  Yesterday, Wang Guoping, a member of the Standing Committee of the Zhejiang Provincial Party Committee and Secretary of the Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee, responded to netizens’ concerns about the "May 7" traffic accident in an online interview jointly held by Hangzhou.com and Zhejiang Online.


  "As party secretary, I also have an unshirkable responsibility for Tan Zhuo’s tragic death," Mr. Wang said. "The party committee and municipal government will investigate and deal with this matter strictly and quickly according to the law with iron determination and iron skills, and strictly prevent such tragedies from happening again in Hangzhou."


  Wang Guoping said that the Hangzhou Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Government have clearly requested the law enforcement departments to immediately start special project rectification actions, resolutely investigate and punish serious traffic violations such as drag racing and speeding, and severely punish the unauthorized modification and change of motor vehicle engines, exhaust pipes and other devices. (Zeng Xiangrong)


  The police explained:


  Whether it constitutes a crime against public safety


  It’s up to the court to decide


  Asked why Mr. Hu had been arrested on "suspicion of causing a traffic accident", Mr. Zheng explained: "This is mainly based on the relevant facts and evidence obtained at this stage. What kind of crime Hu Bin constitutes ultimately depends on the court’s judgment."


  Some lawyers analyzed to reporters that whether the procuratorial organs prosecute for the crime of endangering public safety depends on whether the case meets the constituent elements of the crime. If the constituent elements of the crime of endangering public safety are met, even if the procuratorate does not prosecute the alleged offender for the crime of endangering public safety, the court will do so. (Zeng Xiangrong)


  The sentencing of the two crimes is very different


  Crimes against public security: sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 10 years, life imprisonment or the death penalty.


  Traffic accident crime: sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not more than 3 years or criminal detention; those who escape after a traffic accident or have other particularly bad circumstances shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 3 years but not more than 7 years; those who cause death due to escape shall be sentenced to fixed-term imprisonment of not less than 7 years.


  Chengdu case:


  One killed and five injured in drag racing


  Car owner charged with "endangering public safety"


  On the evening of April 26, Jiang Jiajun, a son of a wealthy family, was drunk and drove an unlicensed "Humvee" in a serial crash, causing one death and five injuries. The local police asked the prosecutor to approve the arrest on the grounds that Jiang Jiajun was suspected of "traffic accident", but the Chengdu High-tech District Procuratorate decided to approve the arrest of Jiang Jiajun on suspicion of "endangering public safety by dangerous methods".


  The prosecutor described four reasons for the change: driving while intoxicated; speeding, with the speed limit of 60 kilometers per hour on the Second Ring Road, when the suspect was driving at a speed of 80 to 100 kilometers per hour; driving in a series of collisions, which caused serious consequences; and the suspect’s "crazy" behavior, which meets the criminal constitution of "endangering public safety."


  Some legal sources say that the Chengdu drag racing case can be regarded as a model version of the Hangzhou drag racing case.


  Event playback:


  On May 7, Tan Zhuo, a 25-year-old graduate of Zhejiang University, was hit by a speeding Mitsubishi sports car while crossing the road in downtown Hangzhou and died due to ineffective rescue.


  In the early morning of May 8, the incident was exposed on the Internet, and netizens went viral, conducting "human flesh searches" for the perpetrators and their parents.


  On May 8, Cai Qi, mayor of Hangzhou, said: "This is an appalling tragedy. The city’s traffic police detachment should analyze it well and take further measures to strictly prohibit illegal speeding. The perpetrators should be severely punished according to law. Make up your mind to completely solve the problem of illegal speeding."


  On the afternoon of May 8, the Hangzhou police, based on the confession of the perpetrator, said that the speed of the car was 70 yards, which aroused doubts among netizens.


  On the evening of May 8, thousands of people spontaneously gathered at the scene to pay tribute to Tan Zhuo.


  On May 9, the perpetrator, Hu Bin, was detained by the police on suspicion of causing a traffic accident.


  On May 10, the Hangzhou Public Security Bureau said that it would handle the case fairly based on the law to ensure that the facts are clear and the evidence is conclusive.


  On May 12, the person in charge of the Hangzhou Municipal Public Security Bureau introduced that in order to objectively, fairly and scientifically determine the speeding and vehicle modification problems involved in the accident, the public security organ has commissioned the Zhejiang Blue Arrow Product Quality Judicial Appraisal Office to conduct the appraisal.


  On May 14, the accident appraisal report was released, and the conclusion that the speed of the vehicle was 70 yards was overturned. The speed of the accident vehicle on the road section was in the range of 84.1 km/h to 101.2 km/h, and the engine intake and exhaust system, headlights, suspension, tires and rims, and interior of the vehicle had been modified or partially modified on the basis of the original model.


  On May 15, the Hangzhou Public Security Bureau asked the procuratorate to arrest the perpetrators and apologized for the previous 70-yard claim.

  Related links:



  • Hangzhou police identified Hu Bin, the perpetrator of the "drag racing case", as fully responsible for the accident 2009-05-15

  • Hangzhou police for traffic accident to approve the arrest of Hu Bin 2009-05-15

  • Hangzhou police to traffic accident request the arrest of drag racing 2009-05-15

Editor in charge: Peng Wei

Zhang Ziyi scolded him angrily. Wu Jing Hu Ge was furious on the spot. Why did "shooting on behalf of" black products continue to be banned?

Author | Sandy

"Do not advocate, do not advocate, do not encourage."

On August 30, Ni Ni’s studio used "three nos" when explaining the incident of "being hit by a substitute". This also represents the attitude of most stars that "substitute" is inconvenient but helpless.

Afterwards, Zhang Ziyi sent a Weibo to angrily denounce the surrogate auction, and "surrogate auction" was once again on the hot search. Many celebrities who had suffered from surrogate auction also expressed their disgust with the act of surrogate auction.

"Daipai" is a person who makes money by selling celebrity photos to fans or by rubbing celebrity traffic. It is a complete black product derived from the fan economy.

 

Nowadays, professional "surrogate photography" was becoming more and more arrogant. Long guns and short cannons surrounded the stars to shoot randomly, and some even wanted to put the camera on the stars’ faces, which caused great trouble to the stars. Moreover, surrogate photography venues were no longer limited to airports, but also large red carpets, film festivals, concerts, hotels, program recording sites, and other places where celebrities frequented.

Celebrities are annoying, but "shooting on behalf of" is unscrupulous

Unlike fans, when taking photos, they often don’t care whether the star cares, whether the public order allows it, whether it will affect passers-by, etc., but only press the shutter frantically towards the star’s face.

In addition to Ni Ni, there are many more celebrities who are deeply troubled by airport photography.

From October to December 2019, Xiao Zhan’s boarding was blocked many times due to the interference of "shooting on behalf of", and even caused flight delays. Xiao Zhan Studio stated its position, "does not support or advocate any form of pick-up and drop-off behavior". Xiao Zhan Global Support Association also responded positively, but the number of people "surrounding" Xiao Zhan at the airport has not decreased.

In December last year, Wu Jing was surrounded by many photographers and broadcasters at the airport. Because these people almost hit the child, he scolded in person: "Look at the child there, see? You are really not good, what should you do if you hit the child!"

 

Hu Ge also scolded the filming at the airport due to the same situation, "Say it again, don’t shoot, shoot again!"

 

Zheng Shuang was frantically chased by the surrogate, Angelababy fans were slapped on behalf of others, and Wang Chenyi’s Weibo reprimanded the surrogate "not because you want to take pictures, the whole world has to make way for you". Hu Yanbin also said, "Don’t do any surrogate photography, if you really like it, come by yourself."

According to CCTV coverage, only the T3 terminal of the Capital Airport, there were 20 recorded fan police reports in 2017, and the number of fans was more than 50; from January to July 2018, there were 7 recorded fan police reports, and on April 20 this year, because more than a dozen stars passed through Shanghai, the glass of Hongqiao Airport was crushed by fans.

The fan economy has spawned too many new professions. Like illegitimate people, professional auction also has a relatively complete set of workflows and industrial chains.

 

Search for "shooting on behalf of" on Weibo, Taobao and other platforms, and you can find many people who provide such services, indicate the resident area, note the lens model, and the price can also be negotiated.

According to the Beijing Youth Daily, airport photographers usually pass through security by purchasing air tickets, take photos, and then refund the tickets before leaving the airport. The pictures obtained by shooting will be priced at tens of yuan to hundreds of yuan according to the star’s coffee position and the quality of the pictures. The price of pictures with clear pictures and good content will naturally be higher.

The purpose of shooting on behalf of the buyer is also different. Some are "on the way" to shoot on behalf of the buyer, while others make money by selling photos to fans, picture websites, etc.

 

Where is the legal boundary of "surrogate auction"?

Wang, a lawyer at the National Consulting Law Firm, told Maoyingtv: "If a covered bridge is blocked for taking photos, airport management personnel should take measures to stop the photo-taking, eliminate the nuisance and maintain normal public order. If you do not obey or do this repeatedly, you are suspected of disturbing public order and violating the relevant provisions of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Administrative Punishments for Public Security, which can be handed over to the public security organs. If the airport strengthens management of this behavior, flight delays can be avoided."

 

Without buying and selling, there is no surrogate auction. Surrogate auction itself is a natural market behavior. If it is not for the frequent hot searches that disrupt public order, it is difficult to say that it is illegal, because whether it is illegal requires the parties to protect their rights and collect evidence. Therefore, the core of curbing surrogate auction is the star himself.

 

In this regard, lawyer Wang of Guozi Law Firm replied: "If a star clearly refuses to shoot, but is still photographed and profits are made, the photographer may be involved in infringing the star’s portrait rights, reputation rights, etc. The star can sue for compensation or ask for a reasonable profit share."

 

An employee at a celebrity’s studio told maoyingtv: "Stars basically don’t sue for filming on their behalf, because the cost of rights protection is too high. Some people mind but no one is so serious."

 

As a public figure, you shoot me but I’m a scissor hand, which means I don’t mind you taking pictures. If you sell my beautiful photos for money, I don’t care if I’m in a good mood, but let me know that the price is too high, I may be jealous and ask you for money. Once you pick a photo of me that is particularly ugly and make a profit, it makes me very uncomfortable for others to joke, and I may sue you for infringing my portrait rights, reputation rights, etc., and you have to compensate me for the money you make from selling photos.

 

On the one hand, the cost of rights protection is high, and on the other hand, it is difficult to get ahead with guns, "Yama is good to see little ghosts and difficult to deal with." So we see that celebrities basically choose to issue Weibo condemnation or berate the surrogate when the shooting happens, and no one uses legal weapons to protect themselves, and the relevant departments will naturally not file a case.

Celebrities under the black production

Some people berate, some acquiesce, some cooperate

 

The prosperity of surrogate photography may be related to the ecosystem of the fan circle that has been formed for a long time. Except for a few official occasions, the number of times that celebrities and fans meet is not very large. If a star enters the group to shoot, the cycle of fans missing will be longer. Therefore, the front-line pictures released from time to time are very much needed in the fan circle.

 

The airport is an active front for the "station sisters" and "station brothers". They carry professional cameras, record the figure of Idol, and post refined pictures on social media to attract fans and support Idol.

 

The station sisters can’t guarantee all the airport shooting of Aidou, and the new profession of surrogate photography was born under this situation. The station sisters have materials to support the operation of the station, and the surrogate photographer can also get paid, "the supply and demand relationship is stable".

 

For celebrities, the airport is also a good place to "do business". The number of airport pickups is a direct reflection of a star’s popularity. When popular stars are struggling with fans to pick up the plane, there are also some stars who are not very popular who ask "professional fans" to pick up the plane, creating a false prosperity scene.

 

In addition, celebrity endorsement products need to be exposed, whether it is Yang Mi, the queen of airport delivery, or Ouyang Nana, the walking "Converse girl", airport delivery is also a reflection of star popularity in commercial value.

 

A senior Weibo entertainment company who did not want to be named toldCat Shadow Entertainment (ID: maoyingtv): "It is true that surrogate photography in public places does more harm than good. Some celebrities choose to speak out, and some choose to be silent and low-key, but there is also a trend that celebrities and surrogate photography cooperate with each other and get what they need. Some celebrity agents or assistants have the contact information of surrogate photography or are familiar with them, and they will also use these surrogate photography for other exposure purposes. For example: communicate with the surrogate in advance to find points, remind the star of the position, dress and posture, and ensure the beauty of the photo. It is definitely not as simple as imagined."

Sometimes, the staff around the star also need to have a good relationship with the photographer, so that the photos can be selected and then circulated, and the star can get positive publicity or sell goods for their respective brands. "Ugly photos" that are not related may be sold to illegitimate fans or even black fans for profit.

A new means of short video drainage and monetization?

What is unexpected is that the generation of celebrities has spread from the rice circle and become a means for some short video users to attract and monetize.

"Finance and Economics World Weekly" mentioned that in an article titled "Ten Thousands of Big Coffee Teach You How to Drainage and Monetization", the author said that the best way is to shoot on behalf of celebrities, one is low cost and high attention; the second is that celebrities are public figures, and they generally have hats and glasses when traveling, which reduces the probability of infringement; the third is that the video is original, easy to be recommended and popular.

 

The station sisters want to convey more timely and fresh materials, the stars need to operate normally, and the ordinary people want to drain and cash out, etc. These are the reasons why the airport shooting still thrives despite the ban of popular stars, studios, and fan official support associations.

 

Although as early as July 2018, the Civil Aviation Administration of China issued the "Notice on Strengthening the Management of Fan Pick-up and Drop-off Phenomenon", it mentioned that phenomena such as "fan follow-up" and "fan pick-up and drop-off causing flight delays" should affect normal work and public security order, and strengthen management.

 

Regarding public order, some relevant departments can solve it by increasing the security of public places, but as long as the interests are still there, the problem of shooting chaos will not be eradicated. For bad shooting behavior, I hope that the injured stars can take the initiative to stand up and use legal means to protect their rights.

 

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