标签： 上海后花园

Talent is the first resource, and it is also a strategic resource to win the initiative of international competition. At present, the development of scientific and technological talents in China has made remarkable achievements, but many aspects of the vitality of scientific and technological talents still do not meet the requirements of high-quality development, and it is urgent to speed up reform.

First, the achievements and shortcomings of scientific and technological talents’ innovation vitality

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has attached great importance to the work of scientific and technological talents, and successively issued Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the System and Mechanism of Talent Development, Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of the Evaluation Mechanism of Talents by Classification, Pilot Implementation Plan on Giving Scientific and Technological Researchers the Ownership or Long-term Use Right of Scientific and Technological Achievements, Notice on Implementing the Relevant Documents Giving Scientific and Technological Institutions and Personnel Greater Autonomy, Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions to Innovate and Entrepreneurship, which have played an important role in stimulating the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents. The innovation ability of scientific and technological talents in China has been continuously improved, but the innovation potential still needs to be further explored. Mainly as follows:

(A) the ability of talent innovation has been continuously enhanced, but there is still much room for improvement in the vitality of talent innovation.

China Science and Technology Talents Development Report 2020 shows that the total number of scientific and technological talents in China has increased rapidly. In 2019, the total number of R&D personnel in the country was 7.13 million, 1.3 times that of 2015. However, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries in terms of scientific and technological talent reserve. In 2021, the number of researchers per million people in China was 539, which was lower than that in developed countries such as the United States (3,496), Japan (5,078), Germany (3,168) and France (1916), and the gap with the average level of high-income countries (3,036) was also very obvious (Figure 1).

In 2021, the ranking of China Global Innovation Index has risen from 34th in 2012 to 12th. In recent ten years, the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China has also been continuously improved. However, the national R&D researchers account for only 43.9% of the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel, which is lower than that of major economies in the world (50%). Among them, the proportion of full-time equivalent of R&D basic researchers has a downward trend (Figure 2). There is still a big gap between China and the major countries in the world in the investment intensity of R&D personnel and the proportion of basic researchers in R&D personnel. In recent years, the growth rate of R&D personnel in enterprises has slowed down, which needs more attention.

Figure 1 Comparison of scientific and technological talents between China and developed countries in 2021 (person)

Data source: According to the data of International Statistical Yearbook 2021 of the National Bureau of Statistics.

Figure 2 Changes of full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China from 2011 to 2020 (person-year,%)

Source: Wind database.

(B) The input-output efficiency of scientific research has improved significantly, but the value of human capital of scientific researchers has not been properly reflected.

In recent years, the citation rate of China’s scientific research papers has increased significantly, and it has formed an influence in certain fields. According to the Statistical Report of Scientific Papers in China in 2021, the number of papers in top international journals in China ranks second in the world, rising by two places, and the number of highly cited papers and hot papers continues to rank second in the world, among which international co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China. However, China lacks originality and basic innovation, its core technology and bottom technology are still controlled by others, and its innovation ability still cannot meet the requirements of high-quality development, and there is still a gap with the world-class powers. At present, the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements in China is only about 10%, and the industrialization rate is less than 5%. Take the proportion of internal expenditure of R&D funds and technology market transactions in GDP as an example, the proportion of basic research is low, and the growth rate is lower than that of internal expenditure of R&D funds. At the same time, the proportion of technology market transactions in GDP is less than 3% (Figure 3). The market-oriented conversion rate of scientific research results is not high, which affects the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers.

Figure 3 Changes of R&D investment in China from 2011 to 2020 (RMB 10,000,%)

Source: According to the Wind database.

From the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers, in recent years, the salary of scientific and technological talents in China has increased steadily, but compared with other types of personnel at the same level, the salary level of scientific and technological personnel is still not competitive, and the salary level of scientific and technological personnel does not match its contribution. According to the salary survey data of enterprises in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the median salary of engineering technicians, agricultural technicians and health professionals in China in 2021 was 71,000 yuan/year, 49,400 yuan/year and 57,100 yuan/year respectively, which was lower than the salary level of management, finance and IT (Table 1). From the comparison of job types in enterprises, taking the median salary as an example, the salary level of professional and technical personnel in the same rank is lower than that of management personnel (Table 2). In terms of industries, the wages of professional and technical personnel are generally above the average level of regulated enterprises, but in most industries, such as mining and manufacturing, the wages of professional and technical personnel are lower than those of managers of the same rank.

Table 1 Comparison of salaries of professional and technical personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

Table 2 Comparison of salaries of technical and management personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

(3) The level of scientific research opening has been greatly improved, but the phenomenon of brain drain is still outstanding.

In recent years, the level of scientific and technological talents’ foreign academic exchanges and scientific research cooperation in China has been continuously enhanced. According to Statistics of Scientific Papers in China in 2021 published by China Science and Technology Information Research, from 2011 to 2021, the proportion of papers produced by 10 disciplines in China exceeded 20% in the world. Among the international papers published in China in 2020, there were 144,500 international co-authored papers, up by 11.1% year-on-year. International co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China, and international co-authored papers with China as the first author account for 69.3% of all international co-authored papers in China, with partners involving 169 countries (regions).

However, for a long time, the loss of scientific and technological talents abroad, and the loss of scientific and technological talents from state-owned departments to the private sector is still relatively common. According to the data of the Ministry of Education, in 2022, nearly 700,000 China students chose to stay abroad, and the proportion of Tsinghua University and Peking University studying abroad reached 14.2% and 18.9%, while the proportion of Qingbei students returning to China was only 20%. According to a survey conducted by the Paulson Foundation in the United States in 2020, about 60% of AI scientists in the world work in American universities, companies or private research institutions, and two-thirds of them come to the United States for further study after graduating from other countries. The main source of students is China, accounting for 27%, and 32,000 Chinese scientists have voluntarily become American citizens. There are many high-end talents among them.

In addition, the state-owned sector is also facing the challenge of the flow of scientific and technological talents to private enterprises. According to the research and development center of China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology on Aerospace Science and Technology Group, from 2012 to 2016, the total number of people leaving the main institutions of the group showed an upward trend, with the annual turnover rate exceeding 10%, and the loss was concentrated in the young and middle-aged backbone groups under 35.

Second, development concepts, institutional mechanisms and talent policies affect the release of talent vitality.

With the rapid changes of economic, social and technological progress, the traditional management mode of scientific and technological talents has not adapted to the development requirements of the new era, and the scientific research management system and mechanism restrict the development of scientific and technological talents’ innovation and creativity. At present, we need to stimulate the vitality of scientific and technological talents more than at any time in history, and it is urgent to press the "acceleration button" for talent reform.

(A) The concept of talent development, some regions and departments have failed to pay attention to the all-round development of people and the diversified demands of talents.

Some cadres have not fully applied the development law of scientific and technological talents, some ways of thinking are still in the era of planned economy, and some important decisions often "see things but not people", which is not enough to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific and technological talents. In some jobs, there are many elements about the importance of talents, but there are not many practical and effective measures to stimulate the vitality of talents. Some state-owned units are still stuck in the traditional personnel management mode, and the talent management mode is extensive and backward, emphasizing material incentives and neglecting the shaping of talent environment. There are still many institutional and institutional obstacles in personnel training, introduction, use, motivation and mobility, and the system of introducing foreign talents and high-end skilled immigrants is still not perfect.

The concept of all-round development of scientific and technological talents has not yet been formed, the training of top-notch innovative talents is lagging behind, the education system has put too much emphasis on result orientation, and the atmosphere of attaching importance to exam-oriented education and knowledge infusion, ignoring interest cultivation and innovation discovery is still very strong. Some highly educated international students have global vision and cutting-edge knowledge, and have been integrated into the forefront of global scientific and technological development. However, the attraction of these talents returning to China for development is insufficient, and the brain drain problem is still outstanding. There is still a big gap between China and the global talent center.

The "administrative color" of scientific research personnel management is still very prominent, which emphasizes management over service. There are many reports, many approvals and long time-consuming in the declaration and evaluation of scientific research projects, and scientific research personnel have to spend a lot of time and energy in administrative affairs. There are too many detailed items in the budget of scientific research funds, and many requirements are not suitable for the uncertainty and periodicity of scientific research activities. There are many restrictions on the payment of wages and labor expenses for scientific research funds, and the knowledge labor of scientific research personnel cannot be properly reflected. Excessive frequent assessment restricts the initiative of scientific and technological talents to concentrate on research. According to a survey conducted by the Policy Research Group of the Talent Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the three measures that scientific and technological talents most want to speed up implementation are loosening burdens, supporting talents to carry out basic research for a long time and giving them greater autonomy, with the selection ratios of 40.2%, 35.9% and 32.8% respectively.

(B) Talent incentive mechanism, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of talent resources is not fully played.

The system and mechanism to promote the entrepreneurship of scientific and technological talent officers need to be further optimized, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of human resources has not been fully exerted, and the human capital value of scientific and technological talents has not been properly reflected. In recent years, the internationalization, marketization and competitiveness of scientific and technological personnel in China’s state-owned departments have been continuously improved. However, in some state-owned enterprises, the problems of "lying flat", "Buddhism" and overstaffed personnel are still outstanding. Due to strict identity management, low salary and narrow promotion space, some state-owned departments have lost their own scientific and technological talents, and the ranks of scientific and technological talents are unstable.

Due to the unreasonable performance appraisal and salary distribution system, some units can not reflect more work and more pay, and distribution according to work, which leads to many scientific and technological talents in state-owned enterprises doing more and doing less, and doing the same with not doing it. There are also some enterprises that lack an incentive job development system, which makes it difficult for scientific and technological talents to be promoted and moved. Some talents can’t see their career development prospects and their entrepreneurial enthusiasm can’t be mobilized. In some public-owned units, the talent incentive means is single, so it is difficult to mobilize the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of talent officers, and the reform of salary distribution such as equity incentive is slow. Especially under the background of digital economy, human capital elements play a prominent role in various enterprises, but the human capital value of core technicians and outstanding operators has not been properly reflected after the reform. The traditional salary system, which mainly focuses on wages and bonuses, can no longer meet the needs of enterprise development. The reform of state-owned enterprises in market-oriented selection, contractual management, differentiated salary and market-oriented exit is not in place, and they cannot retain core talents, so they are at a relative disadvantage in talent competition.

(C) In terms of talent policy, there are problems such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation and untimely evaluation.

In recent years, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific research talents, many talent policies have been issued from the central government to the local government, such as Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging the Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions and Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Distribution Policy Oriented to Increasing Knowledge Value. However, there are still some problems in the process of policy implementation, such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation, lack of supporting facilities and untimely evaluation, which cause "good policies" to fail to achieve "good results". Take actively encouraging scientific researchers to take part-time jobs, take part in projects and start businesses as an example. Due to the lack of supporting implementation rules, some scientific research units are difficult to grasp who can take part-time jobs, how to manage part-time workers and how to confirm knowledge achievements, and there are practical difficulties such as "thinking out" and "going out can’t come back". The lack of evaluation of the talent policy that has been implemented for a period of time is not conducive to policy iteration, and it is not conducive to timely adjustment, which affects the effect of policy implementation.　

Third, countermeasures and suggestions

Talent vitality is "released", not "managed". It is suggested to further change the concept of talents, speed up the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of talents, optimize the talent policy, create a better talent ecology, and create conditions for further releasing the vitality of talents.

The first is to change the concept of talent development and promote the development of talent career with comprehensive evaluation of talents.In terms of talent concept, it is necessary to further improve the evaluation system of scientific and technological talents with classification, scientific diversity and openness. According to the job characteristics, set evaluation indicators, and recognize the performance of job responsibilities, participation in scientific research work, high-level papers published, and the effectiveness of achievements transformation as contributions, so as to avoid using only signed achievements as the basis for assessment and evaluation.

The second is to speed up the reform of the system of scientific and technological talents and stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents with the guidance of increasing knowledge value.On the basis of ensuring the normal growth of the basic salary level, we will gradually increase the basic salary that reflects the innovative talents to perform their duties and responsibilities, and increase the autonomy of performance pay. We will increase the sharing ratio of scientific and technological achievements of researchers, and increase the fruitful income of researchers through multiple channels. Give researchers the long-term right to use their scientific and technological achievements for not less than 10 years, and clarify the specific operation methods for researchers to take part-time jobs.

The third is to speed up the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" for scientific and technological talents and further create "relaxation" for scientific research.Give scientists more power to decide the technical route, control more funds and dispatch more resources, and accelerate the formation of strategic fulcrum and yan zhen pattern. Promote scientific research units to reduce the frequency of assessment, implement medium-and long-term assessment such as employment period assessment and project cycle assessment, and simplify and dilute the usual assessment. Open major national scientific research infrastructure and large-scale scientific research instruments to the society, and improve the use efficiency of scientific research equipment and the synergistic effect of innovation.

The fourth is to optimize all kinds of talent policies and actively shape the ecological environment of scientific and technological talents suitable for people to give full play to their talents.Vigorously carry forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" with innovation as the core in the whole society, and vigorously cultivate an environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure. Consultation channels should be established for management issues and financial systems with strong policies, and good practices, experiences and cases of local and unit scientific and technological talents development should be well publicized.　

(The author Qian Cheng is an associate researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center; Feng Wenmeng is a researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center)

Hi, everyone, it’s Friday, October 20th, 2023. Today’s important scientific and technological information includes:

JD.COM held a conference on "JD.COM 11.11 is really cheap" on October 19th. At the press conference, witnessed by relevant units of China Consumers Association, JD.COM and representatives of Midea, Xiaomi, Vida, China Gold, Uni-President Petrochemical, Dong ‘e Ejiao, Wangfujing Duty Free, Jingkelong and other brand businesses jointly launched the "JD.COM 11.11 Real Low Price Initiative". > > view details

On October 19th, @ Xiaomi Company and @ Lei Jun issued a document through the official Weibo to warm up the Xiaomi 14 series mobile phones that will officially debut soon. This preheating focuses on the image of the mobile phone, which will be released this month. According to reports, Xiaomi 14 series mobile phones will be equipped with Leica Summilux lens for the first time, and a "new generation optical system solution" jointly built by a new professional high-dynamic image sensor for mobile optics. > > view details

A few days ago, the State Press and Publication Administration issued a notice on the implementation of the online game boutique publishing project. The notice said that in order to strengthen the positive guidance of online games, promote online games to promote truth, goodness and beauty, spread positive energy, and promote the healthy and orderly development of the game industry, the State Press and Publication Administration decided to organize and implement the online game boutique publishing project. > > view details

AITO Jiejie Automobile issued a document on October 19th to preheat the appearance of the flagship SUV model Jiejie M9. According to reports, the design of the car focuses on "combining humanities and technology, starting from the ultimate experience of driving" and "letting form follow function and returning design to essence", and its inspiration comes from the god beast "Kun Peng" in Zhuangzi’s "Happy Travel". > > view details

According to the official news of Tesla, the new version of Model 3 Huan was officially launched on October 19, in which the rear-wheel drive version was priced at 259,900 and the long-life all-wheel drive version was priced at 295,900. At the end of October, the test cars arrived at the store one after another, and the first batch of users delivered them at the end of October. > > view details

At the global conference of OPPO Find N3 held on the afternoon of October 19th, the new OPPO Find N3 folding screen machine was officially released, which was called "opening a new generation of moving images", and the price of the new machine started from 9999 yuan.

Equipped with Qualcomm Snapdragon 8 Gen 2 mobile processing platform, supplemented by LPDDR5X memory and UFS 4.0 flash memory, it supports dual-axis graphite heat dissipation. The unfolded thickness of the fuselage is only 5.8mm, the folded thickness is 11.7mm, the glass version weighs 245g, and the leather version weighs 239g, providing three new color schemes: Qian Shan Green, Log Gold and Submarine Black. > > view details

QQ Mailbox recently launched membership benefits, 25 yuan/month, 300 yuan/12 months. After opening QQ email members, the mailbox capacity and transfer station capacity can be expanded to 2048GB, and the size of a single attachment can be increased to 10GB, with a validity period of 90 days, which supports online decompression and VIP email address. > > view details

In August this year, NVIDIA announced the launch of NVIDIA DLSS 3.5. This technology adopts ray reconstruction technology, which is a new AI model and can create higher quality ray tracing images for intensive ray tracing games and applications.

YouTuber @Nate the Hate got some new information from insiders. It is said that Switch 2 (unnamed) being developed by Nintendo will also support NVIDIA DLSS 3.5, and even have more potential than PS5 and Xbox Series X|S in ray tracing. > > view details

After Bloomberg reported that Apple’s sales in China, one of its largest markets, were poor, Jeff Pu, an analyst at haitong international Securities, also confirmed the news, and he also shared some information about the 16 series.

Jeff Pu said that Apple will not design a chip with weak performance based on A17 Pro chip, but will provide A18 series chips for iPhone 16 series. Around the overheating problem, Pu thinks that this is caused by the poor design of A17 Pro chip. Although it is manufactured in the 3 nm process, it is not more powerful or efficient than the previous generation chip. > > view details

Haobo HT, a large and medium-sized luxury pure electric SUV model owned by Guangzhou Automobile Ai ‘an, ushered in its first show on the evening of October 19th, and started the pre-sale, with the pre-sale price starting from 220,000 yuan. According to reports, Haobo HT supports the only 800V 5C UHV flash charging in the world, and it can recharge 450km after charging for 10 minutes. > > view details

After preheating on October 18th, on October 19th, Meizu officially announced the new mobile phone product-Meizu 20 Classic, which will provide three color schemes, the memory will be upgraded to 16GB, and the price will start from 3099 yuan. The reservation has been opened, and you can enjoy 12 interest-free periods at most, and give TWS headphones. > > view details

The first model of Luxeed, which is jointly launched by Huawei Zhixuan and Chery, is expected to open Dading in mid-October, enter the store on October 20, and go on sale in late November.

The official Weibo of Zhijie Automobile has been officially launched, but at present it has only passed the blue V certification without any other information. If there is no accident, Zhijie Automobile will start the warm-up publicity in the near future. > > view details

Let’s stop here for today. Technology last night and this morning, let’s see you tomorrow.

1905 movie network news 　Recently, the film is being shown all over the country, and the box office performance is good. Shawn Yue, who plays Yang Jian in the film, made an exclusive visit to the film channel "China Film Report" and told the host Guo Wei the behind-the-scenes story of playing the brand-new role of Yang Jian. Shawn Yue said that he loved Erlang God of Yang Jian since he was a child. This time, when he appeared in The Story of Wukong, he had to choose Yang Jian and perform the role both inside and outside, just to set a new benchmark.

A few days ago, Shawn Yue was an exclusive guest in China Film Report, and introduced Yang Jian, a new role in The Story of Wukong. He said that his role was decided by director Guo Zijian in advance, and claimed that only he would be so stupid as to listen to the director and take the role. Then he laughed and said, "I think Yang Jian is something I really want to play. In fact, if you choose Wukong and Yang Jian for me, I will still choose Yang Jian, really.".

　

As we all know, many actors have played the role of Yang Jian. In order to be different from the past and set a new benchmark for this role, Shawn Yue not only trained the devil before shooting, but also made an image like Superman.

　

At the same time, it is a challenge for him to play the role under the blessing of stunts and green screens.

　

In addition to practicing outside to interpret the director’s "Superman" Yang Jian, Yang Jian’s inner activities and feelings are also portrayed in The Story of Wukong. Shawn Yue also interprets such a "sad role" quite different from the Monkey King’s concept through his own acting skills.

　　

It is said that Shawn Yue and Eddie Peng Yuyan have cooperated again in the past 15 years since they collaborated on the White Paper on Love. When talking about holding hands again, Shawn Yue said that everyone has made progress and gave their mothers a chance to meet again.

Finally, attach an interview record:

　 　 Shawn Yue laughed and called him a "fool" to take on Yang Jian and tell the truth!

　 　 Being able to play and fulfill one’s long-cherished wish to become a benchmark

Reporter: This biography of Wukong is a role that everyone is looking forward to very much. What kind of coincidence is it to join this team?

Shawn Yue: It’s not a coincidence, because I should be the first person to know this script, because I have cooperated with the director and director Guo quite many times, and then his earliest concept, when it was quite early, should be more than one year or two years, more than that. He had already told me when he first came up with this concept.

Reporter: But when I invited you to join this team before, I already told you that the role for you was Yang Jian?

Shawn Yue: Yes, because he wants me to take the time to become the Yang Jian in his mind, and only I am stupid enough to listen to him. I think Yang Jian is what I really want to play. In fact, if you choose Wukong and Yang Jian for me, I will still choose Yang Jian, really, because I think Wukong has been challenged by many different directors and actors. Of course, I think Guo Dao is going to shoot such a Wukong this time, which is also a very new and unique Wukong. He is very unconvinced and can get the skin of Wukong, but I think. It’s because I really think that Yang Jian is a very upright person, who feels a bit like Zhao Yun, that is, a character who grew up hearing Yang Jian Yang Jian, Erlang God and Erlang God, which is very upright and heroic.

Reporter: A righteous hero.

Shawn Yue: Right, so I really want to make a new Yang Jian. If in the future, in the future, people think that Shawn Yue played Yang Jian before, how do you compare with him, then I feel quite happy.

Reporter: This is a benchmark.

Shawn Yue: Yes, benchmarking, that’s right.

Reporter: This is your hope.

Shawn Yue: I hope so, that’s right.

Shawn Yue plays Yang Jian and goes through devil training.

Incarnate "domestic superman" and play a new routine

Reporter: It seems that I have been exercising for this role before.

Shawn Yue: Yes.

Reporter: Is it because I love to exercise, or is it because this role is really a devil training for a while?

Shawn Yue: No, it’s purely for this movie.

Reporter: Why? Do you need some?

　 　　

Shawn Yue: Why? The reason is that he told me in great detail what he hoped for Yang Jian. He hoped that Yang Jian would feel a little like Captain America.

Reporter: Superman.

Shawn Yue: Yes, it’s a little superman, just like superman. The feeling means that he wants that physique. He thinks Yang Jian should be one, so when he wears armor, he has that kind of momentum. He thinks he must get there before he can have that kind of charm. Of course, I agree, otherwise I wouldn’t have spent so much time, and because I’ve never tried such a big change in my body shape, I think it’s also a good attempt, because I think every new challenge of an actor, if reasonable, may be a soft change, is a good challenge.

Reporter: So this time all the action dramas are completely different from those performed in the past, including the physical consumption of urban action dramas.

Shawn Yue: No, because he used a lot of stunts to help this time, because his whole idea was a bit like a comic book, so it was different from the previous routine. The previous routine was that we might shoot a scene for several days, but he might shoot it in a different way. He would tell you what the whole idea was, because there was nothing in the scene we filmed.

Reporter: Is it a green back?

Shawn Yue: Everything is green, everything is green.

Reporter: So it’s all about imagination.

Shawn Yue: It’s all in imagination.

Shawn Yue: Yang Jian and the Monkey King are two extremes.

In love, wishful thinking is very sad

Reporter: But now that online posters come out, your personal image is high cold and high face value. Do you agree with such keywords yourself?

　 　　

Shawn Yue: Yang Jian is like this. It’s a sad role, that is, his character. He has one. How do you say that? With a unique background, he is the son of a man born with God, and then his status in heaven is very vague, until his character is very disciplined, but he must know that it is impossible to do what he wants to do by obeying the rules, but he must abide by them. Wukong and I are two extreme people. Wukong is a completely unruly person, that is, he is very hot-blooded, and he can do whatever he wants. I am very disciplined. I clearly want to be a person who I can’t do, which represents two different extreme people in society.

Reporter: Actually, for you and Eddie Peng Yuyan, they describe your role as a very complicated character.

　 　　

Shawn Yue: Yes, it’s a bit complicated.

Reporter: But how do you evaluate them?

　 　　

Shawn Yue: They are actually quite easy to do. I think they just do whatever they like, especially monkeys. They want to go east and go west when they want. He doesn’t have to beat around the bush at all.

Reporter: Very headstrong and lawless.

　 　　

Shawn Yue: He is a person who can do whatever he likes. He represents his personality. I am a person who thinks a lot and thinks very far. For example, I am a person who worries a lot about my parents, my mother, A Zi and my boss.

Reporter: So there is always a kind of pressure in your personality and during your performance.

　 　　

Shawn Yue: Right, so you will find him very depressed.

Reporter: A Zi was a childhood friend. How did this relationship come about? When filming?

　 　　

Shawn Yue: How to handle this relationship? Say childhood friends, in fact, I feel that her mood is not in the same way, just a little bigger than mine, she is like my brother, I may.

Reporter: wishful thinking.

　 　　

Shawn Yue: Yes, it’s wishful thinking.

Reporter: I can just pay for him, that state, that mood.

　 　　

Shawn Yue: Yes, that’s right. It means that you have a crush on that person for a long time, and he calls you sister, so you think it’s okay, sister. In fact, you have already surpassed your sister’s feelings in your heart, but you can’t help it. He calls you sister. What can you do, you can only be your brother, but in fact, your heart is a very complicated mood.

Reporter: What about the Monkey King? You two are rivals in love.

　 　　

Shawn Yue: the Monkey King doesn’t have a rival in love. He is funny, but I’m not funny. The rival in love should be struggling. She still likes the Monkey King one-sidedly. Yes, so Yang Jian is quite sad. It doesn’t matter. I’m also used to some sad roles given to me by Guo Dao.

Shawn Yue and Eddie Peng Yuyan will join hands again in 15 years.

Provide an opportunity for both parents to meet.

Reporter: Many people say it’s you and Eddie Peng Yuyan this time. It should be more than ten years.

Shawn Yue: Fifteen years.

Reporter: A cooperation of more than ten years should have been the White Paper on Love.

Shawn Yue: Yes.

Reporter: What is the status of cooperation again?

Shawn Yue: Work together.

Reporter: Everyone has made more progress.

Shawn Yue: Yes, especially I think Eddie Peng Yuyan is very happy for him. The feelings between me and him are hard to describe, that is, everyone is not jealous of each other. Everyone is very happy for each other. That is, he has done such a good job today. I am very happy for him, because I know his family well, and he knows my family well, so everyone feels like a family.

Reporter: Like brothers.

Shawn Yue: The feeling of brothers, so today, regardless of my brother and younger brother, maybe it is the happiest thing. I believe that the happiest thing for us to cooperate is that my mother and his mother, my mother and his mother, both said that when you two will shoot again, we can go to visit classes together or something.

Reporter: Do they visit classes?

Shawn Yue: Yes.

Reporter: Great.

Shawn Yue: Then the two of us just, they can have an excuse to meet again, that is, his mother and my mother can have a premiere or something, so it is very difficult for me to compare with him. Maybe we can’t compare the two of us. This time, I think the fate of the two people is quite deep. In fact, we really haven’t cooperated in the middle. No, after we started to enter the entertainment circle, we didn’t make this movie until today.

Reporter: It’s a long time.

Shawn Yue: It took 15 years to cooperate, but I think it’s quite special.

Reporter: It’s beautiful.

Shawn Yue: It’s quite special, because two people have been working together for so long, and they feel completely different.

Reporter: So the two mothers can walk hand in hand in the cinema to support the box office, because it will be released on July 13th, and they can also recommend this movie to the audience.

Shawn Yue: I think this is a different Wukong, because it is difficult to compare with the previous ones, and it is completely out of any previous Westward Journey series or a character in the Monkey King series. This is a very new angle and a very burning story, so there are laughter and tears, and many different emotions are presented in this play.

Reporter: We hope to see a different Yang Jian and a different you.

Shawn Yue: Thank you.

recent days

The police cracked a telecom fraud case.

The police handling the case went to Zhenyuan, Guizhou

Capture a criminal suspect

In this case,

A post-90 s girl

Play two roles behind the internet.

In the name of falling in love

Using WeChat to defraud others of more than 70,000 yuan.

Let’s have a look together.

this

Romantic story (xian) (jing)

Case review

one

Chat on WeChat and talk about "love objects"

Xiao Li (pseudonym), who lives in jianxi district, Luoyang, met Zhang Mohong, a local woman, online during her work in Guizhou from 2009 to 2012. In the past few years, the two only chatted through WeChat. One day in 2014, Zhang Mohong suddenly contacted Xiao Li and said that he was willing to introduce him to an object with good conditions. Xiao Li readily agreed.

Soon, Zhang’s red hair came to the contact information named "Yang Qianqian", and Xiao Li added "Yang Qianqian" as a WeChat friend. According to Zhang Mohong, "Yang Qianqian" claimed to be a flight attendant of an airline in China. Xiao Li had a good talk with her, and soon they developed into a "lover" relationship.

2

Borrowed more than 70,000 yuan one after another, but never met.

One day in May 2014, "Yang Qianqian" suddenly contacted Xiao Li, claiming that his ID card, visa, bank card and other important documents were lost, and it was necessary to reissue them. I hope Xiao Li can help. Enthusiastic Xiao Li has transferred 7500 yuan to the other party twice. In the next few years, "Yang Qianqian" asked Xiao Li for 30,000 yuan on the grounds that his relatives were seriously ill in hospital, and Xiao Li was satisfied.

Seeing that the two sides talked about "love" for several years, the woman was unwilling to meet Xiao Li once. In January, 2018, Xiao Li became suspicious of his "girlfriend". In order to appease Xiao Li, "Yang Qianqian" said that he was willing to visit him in Luoyang. Xiao Li, who was full of joy, got the news that "Yang Qianqian" suddenly went to kidney calculi on the way and was hospitalized in Zhengzhou a few days later, and he was transferred to travel expenses and medical expenses of 16,000 yuan. When Xiao Li rushed to a hospital in Zhengzhou to visit his girlfriend, his girlfriend sent him a message saying that he had been discharged from hospital and returned to Guizhou.

In the following period of time, Xiao Li, who was carried away by "love", went back and forth for "Yang Qianqian" for nearly 30,000 yuan.

three

Suspected of being cheated and decided to report the case, the police arrested the suspect across the province.

"Love" has not seen his girlfriend for many years. The more he thinks about it, the more wrong he is. Xiao Li found that he was probably cheated. On July 20 this year, Xiao Li chose to go to the Chongqing Road Police Station to report the case. The police quickly filed a case and conducted an investigation, and collected various clues to identify Zhang Mohong and "Yang Qianqian" as the same person. Subsequently, the police handling the case went to Zhenyuan, Guizhou Province to arrest Zhang Mohong and brought him back to Luoyang for investigation.

After interrogation, Zhang Mohong (born in 1993 in Guizhou) admitted the criminal fact of forging the identity of "Yang Qianqian" and defrauding Xiao Li in the name of falling in love. His fraudulent income has been squandered on tourism and consumption. At present, Zhang Mohong has been criminally detained by the police according to law.

Now in life

Marriage fraud is hard to prevent.

The variety is also more abundant.

Only the plot you can’t think of.

There is no script that a liar can’t make up.

What other means are there for marriage fraud?

Let the police take you to know.

Concealment of criminal mode

Both men and women contact each other through online dating websites, marriage advertisements and qq chats. Criminal suspects usually make up one or several pseudonyms to make up their identity background and economic situation, and their modus operandi is relatively concealed.

The reasons for cheating money are diversified.

After the criminal suspect contacted the victim, he paved the way with feelings first, and then defrauded money for various reasons. If you borrow money on the pretext of losing your wallet, running a company with poor cash flow, or being hospitalized with a loved one, it is nothing more than keeping an eye on the money in the victim’s pocket.

Criminal means are confusing.

The criminal suspect knows the victim’s eagerness to find a partner, and promotes "feelings" by telephone chat according to the pre-designed "speaking template" according to the information of the women seeking marriage; Some criminal gangs also play the roles of parents and brothers and sisters-in-law among several criminal suspects, thus diluting the victim’s defensive psychology.

In order to better protect themselves.

You need to do it

one

Be careful when making friends online, and don’t transfer money at will.

When using dating software such as WeChat and Momo, you must be careful to make friends, and you must never transfer money or remit money to people who have never met or are uncertain about their identity. Once you find that you have been cheated, please call the police in time and collect fixed evidence in order to recover the economic losses suffered faster.

2

Always stay awake and carefully identify the credibility of the other party’s words.

Don’t believe the words "don’t tell anyone" in the other person’s mouth. When you can’t make up your mind, you can ask your relatives or your trusted neighbors and friends for advice and discuss countermeasures. When you need to call the police, you must resolutely call the police.

three

Everything is solved through formal channels, and it is not easy to trust each other’s identity.

Everything should be solved through formal channels. Don’t trust the identity of other people’s public officials or elites, so as not to fall into the trap of fraudsters.

In many fraud cases, the first choice for criminals is public officials or social elites, because these people have stable income and decent jobs and are easy to gain the trust of the victims.

four

There may be something else that fell with the pie

It is necessary to overcome the greed mentality and dispel the idea of "making big money with small money", "eating small losses accounts for big gains" or "getting something for nothing". There is no such thing as a pie in the sky, so you should look after your money bag.

Whenever someone asks you to pay, you must be more careful, and you can’t easily take out your money and give it away. If you need to borrow money, you must ask the other party to write an iou.

Original title: "I was cheated by 70,000 people who fell in love with the" flight attendant "online for 6 years, and finally found out that she was …"

Read the original text

　　Xinhua News Agency, Beijing, May 11thQuestion: children, have a labor class! — — Focus on several concerns of the new edition of labor class in primary and secondary schools

　　Xinhua News Agency "Xinhua Viewpoint" reporter

　　Primary and middle school students should learn to cook and stew soup, grow vegetables and raise birds, and repair household appliances … … The Ministry of Education recently issued "Compulsory Education Labor Curriculum Standards (2022 Edition)". From the fall semester of 2022, a variety of labor skills will be included in the curriculum, which has aroused great concern in society.

　　A survey by Xinhua Viewpoint reporter found that the society generally agrees that primary and secondary school students should learn labor skills, but there are different views on how to teach, how to evaluate and how to keep labor classes from becoming a mere formality.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said that it is a major change in the new compulsory education curriculum plan to separate the class hours occupied by labor from the comprehensive practical activity curriculum. The content and form of the new labor course are more advanced with the times, rich and diverse.

　　What to study: cooking and cleaning, planting and breeding, public welfare work, etc.

　　In fact, many people are no strangers to labor classes. Picking up food after 1960s, sweeping the playground after 1970s, and doing manual work after 1980s and 1990s are unique memories of many students.

　　From studying engineering and agriculture to incorporating labor education into the teaching plan, and then making it clear that labor class is a compulsory course, although the form and name have changed, labor class has always existed in the curriculum system of primary and secondary schools in China.

　　It is understood that the new labor curriculum standard is aimed at education "emphasizing learning and neglecting labor" for some time; Emphasis on achievements and light hands-on. The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Education said that this time, the labor class was separated from the original comprehensive practical activity class in order to better implement labor education. Through the important way of labor class, we can cultivate students’ correct labor values, good labor habits and quality, and make them become new people who understand, know and love labor.

　　On May 7, 2022, students from Houzaimen Primary School in Xi ‘an participated in the button sewing competition. Xinhua News Agency reporter Zhang Bowen photo

　　According to the new curriculum standard, the course has ten task groups, which are divided into three categories: daily life labor, productive labor and service labor.

　　Among them, daily life labor includes four task groups: cleaning and sanitation, sorting and storage, cooking and nutrition, and use and maintenance of household appliances. Productive labor includes four task groups: agricultural productive labor, traditional craft production, industrial productive labor and new technology experience and application. Service labor includes modern service labor, public welfare labor and voluntary service.

　　Yao Yijie, deputy director of the Basic Education Research Office of Guangdong Education Research Institute, believes that this new curriculum standard is very comprehensive, covering not only all kinds of life scenes, but also labor practices such as agriculture, industry and service industry.

　　Chu Zhaohui, a researcher at the Chinese Academy of Educational Sciences, said that the labor class in the new curriculum standard combines skills, skills and scientific and technological practice activities, and the concept of labor is more complete.

　　The reporter looked up the labor curriculum standards and found that the curriculum arrangement is gradual. With the promotion of the study period, the difficulty of the project gradually increases and the skills are gradually improved. For example, the first and second grades should be able to choose and wash vegetables, the third and fourth grades should boil eggs and cook jiaozi, the fifth and sixth grades should fry eggs and stew soup, and the junior middle school should design three-meal recipes.

　　How to attend classes: the content is not uniform, and a diversified education platform and practice base are built.

　　"It can be satisfied to raise a goldfish at home. How to raise poultry buildings such as chickens and ducks?" "Who will teach? How to teach? Does the school have conditions and venues? " "It is a good thing for children to learn labor skills, but can it be done at school? Don’t take it home and let parents take care of it and shoot videos?" ……

　　After the release of the new curriculum standard, many parents left messages on social platforms, expressing their support for their children to learn and master labor skills, but they still have questions about how to attend the class.

　　Gu Jianjun, head of the labor curriculum standard group of compulsory education in the Ministry of Education, said that as a course, the school plays a leading role, the family plays a basic role, and the school, family and society work together to promote it.

　　Regarding the heated discussion on planting vegetables and raising poultry, Gu Jianjun said that the selection and determination of projects, curriculum resources and venue construction should be tailored to local conditions and not across the board. Conditional schools can build safe and reliable labor fields and places that meet the educational requirements, and at the same time make full use of all social forces to build diversified educational platforms and practice bases.

　　In fact, primary and secondary schools in many places have carried out the exploration of labor courses with their own characteristics.

　　Xinghu School, Liangjiang New District, Chongqing opened the roof of a teaching building of more than 6,000 square meters as a plantation, planted more than 10,000 sunflowers, and the students weeding, watering and harvesting by themselves. In rural primary and secondary schools in tan tang, Guigang, Guangxi, "schools have bases and classes have plots of land", and labor education counselors such as agricultural professionals and experts in planting and breeding are very popular among students.

　　On January 18th, 2022, students picked vegetables at the "Roof Farm" of Wangcheng School in Nan Zhou, Changsha. Xinhua News Agency reporter Chen Zeguo photo

　　"Labor class can’t simply preach, otherwise it will become a mere formality and become ‘ Swing ’ Labor education. " Cheng Dean, a member of the Chongqing Municipal Political Consultative Conference, said that schools in big cities and rural schools, schools in the south and schools in the north, have different natural environments and conditions, so they should adapt to local conditions, make the courses operable and provide students with real labor opportunities.

　　Who will attend the labor class? In particular, how to solve some course teachers who need professional skills? Many school teachers interviewed by the reporter are very concerned about this.

　　The Ministry of Education previously requested that colleges and universities should strengthen the training of labor education teachers, and qualified colleges and universities should offer labor education-related majors; Carry out labor education teacher training.

　　Xiong Bingqi, president of the 21st Century Institute of Education, suggested that all localities should ensure the investment in school labor education and strengthen the construction of full-time teachers in labor classes. Strengthen cooperation and linkage with vocational schools and social institutions, revitalize resources inside and outside the school, and hire outstanding craftsmen from different industries, inheritors of intangible cultural heritage, experienced farmers and skilled workers as instructors.

　　How to evaluate: the evaluation of labor literacy that is not included in the examination items is used as a reference for admission to a higher level school.

　　After the announcement of the new curriculum standard, many parents asked: "How to mark the labor class?" "Will there be an exam in the labor class?" "Will the labor class be linked to further studies?"

　　In 2020, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council issued "Opinions on Comprehensively Strengthening Labor Education in Colleges, Middle Schools and Primary Schools in the New Era", which proposed that the evaluation results of labor literacy should be regarded as an important content to measure students’ all-round development, as an important reference and graduation basis for appraising excellent students, and as an important reference or basis for admission to higher-level schools.

　　Chu Zhaohui said that the current curriculum standards and policy requirements did not include labor education in the senior high school entrance examination.

　　"As a process-based comprehensive quality evaluation, labor education focuses on examining the process and performance of students’ labor practice, and cannot be simply evaluated by exams like Chinese and mathematics." Fan Yongfeng, a professor in the Education Department of Southwest University, believes that attention should be paid to the acquisition and growth of each student, such as the improvement of labor skills and the formation of labor habits.

　　On November 10, 2021, students from Class 1, Grade 3 of Chengguan No.3 Primary School in Pingli County, Shaanxi Province learned to fold clothes in the school housekeeping room. Xinhua News Agency reporter Shao Ruishe

　　In Qiaoshaxu No.2 Primary School, Panyu District, Guangzhou, which has implemented labor education, the school adopts multiple evaluation methods consisting of students’ self-evaluation, mutual evaluation, teachers’ evaluation and parents’ evaluation to select "Top Ten Small Experts in Planting", "Labor Class Activists", "Small Farmland Activists" and "Small Experts in Household Work" on campus. Li Minning, the principal, said that multi-party participation in the joint evaluation not only recognized students’ labor achievements, but also promoted students’ labor enthusiasm.

　　"Labor education also needs the cooperation of parents." Gu Jianjun believes that parents need to change their concepts, attach importance to the value of labor and life skills for the growth of minors, and integrate labor into daily life. "For example, children learn to scramble eggs with tomatoes at school. After returning home, parents should give students the opportunity to practice as much as possible. In order for children to learn at school and go home to do it, parents need to let their children do what they can. "

　　"Can form a school teaching — — Practice at home — — The cycle of school evaluation really allows students to develop working habits. " Huang Lifang, principal of Guangzhou Wende Road Primary School, said. (Reporter Song Jia, Ke Gaoyang, Zheng Tianhong, Hu Hao)

　　On September 12th, Qinghai Women’s Prison was rated as "Modern and Civilized Prison" by the Ministry of Justice. In recent years, Qinghai Women’s Prison has established a hierarchical and progressive education system, and strengthened the education of behavioral norms, morality, "four selfs", psychological education, vocational and technical education and cultural education, which not only guides prisoners to speed up the reconstruction of human nature and cultivate healthy personality, but also improves their employment and livelihood skills after release, so as to prevent and reduce recidivism.

On September 12th, prisoners in Qinghai Women’s Prison performed large-scale aerobics. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Shoude photo

On September 12th, prisoners in Qinghai Women’s Prison were performing psychotherapy aerobics. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Shoude photo

　　On September 12, the counselor of the psychological correction counseling station in Qinghai Women’s Prison was communicating with the prisoners through video. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Shoude photo

　　On September 12th, prisoners in Qinghai Women’s Prison performed the dance "Guanyin with a Thousand Hands" for their inmates. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Shoude photo

　　On September 12th, the leaders of Qinghai Provincial Government unveiled the women’s prison which won the title of "Modern and Civilized Prison" at the ministerial level. Xinhua News Agency reporter Yang Shoude photo

　　Detailed report:

　　Qinghai Women’s Prison was named as a modern civilized prison by the Ministry of Justice.

　　Xining, Qinghai Channel, Xinhuanet, September 13 th On the morning of September 12 th, Qinghai Women’s Prison held a ministerial-level naming conference for modern civilized prisons, which was the second unit in the prison system of our province to receive this title. Xu Fushun, member of the Standing Committee of the Provincial Party Committee and vice governor, Guo Ruzhuo, deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Provincial People’s Congress, unveiled the modern civilized prison for women in the province, and Li Zhongbao, vice chairman of the CPPCC, attended the naming meeting.

　　The provincial women’s prison began to establish a modern and civilized prison in 2002 and became a provincial-level modern and civilized prison in 2005. In the hardware construction, a total investment of 70.89 million yuan was made, and the prison reconstruction and expansion project was completed, including a teaching building with complete training facilities, a prison with a fresh environment, and first-class facilities such as a canteen, a bathroom, a gym, a sports ground, a conversation room, a health clinic and an interview center.

　　In the software construction, the provincial women’s prison promotes the legalization, scientification and socialization of prison work, improves the penalty execution system, strictly enforces the law, deepens the openness of prison affairs, strengthens law enforcement supervision, and constantly improves the level of fair and civilized law enforcement. Based on the principles of education, persuasion and salvation, a complete set of work system is formed; Education of "Three Courses" was given to the reformed personnel, and colorful cultural activities were held, forming an effective social assistance and education network.

　　Establishing a modern civilized prison is an important carrier to comprehensively improve the overall level of prison work in our province. The provincial women’s prison was named as a modern civilized prison, and formally entered the model ranks of the new prison management of "justice, honesty, civilization and efficiency". (Yao Bin Zhao Wanlian)

Editor: Meng Xu

Biden has another big move!

On Thursday (August 15th) local time, Biden’s government announced that it had reached a "historic" agreement with pharmaceutical companies. According to the data released by the White House, the price reduction of the first 10 drugs included in the negotiations ranged from 38% to 79%. On the same day, US President Biden and Vice President Harris held their first joint activity since Biden withdrew from the 2024 election. Biden said at the event: "We finally beat the big pharmaceutical companies."

At the same time, another news related to Biden also attracted attention. According to a number of US media reports, a few days ago, hundreds of lawyers from all over the world jointly sent a letter to US President Biden, calling on the United States to stop using unilateral economic sanctions, saying that this tool is equivalent to collective punishment of civilians and violates international law.

In the joint letter, lawyers, legal organizations and scholars condemned the United States’ increasing reliance on sanctions to punish and intimidate its opponents, and said that these measures may lead to economic instability, hunger and the reduction of basic commodities such as medicines. The letter pointed out: "At present, hundreds of millions of people live under the extensive economic sanctions imposed by the United States in some form."

Biden’s government announced heavily

On Thursday (August 15th) local time, Biden’s government announced that it had reached a "historic" agreement with pharmaceutical companies, and the negotiated new drug price could save Medicare a net of about $6 billion by 2026. In addition, the new drug price will save the insured $1.5 billion in out-of-pocket expenses.

According to the data released by the White House, the price reduction of the first 10 drugs included in the negotiations ranged from 38% to 79%. Among them, the biggest drop was Merck’s hypoglycemic drug Januvia, whose price dropped from $527 to $113 in 30 days, while Novo Nordisk’s insulin injection pen Novo Horizo, whose monthly medication cost also dropped from $495 to $119.

According to media reports, this is part of a plan that Biden praised on Thursday, aimed at easing anger over high prices before the November election. The Inflation Reduction Act signed by Biden was signed into law in 2022, which was the first bill to allow medical insurance to negotiate the price of some of the most expensive drugs covering 66 million people in the plan.

On Thursday, US President Biden and Vice President Harris held their first joint activity since Biden withdrew from the 2024 election, and supported her to replace him on the Democratic ballot.

"We know that this is not only about health care, but also about your dignity," Biden said of the policy. "This is about inner peace. This is related to security. This is about taking care of your family. This is to give people more breathing space. " Biden said that they "just started" and that he and Harris "will continue to fight against big pharmaceutical companies". He said: "I played too hard. I can’t give in now. We won’t back down. “

Reuters said that although this was an official event, Biden turned his speech in the gymnasium into a de facto campaign rally, calling Harris a "hellish president" and criticizing Republicans for not supporting the right of medical insurance to negotiate drug pricing.

The Republican House leadership, including House Speaker Mike Johnson, described this power as "price manipulation" in a statement. Their prescription drug price manipulation plan only accomplished two things: pushing up the cost of health care and smashing American medical innovation.

Hundreds of lawyers signed a letter to Biden.

A few days ago, Bloomberg, CommonDreams and other media reported that dozens of legal organizations from all over the world, as well as more than 200 lawyers and scholars jointly sent a letter to US President Biden, urging the US government to end unilateral economic sanctions, saying that such sanctions constitute a collective punishment for civilians and are illegal under international law.

The signatories of this letter include human rights lawyers, American National Bar Association, European Lawyers Association for Democracy and World Human Rights, and law professors. The signer said in the letter: "Collective punishment is the standard practice of American foreign policy today, which takes the form of extensive unilateral economic and financial sanctions." So far, the United States has imposed more unilateral economic sanctions than any other country in the world. They pointed out that although the use of sanctions is different from conventional warfare, its collective impact on civilians may be equally indiscriminate, punitive and fatal.

The letter pointed out: "At present, hundreds of millions of people live under the extensive economic sanctions imposed by the United States in some form, including ordinary people in countries such as Cuba, Iran, North Korea, Syria and Venezuela. These measures may cause serious and extensive harm to civilians. Extensive economic sanctions may trigger and prolong the economic crisis, hinder access to basic commodities such as food, fuel and medicine, and increase poverty, hunger, disease and even mortality, especially for children. This situation in turn tends to promote large-scale immigration. "

According to the letter, the United States has imposed a severe economic embargo on Cuba for more than 60 years, which has adversely affected all economic sectors of the country and seriously restricted Cubans’ access to basic necessities such as food, fuel and medicine. In the past 32 years, United Nations Member States have overwhelmingly opposed the United States embargo against Cuba. Last year’s vote was 187-2, and only the United States and Israel were against it.

It is understood that after the victory of the Cuban revolution in 1959, the US government announced the breaking of diplomatic relations with Cuba in 1961 and began to impose a comprehensive embargo on Cuba in 1962. Since 1992, the United Nations General Assembly has passed resolutions with overwhelming votes for dozens of consecutive times, demanding that the United States end its economic and financial blockade and trade embargo against Cuba. Bruno Rodriguez Parrilla, Cuba’s foreign minister, once criticized the decades-long American trade embargo against Cuba as "endless" like a hurricane, which brought huge economic losses and humanitarian disasters to Cuba. The Cuban Ministry of Foreign Affairs also said that the United States has exerted extreme pressure on Cuba in recent years and strengthened its economic and financial blockade and trade embargo against Cuba, which is the root cause of the recent sharp increase in illegal immigration of Cubans to the United States; If the United States wants to stop the tide of illegal immigration, it must cancel the economic blockade that "makes life difficult for Cubans".

The signer said that according to the resolutions of the UN General Assembly and the UN Human Rights Council, unilateral sanctions are suspected of violating the UN Charter. They also cited the Fourth Geneva Convention, which held that collective punishment constituted a war crime. The signatory added: "As a member of the legal profession, we call on the United States to abide by the existing international law and stop using extensive unilateral coercive measures. Seventy-five years after the signing of the Geneva Conventions, collective punishment must end. "

American sanctions and the Middle East crisis

It is worth noting that the current Middle East crisis is also related to the US sanctions against Iran.

On November 7, last year, the White House issued a statement extending the national emergency against Iran in an executive order signed by the United States on November 14, 1979 for one year until November 14, 2024. This also means that the economic sanctions imposed by the United States on Iran continue to be extended.

On June 27th this year, the State Council issued a statement announcing sanctions against entities and ships involved in Iranian oil and petrochemical trade. Not only that, but the United States and the West are also looking for excuses to increase sanctions against Iran.

After the overall escalation of the Ukrainian crisis, the United States and Europe accused Iran of providing drones and missiles to Russia; The EU believes that there is Iranian support behind the Yemeni Houthi armed forces in the Red Sea region. According to this, the Council of the European Union announced in May this year to expand the scope of sanctions against Iran, involving drones and missiles.

According to public information, Iran is the second largest natural gas reserve country and the third largest oil reserve country in the world. However, after decades of sanctions, Iran’s economy and society have been completely hit. According to data released by the World Bank, nearly 10 million Iranians fell into poverty in the first decade of the 21st century. The loss of oil revenue has led to the continuous growth of Iranian government debt and state-owned enterprise debt. In addition, the United States and the West imposed a technical blockade on Iran through sanctions. United Nations human rights experts have issued a statement saying that US sanctions forced the Iranian people to extend the use of old vehicles with low fuel efficiency, while the United States also prevented other countries from providing air pollution control technology to Iran, which endangered the health of the Iranian people.

Recently, the situation in the Middle East has become tense again. On August 12th, local time, senior US officials said that Iran would launch a "major" attack on Israel "or within this week". On the same day, Iranian President Massoud Pezehiqiyan said in a telephone conversation with German Chancellor Angela Scholz that Iran believes that it has the right to respond to "aggressors" according to international rules. Petrezhiqiyan said that the Israeli government’s continued "genocide" in Gaza and "terrorist acts" in other countries violated international law and posed a serious challenge to regional security and global peace in West Asia.

Proofreading: Zhu Tianting