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General Office of Chongqing Municipal People’s Government

On the issuance of "Chongqing comprehensively promote waste classification"

Notice of the implementation plan for governance work

Chongqing government office [2023〕97number

People’s governments of counties (autonomous counties), municipal government departments and relevant units:

"Chongqing comprehensively promote the implementation plan of waste classification management" has been approved by the municipal government and is hereby issued to you, please implement it carefully.

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General Office of Chongqing Municipal People’s Government

2023yeartwelvemoon17sun

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Garbage classification is an important symbol of urban governance and social civilization. In order to strengthen the classified management of garbage, improve the urban and rural living environment, promote the construction of ecological civilization and the sustainable development of economy and society, according to the prevention and control of environmental pollution by solid waste in People’s Republic of China (PRC)Law ","Regulations on the Administration of City Appearance and Environmental Sanitation "and other laws and regulations, combined with the actual situation of our city,Formulate this plan.

Adhere to the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought of the Supreme Leader in the New Era, fully implement the spirit of the 20th Congress of the Communist Party of China, thoroughly study and implement the series of important expositions of the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader on garbage classification, conscientiously implement the decision-making arrangements of the Second and Third Plenary Sessions of the Sixth Municipal Committee, base on the new development stage, implement the new development concept, integrate into the new development pattern, and make overall plans for production, life and ecological needs, in accordance with "life cycle management, whole-process classified governance, overall regional implementation, universal participation of the whole society, joint construction, governance and sharing" arrive2027In 2000, the system of classified management, source management, collection, transportation and disposal, resource utilization and digital management were further improved, and the level of classified management of garbage was at the forefront of the country and became a model in the west.

-adhere to the overall planning, systematic governance, urban and rural planning, integrated promotion, into one.Step by step to speed up the construction of a garbage classification and treatment system to achieve garbage reduction, recycling and harmlessness.

-Adhere to local conditions, full-process management, digital empowerment, quality improvement and efficiency improvement, and comprehensively improve the effectiveness of waste classification and management.

-Adhere to demonstration and radiation, promote reform through innovation and promotion through innovation, and promote innovation in the concept, mode and means of waste classification and management.

(A) clear responsibilities of garbage classification and management. In accordance with the principle of government-led, departmental linkage and territorial implementation, we will solidly promote the work of garbage classification and management. The governments of all districts and counties (autonomous counties) and the administrative committees of Liangjiang New District, Chongqing High-tech Zone of Western Science City and Wansheng Economic Development Zone (hereinafter referred to as district and county governments) are responsible for the classified treatment of garbage within their respective jurisdictions. Urban management departments take the lead in promoting the classified treatment of urban and rural domestic garbage, agricultural and rural departments take the lead in promoting the treatment of agricultural solid waste, urban management departments and housing and urban-rural construction departments take the lead in promoting the classified treatment of construction waste, economic information departments and ecological and environmental departments take the lead in promoting the comprehensive utilization and disposal of industrial solid waste, and health departments and ecological and environmental departments take the lead in promoting the treatment of medical(Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee, Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, and district and county governments)

(2) Improve the garbage classification and management mechanism.Improve the governance system of cities, districts, counties, streets (towns) and communities (villages), and form a coordinated promotion mechanism from horizontal to edge and vertical to the end. Improve the responsibility system for waste classification and management, guide relevant enterprises such as sanitation and property management to sign a commitment letter for waste classification, and urge those responsible for waste classification to perform their duties according to law. Improve the voluntary service mechanism, give full play to the role of grass-roots party organizations, social workers’ organizations, neighborhood (village) committees, industry committees and property enterprises, strengthen the publicity, education, training and voluntary service of waste classification management, and stimulate the enthusiasm of the whole society to participate. Improve the incentive mechanism of waste classification, scientifically use reward and punishment measures, and improve the effectiveness of waste classification management.(Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Organization Department of Municipal Party Committee, Propaganda Department of Municipal Party Committee, Political and Legal Committee of Municipal Party Committee, Municipal Economic Information Committee, Civil Affairs Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee, Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, and district and county governments)

(3) Consolidate the foundation of garbage classification and management.Incorporate garbage classification management into the grass-roots governance system, and give full play to the role of grid length, grid staff and grid instructor in garbage classification. We will fully implement "one member with multiple posts" and actively integrate sanitation workers, property personnel, volunteers and "five chiefs" to participate in waste classification and management. Implement the closed-loop solution mechanism of "grid whistle and department report" and improve the working methods of sensitive perception, immediate dispatch and linkage solution. Encourage grassroots to deepen innovation and create "best practices" for waste classification and management. (Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Organization Department of Municipal Party Committee, Political and Legal Committee of Municipal Party Committee, Municipal Economic Information Committee, Civil Affairs Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee, Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, and district and county governments)

(four) to promote the reduction of domestic waste and medical waste.We will speed up the improvement of policies and measures to reduce the source of garbage covering production, circulation, consumption and other fields, guide units and individuals to use recyclable, recyclable and degradable products, and promote public institutions, restaurants, tourism and accommodation industries to reduce the supply of disposable supplies. Carry out special rectification against food waste, pay attention to "eat civilized", practice "CD action", promote small dishes, separate meals, etc., and thoroughly implement the effectiveness evaluation and notification system for anti-food waste work in government canteens. Promote the reduction of commodity packaging, and urge food, express delivery, take-away, e-commerce and other industries to implement measures to reduce excessive packaging. Strengthen the control of plastic pollution, and prohibit and restrict the production, sale and use of disposable plastic products such as non-degradable plastic bags according to law. Supervise medical and health institutions to distinguish domestic waste from medical waste, recyclable infusion bottles (bags) and other solid waste, implement waste reduction measures, and promote source reduction.(Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau and Municipal Health and Wellness Commission; Responsible units: Municipal Party Committee Propaganda Department, Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Commission of Commerce, Municipal Commission of Culture and Tourism, Municipal Market Supervision Bureau, Municipal Bureau of Organs Affairs, Municipal Postal Administration, Municipal Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, and district and county governments)

(5) PushReduction of agricultural solid waste.Strengthen the reduction of agricultural solid waste at the source,Popularize the reduction technology of agricultural solid waste according to local conditions. Promote the application of high-efficiency, low-toxicity and low-residue pesticides, and strive to reduce the production of harmful waste such as pesticide packaging. Further standardize the packaging management of agricultural inputs such as agricultural films and fertilizers, and control and reduce "white pollution" from the source. Promote the scientific utilization of agricultural plastic film, comprehensively promote the use of standard plastic film, actively carry out demonstration application of thickened plastic film and degradable plastic film, accelerate the establishment of a long-term mechanism for pollution control of waste plastic film, and effectively improve the scientific use and recycling level of plastic film. Vigorously develop circular agriculture combining planting and breeding, continue to reduce the source of livestock and poultry manure, extensively establish standard breeding demonstration farms, promote the use of water-saving drinking water facilities and manure cleaning technology, and realize the separation of rain and sewage and dry and wet in farms.(Lead unit: Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee and Municipal Supply and Marketing Cooperatives; Responsible unit: district and county governments)

(6) PushReduce the amount of construction waste at the source.Set the target of reducing the source of construction waste,Reduce construction waste as an important content of civilized construction. Overall consideration should be given to the durability and sustainability of the whole life cycle of the project, and the integrated collaborative design of architecture, structure and landscape should be encouraged, the coordination between architectural design and construction should be strengthened, the elevation of the site should be reasonably determined according to the topography and landforms, the earthwork balance calculation should be carried out, and the transportation of engineering dregs should be reduced. Promote new construction methods and increase the proportion of green buildings. Strengthen the management of construction site, optimize the construction organization, reasonably determine the construction process, and reduce the loss rate of building materials.(Lead unit: Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee and Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Urban Management Bureau, Municipal Transportation Bureau, district and county governments)

(7) PushReduction of industrial solid waste.Accelerate the green transformation of industrial enterprises,Promote the decline in the intensity of industrial solid waste production in key industries, and achieve zero growth in the total storage and disposal of bulk industrial solid waste. Strict environmental access, vigorously promote green design, improve product disassembly and recyclability, and control the output of industrial solid waste. In-depth implementation of cleaner production, reduce the use of toxic and harmful raw materials, guide the internal reduction and recycling of enterprise systems, and reduce the output of solid waste per unit product. Fully implement green mining, and greatly reduce the generation and disposal of tailings. Promote the development and use of environmental protection technology and equipment encouraged by the state, promote clean production technology, eliminate backward production capacity and reduce the production of industrial solid waste. (Lead unit: Municipal Economic Information Commission and Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment; Responsible units: Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Municipal Bureau of Planning and Natural Resources, district and county governments)

(8) Strengthen the classified collection, transportation and disposal of domestic garbage.. Supervise and guide domestic waste generating units, families and individuals to fulfill the obligation of classified delivery according to law by means of barrel-side duty and voluntary service. Compacting the responsibility of the person in charge of domestic waste management of property enterprises, and incorporating the performance of domestic waste management responsibility of property enterprises into the credit management system of property enterprises. Improve the garbage sorting collection system. Newly built, rebuilt or expanded projects should standardize supporting garbage sorting facilities, realize synchronous design, synchronous construction and synchronous use with the main project, and accelerate the standardization and convenience upgrading of existing sorting facilities. Establish a closed and efficient garbage classified transportation system and standardize the management of classified transportation. Strengthen the orderly connection between property enterprises and garbage removal units, improve the system of joint receipt and transportation of kitchen waste, and strictly prevent "separation before mixing, mixed receipt and mixed transportation". Accelerate the planning and construction of waste sorting and disposal facilities, implement the requirements of land and space planning, focus on promoting the construction of facilities such as domestic waste incineration and kitchen waste resource utilization, and promote the pilot of small incineration and disposal facilities. Reasonably determine the classified collection, transportation and disposal mode of rural domestic waste, incorporate the land for collection, transportation and disposal facilities into the planning of towns and villages, and make overall plans to optimize the layout of facilities. Standardize the construction of rural domestic waste classification collection points, equipped with perfect classified collection and transportation vehicles and transfer stations. Orderly promote the local recycling and harmless disposal of degradable domestic garbage such as rural kitchen waste.(Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Municipal Finance Bureau, Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, and district and county governments)

(9) Strengthen the classified collection, transportation and disposal of agricultural solid waste.Actively promote the construction of key districts and counties for comprehensive utilization of crop straw, support the construction of facilities for comprehensive utilization of crop straw, make full use of idle places in rural areas to store and store straw, and include straw storage facilities in the scope of agricultural machinery purchase subsidies. Actively promote the construction of recycling outlets for abandoned agricultural films and pesticide packaging materials in villages and towns, improve the incentive mechanism for recycling subsidies for abandoned agricultural films, support the renovation of facilities and equipment in county-level agricultural film disposal centers, and improve the recycling and disposal capacity of agricultural films. Actively promote the construction of livestock and poultry manure resource utilization facilities, strengthen the verification of manure treatment facilities and the monitoring of manure quality; Promote the supporting construction of manure treatment facilities in farms under the regulations; Accelerate the construction of organic fertilizer production plants with livestock manure as raw materials, and improve the regional collection, transportation and treatment capacity of livestock manure.(Lead unit: Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee and Municipal Supply and Marketing Cooperatives; Responsible unit: district and county governments)

(10) Strengthen the classified collection, transportation and disposal of construction waste.According to the engineering muck, engineering mud, engineering garbage, demolition garbage and decoration garbage.fiveTypes, establish and improve the classification system of construction waste, so as to achieve strong source control, strict transportation supervision and standardized disposal and utilization. Supervise the construction unit to prepare the construction waste treatment plan, and submit it to the competent department of environmental health for the record as required. Comprehensive promotionUse new intelligent construction waste transport vehicles to promote the digital supervision of the whole chain of construction waste. According to the principle of moderate advance, accelerate the construction of construction waste landfill and resource utilization facilities. Encourage the coordinated disposal and utilization of construction waste across districts and counties, promote the co-construction and sharing of facilities, and reduce disposal costs. Carry out the appointment collection, transportation and disposal of decoration garbage and demolition garbage, and form a new model of whole process management. Encourage construction waste in rural areas, such as ash residue, broken bricks and old tiles, to achieve standardized disposal by paving roads and filling pits nearby. (Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, and district and county governments)

(eleven) to strengthen the classified collection, transportation and disposal of industrial solid waste.. Strictly implement the responsibilities of industrial solid waste generating units, establish and improve the management ledger with traceable and searchable information, and strengthen the supervision of the whole process of industrial solid waste generation, collection, storage, transportation, utilization and disposal. Strengthen the construction of centralized disposal facilities for industrial solid waste, continuously promote the extensive utilization of industrial solid waste such as slag and desulfurized gypsum, accelerate the comprehensive utilization of red mud and phosphogypsum, carry out the treatment of historical residue sites such as titanium gypsum, phosphogypsum and electrolytic manganese slag, expand the diversified utilization ways of industrial solid waste, and comprehensively improve the comprehensive utilization and harmless disposal level of industrial solid waste.(Lead unit: Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Development and Reform Commission and Municipal Economic Information Commission; Responsible unit: district and county governments)

(12) Strengthen the classified collection, transportation and disposal of medical wastes.. Strengthen classified management according to the Catalogue of Medical Waste Classification, urge medical and health institutions to strictly classify medical wastes, standardize the collection and temporary storage of medical wastes, and prohibit mixing infusion bottles (bags) and other medical wastes with domestic garbage. Improve the medical waste collection and transportation system, explore the establishment of a medical waste transit storage system with large and medium-sized medical and health institutions and township center hospitals as nodes, and expand the coverage of centralized collection of medical waste. Promote the construction and upgrading of centralized medical waste disposal facilities, establish a medical waste disposal system combining peacetime and wartime, and realize the full collection and treatment of medical waste in cities above the county level.(Lead unit: Municipal Health and Wellness Commission and Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment; Responsible unit: district and county governments)

(thirteen) to strengthen the coordination of garbage disposal facilities.Coordinate the planning and layout of waste sorting and disposal facilities, and realize the synchronous planning, construction and use of waste sorting and disposal facilities with urban construction and urban renewal. Promote the emergency sharing of garbage disposal facilities in adjacent areas, and strengthen the environmental risk emergency support capability of the Shuangcheng Economic Circle in Chengdu-Chongqing area. Break the obstacles of cross-domain collaborative disposal mechanism and give play to the collaborative disposal function of domestic waste disposal facilities. Promote the effective connection between garbage incineration and municipal sludge disposal, comprehensive utilization of incineration slag and industrial solid waste, incineration fly ash and hazardous waste disposal, hazardous waste and medical waste disposal, promote the collaborative disposal of rural organic wastes such as kitchen waste and manure, enhance the collaborative disposal effect, and realize the sharing of garbage disposal capacity.(Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau and Municipal Development and Reform Commission; Responsible units: Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Bureau, Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee, Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, and district and county governments)

(fourteen) to promote the construction of garbage resource utilization system.Strengthen the top-level design of garbage resource utilization, do a good job in system planning, improve the policies and standards of resource utilization, and form a resource utilization system with sound systems, perfect standards and smooth channels. Encourage franchising and other modes to promote the construction of waste resource utilization facilities and cultivate a number of leading domestic key enterprises for waste resource utilization. Support waste recycling enterprises to carry out research and development and demonstration application of facilities and equipment, and improve resource utilization technology and product quality. Increase the promotion and application of waste resource utilization products, and include resource utilization products in the government promotion and application list. (Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau and Municipal Development and Reform Commission; Responsible units: Municipal Finance Bureau, Municipal Science and Technology Bureau, Municipal Economic Information Committee, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Commerce Committee, Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee, and district and county governments)

(fifteen) to speed up the planning and construction of circular economy and venous industrial park.Construct a resource recycling industrial system and promote the construction mode of venous industrial park. Implement the "Chongqing Vein Industrial Park Planning" and speed up the construction of vein industrial park. Taking domestic waste incineration facilities as the center, disposal facilities such as construction waste, industrial solid waste and medical waste will be arranged according to local conditions. Combined with the types and quantities of regional solid waste and the surrounding industries, the land demand and functional layout are reasonably determined, and the circular economy industrial projects are planned. Guide the recycling and processing enterprises of renewable resources to settle in the park (base), strengthen the industrial circular link of the park (base), promote the sharing of process equipment, resources and energy, co-governance of environmental pollution and shared responsibility and risk, and realize rational utilization of resources, effective disposal of pollutants and preventable and controllable environmental risks. (Lead unit: Municipal Planning and Natural Resources Bureau and Municipal Development and Reform Commission; Responsible units: Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Urban Management Bureau, and district and county governments)

(16) AddFast domestic waste classification and renewable resources "two networks integration"Encourage allDistricts and counties set up recycling days for renewable resources. Accelerate the planning and construction of a trading point with the functions of domestic waste sorting and recycling, and build a sorting center or distribution center that integrates the functions of domestic waste recycling and recycling. Promote the transformation and upgrading of renewable resources industry, explore the combination of automatic recycling facilities and professional logistics, encourage leading enterprises to innovate the recycling model of renewable resources, and build an "Internet" integrating information, transaction and settlement.+Recycling "intelligent platform. Promote the recycling of low-value recyclable materials in domestic garbage and exploreFormulate supporting incentive policies.(Lead unit: Municipal Commission of Commerce and Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Supply and Marketing Cooperatives, and district and county governments)

(seventeen) to promote digital integration.Make full use of big data, Internet of Things, cloud computing and other technologies to promote the intelligent upgrading of garbage sorting and treatment facilities, and promote the construction of an intelligent management system for the whole process of garbage collection, storage, transportation and disposal of domestic garbage, industrial solid waste, construction waste, agricultural solid waste and medical waste. Promote the innovation of operation and supervision mode with digitalization, make full use of existing facilities to build a centralized and unified monitoring service platform, and strengthen information collection, sharing, analysis, evaluation and early warning. Explore the classified management of domestic waste into the urban information model platform (CIM), realize the traceability, traceability and law enforcement of waste classification management. Strengthen the application of medical waste information management platform and improve the modern management level of medical waste disposal. Strengthen online real-time monitoring of pollutant discharge and environmental quality, and enhance the ability of environmental risk prevention and control.(Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee, Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, Municipal Big Data Development Bureau, and district and county governments)

(eighteen) to promote the application of science and technology.. Strengthen the research and development of key core technologies, promote collaborative innovation in Industry-University-Research, support the cooperation between universities, research institutes and key enterprises, and carry out research and development by means of "revealing the list", focusing on breakthroughs in the research and development of facilities and equipment suitable for different regions and types of garbage disposal and resource utilization. Focusing on the source reduction, resource utilization and harmless disposal of all kinds of garbage, we will carry out the popularization, application and integrated demonstration of advanced and applicable technologies, and explore and promote the research and development and application of key technologies for the coordinated disposal of medical waste and industrial solid waste in domestic waste incineration facilities. (Lead unit: Municipal Science and Technology Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Ecological Environment Bureau, Municipal Urban Management Bureau, Municipal Agriculture and Rural Committee, Municipal Health and Wellness Committee, and district and county governments)

(nineteen) to strengthen organizational leadership.. Strengthen overall planning and coordination, and organize regular joint meetings on waste classification and management. All districts and counties earnestly fulfill the main responsibility of waste classification and management, and the main person in charge of the government personally plans, deploys and promotes waste classification and management. Compacting the industry management responsibilities of relevant municipal departments, carrying out normalized joint law enforcement, and improving the efficiency of waste classification and management.(Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible unit: municipal departments, district and county governments)

(20) Strengthen policy guarantee.. Actively strive for tax, financial and other preferential policies and relevant industrial policy support, and strive for World Bank loans, special funds from the central government and special bonds from local governments. Overall arrangement of financial budget funds, the municipal, district and county levels of finance in accordance with the principle of division of powers and expenditure responsibilities, to ensure the funding needs of the work related to waste classification and management, such as upgrading facilities. Guide social capital to participate in waste classification and management, and gradually form a funding guarantee mechanism with government guidance, market operation and diversified investment.(Lead unit: Municipal Finance Bureau and Chongqing Taxation Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Development and Reform Commission, Municipal Urban Management Bureau, district and county governments)

(twenty-one) to carry out pioneer creation.Carry out the "100 million" action of waste sorting pioneers in the whole city, and incorporate the creation of waste sorting pioneers into the evaluation of sanitary and civilized cities. Formulate the implementation plan, strictly organize the implementation, create a mature batch, organize the acceptance of a batch, and name those who pass the acceptance as "waste sorting pioneer"; For the successful pioneer districts and counties of garbage sorting, the municipal finance will give financial support by means of "replacing compensation with awards". (Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Civilization Office, Municipal Finance Bureau, Municipal Human Resources and Social Security Bureau, Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, and district and county governments)

(twenty-two) to strengthen publicity and guidance.Give full play to the role of the center, institute, station and point of civilized practice in the new era, and popularize the knowledge of garbage classification and the requirements of policies and regulations through special activities and various media publicity. We will continue to carry out "Nine Enters" activities and volunteer service activities such as garbage sorting into communities, families, schools, enterprises, institutions, supermarkets, hotels, windows and military camps, strengthen sorting awareness, develop sorting habits and improve sorting quality. Tell the story of garbage classification, widely publicize the creation activities, classification models, "the most beautiful series" of people and things, and promote garbage classification to become a new fashion of low-carbon life.(Lead unit: Propaganda Department of Municipal Party Committee and Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible units: Municipal Education Commission, Municipal Economic Information Commission, Municipal Bureau of Ecology and Environment, Municipal Housing and Urban-Rural Construction Committee, Municipal Agricultural and Rural Committee, Municipal Health and Wellness Commission, Municipal Bureau of Organ Affairs, and district and county governments)

(twenty-three) to strengthen supervision and evaluation.Optimize and improve the comprehensive evaluation system of waste classification and treatment, and evaluate the effectiveness of waste classification and treatment in a multi-dimensional and differentiated manner. Implement the system of "quarterly notification and annual evaluation", evaluate the relevant departments of counties and cities every quarter, and comprehensively analyze and evaluate the waste classification and management work of relevant departments of counties and cities every year, combined with unannounced visits, indicators reaching the standard and third-party evaluation. (Lead unit: Municipal Urban Management Bureau; Responsible unit: municipal departments, district and county governments)

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Attachment: Main indicators of waste classification and management in Chongqing

remarks: Classified coverage rate of municipal solid waste and harmless disposal rate of medical waste in urban built-up areas2One indicator is binding, and the other indicators are expected.

Talent is the first resource, and it is also a strategic resource to win the initiative of international competition. At present, the development of scientific and technological talents in China has made remarkable achievements, but many aspects of the vitality of scientific and technological talents still do not meet the requirements of high-quality development, and it is urgent to speed up reform.

First, the achievements and shortcomings of scientific and technological talents’ innovation vitality

Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the state has attached great importance to the work of scientific and technological talents, and successively issued Opinions on Deepening the Reform of the System and Mechanism of Talent Development, Guiding Opinions on Promoting the Reform of the Evaluation Mechanism of Talents by Classification, Pilot Implementation Plan on Giving Scientific and Technological Researchers the Ownership or Long-term Use Right of Scientific and Technological Achievements, Notice on Implementing the Relevant Documents Giving Scientific and Technological Institutions and Personnel Greater Autonomy, Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions to Innovate and Entrepreneurship, which have played an important role in stimulating the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents. The innovation ability of scientific and technological talents in China has been continuously improved, but the innovation potential still needs to be further explored. Mainly as follows:

(A) the ability of talent innovation has been continuously enhanced, but there is still much room for improvement in the vitality of talent innovation.

China Science and Technology Talents Development Report 2020 shows that the total number of scientific and technological talents in China has increased rapidly. In 2019, the total number of R&D personnel in the country was 7.13 million, 1.3 times that of 2015. However, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries in terms of scientific and technological talent reserve. In 2021, the number of researchers per million people in China was 539, which was lower than that in developed countries such as the United States (3,496), Japan (5,078), Germany (3,168) and France (1916), and the gap with the average level of high-income countries (3,036) was also very obvious (Figure 1).

In 2021, the ranking of China Global Innovation Index has risen from 34th in 2012 to 12th. In recent ten years, the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China has also been continuously improved. However, the national R&D researchers account for only 43.9% of the full-time equivalent of R&D personnel, which is lower than that of major economies in the world (50%). Among them, the proportion of full-time equivalent of R&D basic researchers has a downward trend (Figure 2). There is still a big gap between China and the major countries in the world in the investment intensity of R&D personnel and the proportion of basic researchers in R&D personnel. In recent years, the growth rate of R&D personnel in enterprises has slowed down, which needs more attention.

Figure 1 Comparison of scientific and technological talents between China and developed countries in 2021 (person)

Data source: According to the data of International Statistical Yearbook 2021 of the National Bureau of Statistics.

Figure 2 Changes of full-time equivalent of R&D personnel in China from 2011 to 2020 (person-year,%)

Source: Wind database.

(B) The input-output efficiency of scientific research has improved significantly, but the value of human capital of scientific researchers has not been properly reflected.

In recent years, the citation rate of China’s scientific research papers has increased significantly, and it has formed an influence in certain fields. According to the Statistical Report of Scientific Papers in China in 2021, the number of papers in top international journals in China ranks second in the world, rising by two places, and the number of highly cited papers and hot papers continues to rank second in the world, among which international co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China. However, China lacks originality and basic innovation, its core technology and bottom technology are still controlled by others, and its innovation ability still cannot meet the requirements of high-quality development, and there is still a gap with the world-class powers. At present, the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements in China is only about 10%, and the industrialization rate is less than 5%. Take the proportion of internal expenditure of R&D funds and technology market transactions in GDP as an example, the proportion of basic research is low, and the growth rate is lower than that of internal expenditure of R&D funds. At the same time, the proportion of technology market transactions in GDP is less than 3% (Figure 3). The market-oriented conversion rate of scientific research results is not high, which affects the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers.

Figure 3 Changes of R&D investment in China from 2011 to 2020 (RMB 10,000,%)

Source: According to the Wind database.

From the realization of human capital value of scientific researchers, in recent years, the salary of scientific and technological talents in China has increased steadily, but compared with other types of personnel at the same level, the salary level of scientific and technological personnel is still not competitive, and the salary level of scientific and technological personnel does not match its contribution. According to the salary survey data of enterprises in Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security, the median salary of engineering technicians, agricultural technicians and health professionals in China in 2021 was 71,000 yuan/year, 49,400 yuan/year and 57,100 yuan/year respectively, which was lower than the salary level of management, finance and IT (Table 1). From the comparison of job types in enterprises, taking the median salary as an example, the salary level of professional and technical personnel in the same rank is lower than that of management personnel (Table 2). In terms of industries, the wages of professional and technical personnel are generally above the average level of regulated enterprises, but in most industries, such as mining and manufacturing, the wages of professional and technical personnel are lower than those of managers of the same rank.

Table 1 Comparison of salaries of professional and technical personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

Table 2 Comparison of salaries of technical and management personnel in China in 2021 (10,000 yuan/year)

Source: Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security.

(3) The level of scientific research opening has been greatly improved, but the phenomenon of brain drain is still outstanding.

In recent years, the level of scientific and technological talents’ foreign academic exchanges and scientific research cooperation in China has been continuously enhanced. According to Statistics of Scientific Papers in China in 2021 published by China Science and Technology Information Research, from 2011 to 2021, the proportion of papers produced by 10 disciplines in China exceeded 20% in the world. Among the international papers published in China in 2020, there were 144,500 international co-authored papers, up by 11.1% year-on-year. International co-authored papers account for 26.2% of the total published papers in China, and international co-authored papers with China as the first author account for 69.3% of all international co-authored papers in China, with partners involving 169 countries (regions).

However, for a long time, the loss of scientific and technological talents abroad, and the loss of scientific and technological talents from state-owned departments to the private sector is still relatively common. According to the data of the Ministry of Education, in 2022, nearly 700,000 China students chose to stay abroad, and the proportion of Tsinghua University and Peking University studying abroad reached 14.2% and 18.9%, while the proportion of Qingbei students returning to China was only 20%. According to a survey conducted by the Paulson Foundation in the United States in 2020, about 60% of AI scientists in the world work in American universities, companies or private research institutions, and two-thirds of them come to the United States for further study after graduating from other countries. The main source of students is China, accounting for 27%, and 32,000 Chinese scientists have voluntarily become American citizens. There are many high-end talents among them.

In addition, the state-owned sector is also facing the challenge of the flow of scientific and technological talents to private enterprises. According to the research and development center of China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology on Aerospace Science and Technology Group, from 2012 to 2016, the total number of people leaving the main institutions of the group showed an upward trend, with the annual turnover rate exceeding 10%, and the loss was concentrated in the young and middle-aged backbone groups under 35.

Second, development concepts, institutional mechanisms and talent policies affect the release of talent vitality.

With the rapid changes of economic, social and technological progress, the traditional management mode of scientific and technological talents has not adapted to the development requirements of the new era, and the scientific research management system and mechanism restrict the development of scientific and technological talents’ innovation and creativity. At present, we need to stimulate the vitality of scientific and technological talents more than at any time in history, and it is urgent to press the "acceleration button" for talent reform.

(A) The concept of talent development, some regions and departments have failed to pay attention to the all-round development of people and the diversified demands of talents.

Some cadres have not fully applied the development law of scientific and technological talents, some ways of thinking are still in the era of planned economy, and some important decisions often "see things but not people", which is not enough to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific and technological talents. In some jobs, there are many elements about the importance of talents, but there are not many practical and effective measures to stimulate the vitality of talents. Some state-owned units are still stuck in the traditional personnel management mode, and the talent management mode is extensive and backward, emphasizing material incentives and neglecting the shaping of talent environment. There are still many institutional and institutional obstacles in personnel training, introduction, use, motivation and mobility, and the system of introducing foreign talents and high-end skilled immigrants is still not perfect.

The concept of all-round development of scientific and technological talents has not yet been formed, the training of top-notch innovative talents is lagging behind, the education system has put too much emphasis on result orientation, and the atmosphere of attaching importance to exam-oriented education and knowledge infusion, ignoring interest cultivation and innovation discovery is still very strong. Some highly educated international students have global vision and cutting-edge knowledge, and have been integrated into the forefront of global scientific and technological development. However, the attraction of these talents returning to China for development is insufficient, and the brain drain problem is still outstanding. There is still a big gap between China and the global talent center.

The "administrative color" of scientific research personnel management is still very prominent, which emphasizes management over service. There are many reports, many approvals and long time-consuming in the declaration and evaluation of scientific research projects, and scientific research personnel have to spend a lot of time and energy in administrative affairs. There are too many detailed items in the budget of scientific research funds, and many requirements are not suitable for the uncertainty and periodicity of scientific research activities. There are many restrictions on the payment of wages and labor expenses for scientific research funds, and the knowledge labor of scientific research personnel cannot be properly reflected. Excessive frequent assessment restricts the initiative of scientific and technological talents to concentrate on research. According to a survey conducted by the Policy Research Group of the Talent Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, the three measures that scientific and technological talents most want to speed up implementation are loosening burdens, supporting talents to carry out basic research for a long time and giving them greater autonomy, with the selection ratios of 40.2%, 35.9% and 32.8% respectively.

(B) Talent incentive mechanism, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of talent resources is not fully played.

The system and mechanism to promote the entrepreneurship of scientific and technological talent officers need to be further optimized, the decisive role of the market in the allocation of human resources has not been fully exerted, and the human capital value of scientific and technological talents has not been properly reflected. In recent years, the internationalization, marketization and competitiveness of scientific and technological personnel in China’s state-owned departments have been continuously improved. However, in some state-owned enterprises, the problems of "lying flat", "Buddhism" and overstaffed personnel are still outstanding. Due to strict identity management, low salary and narrow promotion space, some state-owned departments have lost their own scientific and technological talents, and the ranks of scientific and technological talents are unstable.

Due to the unreasonable performance appraisal and salary distribution system, some units can not reflect more work and more pay, and distribution according to work, which leads to many scientific and technological talents in state-owned enterprises doing more and doing less, and doing the same with not doing it. There are also some enterprises that lack an incentive job development system, which makes it difficult for scientific and technological talents to be promoted and moved. Some talents can’t see their career development prospects and their entrepreneurial enthusiasm can’t be mobilized. In some public-owned units, the talent incentive means is single, so it is difficult to mobilize the entrepreneurial enthusiasm of talent officers, and the reform of salary distribution such as equity incentive is slow. Especially under the background of digital economy, human capital elements play a prominent role in various enterprises, but the human capital value of core technicians and outstanding operators has not been properly reflected after the reform. The traditional salary system, which mainly focuses on wages and bonuses, can no longer meet the needs of enterprise development. The reform of state-owned enterprises in market-oriented selection, contractual management, differentiated salary and market-oriented exit is not in place, and they cannot retain core talents, so they are at a relative disadvantage in talent competition.

(C) In terms of talent policy, there are problems such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation and untimely evaluation.

In recent years, in order to mobilize the enthusiasm of scientific research talents, many talent policies have been issued from the central government to the local government, such as Guiding Opinions on Supporting and Encouraging the Innovation and Entrepreneurship of Professional and Technical Personnel in Institutions and Guiding Opinions on Implementing the Distribution Policy Oriented to Increasing Knowledge Value. However, there are still some problems in the process of policy implementation, such as weak pertinence, difficult implementation, lack of supporting facilities and untimely evaluation, which cause "good policies" to fail to achieve "good results". Take actively encouraging scientific researchers to take part-time jobs, take part in projects and start businesses as an example. Due to the lack of supporting implementation rules, some scientific research units are difficult to grasp who can take part-time jobs, how to manage part-time workers and how to confirm knowledge achievements, and there are practical difficulties such as "thinking out" and "going out can’t come back". The lack of evaluation of the talent policy that has been implemented for a period of time is not conducive to policy iteration, and it is not conducive to timely adjustment, which affects the effect of policy implementation.　

Third, countermeasures and suggestions

Talent vitality is "released", not "managed". It is suggested to further change the concept of talents, speed up the "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" reform in the field of talents, optimize the talent policy, create a better talent ecology, and create conditions for further releasing the vitality of talents.

The first is to change the concept of talent development and promote the development of talent career with comprehensive evaluation of talents.In terms of talent concept, it is necessary to further improve the evaluation system of scientific and technological talents with classification, scientific diversity and openness. According to the job characteristics, set evaluation indicators, and recognize the performance of job responsibilities, participation in scientific research work, high-level papers published, and the effectiveness of achievements transformation as contributions, so as to avoid using only signed achievements as the basis for assessment and evaluation.

The second is to speed up the reform of the system of scientific and technological talents and stimulate the innovation vitality of scientific and technological talents with the guidance of increasing knowledge value.On the basis of ensuring the normal growth of the basic salary level, we will gradually increase the basic salary that reflects the innovative talents to perform their duties and responsibilities, and increase the autonomy of performance pay. We will increase the sharing ratio of scientific and technological achievements of researchers, and increase the fruitful income of researchers through multiple channels. Give researchers the long-term right to use their scientific and technological achievements for not less than 10 years, and clarify the specific operation methods for researchers to take part-time jobs.

The third is to speed up the reform of "streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services" for scientific and technological talents and further create "relaxation" for scientific research.Give scientists more power to decide the technical route, control more funds and dispatch more resources, and accelerate the formation of strategic fulcrum and yan zhen pattern. Promote scientific research units to reduce the frequency of assessment, implement medium-and long-term assessment such as employment period assessment and project cycle assessment, and simplify and dilute the usual assessment. Open major national scientific research infrastructure and large-scale scientific research instruments to the society, and improve the use efficiency of scientific research equipment and the synergistic effect of innovation.

The fourth is to optimize all kinds of talent policies and actively shape the ecological environment of scientific and technological talents suitable for people to give full play to their talents.Vigorously carry forward the spirit of "two bombs and one satellite" with innovation as the core in the whole society, and vigorously cultivate an environment that encourages innovation and tolerates failure. Consultation channels should be established for management issues and financial systems with strong policies, and good practices, experiences and cases of local and unit scientific and technological talents development should be well publicized.　

(The author Qian Cheng is an associate researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center; Feng Wenmeng is a researcher at the Institute of Public Administration and Human Resources of the State Council Development Research Center)

[Editor’s note]Through the superficial phenomenon of "little white" in online literature, many works with equal emphasis on entertainment and ideology have been born. This book list will introduce a more diverse online world, from the unpopular to the popular, from the small crowd to the public, and those outstanding works of various types.

"The Legend of Cyberhero" by My Taoist Master is not alone.

Cyberpunk’s martial arts essays, which have a good reputation, are very tasty.

The author’s new book, Walking into Cultivating Immortals, is probably equivalent to gunnm+ghost in the shell.

The novel’s brain is wide open, with programming ability as the martial arts framework, using programming and hacking techniques to fight, which leads to the concept of cybermartial arts. The fighting description is vivid, energetic, strange and tense, and it is integrated into dystopia, doomsday wasteland, chivalrous spirit and other elements. At the beginning, the protagonist has only one head, which was picked up in the garbage dump and lost his memory. After fighting again and again, he gradually recovered those things deep in his memory.

The most impressive thing is the creation of the cyber atmosphere. It can be said that it is not generally excellent. A simple outline depicts an absurd and desperate cyber society. The ruling class is absurd and cruel, and people are spoiled by animals, and even babies are transformed into speakers and locators to play with sympathetic slaves. The bottom cyber people (transformed people) are numb and struggling hard, and the feeling of darkness and absurdity is really unspeakable. The full text is gloomy and solemn, magnificent, vivid, bloody and thought-provoking! The dark and absurd cyber atmosphere is quite brilliant, but it is precisely because of the heavy and gloomy novel theme that it is difficult for book lovers who are used to relaxed, happy and cool writing style to accept.

Recommended index, 4.5 stars. I recommend it to the party that is mentally prepared and tired of reading mainstream online routines. If you want to experience a cyber style, this book is very suitable, but it needs a little patience. In a way, this fairy grass!

"self-help strategy of salted fish" by seems to be a master

Urban rebirth from media entrepreneurship.

The author is an old writer of DND western fantasy games more than ten years ago, who seems to be a master, and has written the classic "Mysterious Badge of Forgotten Country". This time, it is the return of missing people, and it is an urban text.

Different from the rebirth of commercial warfare, this book is a contemporary parallel to time and space, and the time point is the present. The main line is self-media entrepreneurship that keeps up with the trend of the times, and it is integrated into the author’s entrepreneurial experience for more than ten years. Therefore, the entrepreneurial part is particularly wonderful, and the convenience store+bike-sharing+community modularization is really carefully pondered, and the writing goes without saying. The old author has accumulated experience, not to mention doubt.

For me, the biggest highlight of the novel is that the author’s commercial dry goods make people shine at the moment, and he has a deep understanding of media operation, and he knows about start-ups and various commercial operations. The plot follows the hot spots closely, so Tik Tok users should be very kind to read this book! However, it should be noted that the emotional drama about the first love is very general, and the ex-girlfriend is lingering, which has caused a lot of controversy.

The recommendation index, 3.5 stars, is recommended to dry goods party readers who like to read novels and learn something.

"The Wonderful Adventure of Li Qing" by Wang of the River

High-quality JOJO fans with rare male frequency hardcore wits actually attacked by word of mouth after finishing this book? ! !

With the skills of a blind monk, the protagonist went to Italy in JOJO world. At the beginning of Jojo 5, he paid attention to the rational development of existing abilities to defeat the enemy, focusing on wits. The use of abilities can be said to be an open mind, and he wrote the shining golden spirit of the original book, "Overcoming death and despair with courage and wisdom". Every battle was online, which restored the stagnation of the original commentary. The plot was compact, the fighting continued, and the style of writing was sophisticated. For Jojo fans,

The most amazing thing about the novel is that after the book was finished, the novel ushered in a word-of-mouth counterattack, and all the book lovers who criticized the book at the beginning turned into the real fragrant party. Why?

Because the grey line of grass snake and the pulse are thousands of miles, the layout begins from the beginning to the final end, revealing the mystery and the foreshadowing laid in the previous article, which is very surprising and carefree, and it is really commendable in the online world.

However, I still want to emphasize that although this book is very worth reading for Chef JO, the limitations of the minority works are also worth mentioning. The opening of the novel is long and repetitive, and it is obvious that the above-mentioned Zhenxiang Party left a message and spit out bad reviews at this time. Although it was well received after reading it, there was something wrong with the opening, and then there was the rhythm of the story, especially the battle after battle, which led to a serious lack of refreshment. However, when reading it, it was hard to let go. Another problem is that it is too similar to the expression of comics, which challenges readers’ imagination and brain tonic ability. If you don’t have a certain understanding of JOJO, you will be fascinated.

Recommended index, 3.5 stars. If you like JOJO, the recommendation index of that book is five stars.

Knife cage by insect dream

The unique martial arts style Xianxia literature combining martial arts and Taoism.

At the beginning, it is very chivalrous, with the leading character in troubled times, Dreadwind, a lone star, who is like a fire. At the beginning, he is dressed in Yamaraja’s knife, telling everyone that it feels like Tsui Hark’s movie "Knife". In troubled times, bandits and bandits abound, and there are strange and monitors above the common customs. That smell makes people want to stop. It’s a bit like chasing Yang Shen.

Generally speaking, the opening of the novel is as always, and the description of the fighting is still enjoyable. Some book lovers think that the description of the fighting is as pure as fire. It is comparable to a bird (the evaluation is a bit high), and the setting system can be justified. The disadvantage is that the writing is obscure and the main line is not clearly explained. Readers who read ten lines easily get confused.

The recommended index is three stars. It should be noted that this author’s consistent shortcoming is that he pulls his hips in the middle and late period, and his writing skills are very energetic, and he will be in chaos when he arrives in the fairy. I hope you can hit me in the face this time.

"The Green Dragon Nests" by Gui Xi Bei Ming

DND becomes a stream of dragons and animals, a niche boutique.

It tells the story of the indigenous green dragon nesting. After leaving his mother, the young green dragon, who was blessed by five dragons, took the maid mage and set foot on the road of nesting, subduing evil tribes along the way, venturing to farm and competing for treasures. There are quite a few such dragon-changing books, but most of them are written by human psychological behavior. This author is rare, and his writing style is sophisticated, and his story is based on the characteristics of dragon’s thinking mode, and his portrayal of non-human beings can be vivid and flesh-and-blood! Abundant details pave the way, which makes people feel very substituted.

Two days ago, I saw Ma Boyong recommend this book in Weibo. Let me quote the comments of the prince:

"The Green Dragon’s Nest-building" should be the best DND streaming novel I have ever read after Memo of Spirit Absorbing Monsters and Ghost (formerly I am embarrassed to mention it …). Against the background of Phelan mainland, a green dragon leaving its nest is determined to start its own nest and career. At first glance, it’s a fantasy farming with a slightly cheap and funny style, but what’s hidden under it is the deep tactical wisdom. For example, in the first big plot, the dwarf steals the heart of the mountain. I just expected a wonderful war between the two sides. I didn’t expect every turn to be unexpected. It can be said that none of the participants are fools, intrigued with each other and brilliant, which completely exceeds the stereotype of traditional Phelan race. In addition, the author’s description of the dragon’s mentality is so meticulous that he almost doubts whether it is the reincarnation of the dragon. (@ Magic’s Essence is written so well because he is himself) ".

Recommended index, four stars. It should be noted that the update is slow.

"Little people in the Jianghu" by drying up and dispersing people

A rare martial arts quick-wear article with cologne flavor.

This is an author who focuses on martial arts fans. His writing style is not bad, and the description of fighting is above the standard. This book is the story of martial arts astronomy with the main flavor of Gu Long, and the story of the protagonist’s crossing in various Gu Long novels. The growth of the original protagonist is also well described. The first copy of "Big Man", the second copy of "Two Prides in Family", the third copy of "Meteor Butterfly Sword" and the fourth copy of "heroes shed no tears" are all based on Gu Long’s works, which are slightly unfamiliar to ordinary readers, and may be a little fresh for book lovers who are used to seeing Jin Yong.

Generally speaking, this is a buried masterpiece, and some copies may be humbled, but the author will remind in advance that skipping a whole copy will not affect reading coherence.

Recommended index, three stars.

"I became a dragon mother" by hot sauce Regan Noodles.

The female sovereign travels with the same person to farm, and tends to be happy and funny.

The magical male author wrote the article about the heroine’s hegemony. The protagonist crossed into a pregnant dragon mother daenerys targaryen, and there was no love story. It is mainly about the protagonist riding a dragon, spraying fire on people, conquering the world, playing magic, playing different ghosts, and tossing Jon’s little demons. He will not make enemies without brains, but he will also fight decisively. Not the virgin, not killing people. The plot mainly follows fire and ice.

The author is familiar with the original work, the character analysis is in place, all kinds of plots are reasonable, and it is a set control, and the writing is thin and dense. Therefore, on the whole, the organization is clear, the writing is smooth, and it is quite fun. The farming is quite innovative, but it is slow at the beginning and needs some patience. It should be noted that the author’s consideration in the political field is not comprehensive enough, and the political system and legal construction seem to be taken for granted, especially the section of controlling Ma Wang’s men with the Manchu Eight Banners system. Although it is just a spoof, it has passed in a dozen chapters, but it has caused some controversy.

Recommended index, three to four stars, book lovers who like farming can try it boldly.

Flying over the bubble age by diagonal chord

Showa’s Japanese entertainment articles are full of amorous feelings.

The novel tells the story of China’s cross-dressers in the Japanese bubble era. The protagonist resigned as a waiter to become an underground artist’s agent from scratch, then started a band and later transformed into a film and television music company.

The story is a little mild and slow, but the content is good. It can be seen that the author has worked very hard on the information. Because of abundant information, the protagonist’s behavior style conforms to Japanese thinking, and there is no frivolous success, no enterprising and lonely courage, and no stinking rice circles and obsequiousness in Japanese entertainment novels. It well shows the situation of Japanese entertainment in the 1980 s. It is reasonable to read, and the novel is another impressive one.

It should be noted that the rhythm of the novel is slow, the sense of career promotion is weak, and the author is "keen" on stock trading. More than 400 chapters have not yet been determined, and the whole is too dull. Just like watching Japanese dramas and movies, there is no ups and downs, so it is easy to put it down and you can’t pick it up …

Recommended index, between three and four stars, book lovers who want to experience Showa style can give it to Xiancao.

"Ming Zun" by Chen Shiyi

Brain hole to Xianxia infinite flow, open lower and go higher.

The author’s new book "Fantasy World Crossing", the protagonist is Tai Shang’s personal treasure, who is born by weight, and is a master figure. He has his own understanding of repairing the truth and is decisive. He wears a seven-fold vest and pretends to be Meng Xin, and enters the space of the Lord God to compete with a group of Meng Xin. Congenital dramatists perform Tao and Gou Tao. As the saying goes: "Master Chen kills three thousand worlds, while Master Qian gives three thousand worlds".

It should be noted that the novel feels a little low and high. At the beginning, it was criticized (quite a few) that there were too many supporting roles, and a lot of space was spent on the introduction of world settings. By the time the reincarnation task began, it became more and more exciting, and it was full of Xianxia spirit. At present, it has a strong sense of paying tribute to "The Honor of I", and even the stalks of Mang King Kong began to play.

Generally speaking, it’s really a good book. It’s wonderful to stick to the copy of the team (The Hunger’s copy will be praised by five stars). I can feel that the author is deliberately adjusting the rhythm to face a wider reading group. In the past, it was a bit too heavy on the brain setting and despised the plot design. This is one reason why it was criticized at the beginning.

Recommended index, four stars.

　　"The card is still there, and the money was stolen", "The credit card slip was abandoned casually, and money was lost", "Filling in the online questionnaire for the gift, and being harassed by the phone" … … These phenomena are not uncommon, and most of them are related to the disclosure of personal financial information.

　　At present, the Internet platform has become a widespread collector and user of personal information and data, but some institutions are not optimistic about the protection of consumers’ financial information. Recently, a research article published by the research group of the Financial Consumer Rights Protection Bureau of the People’s Bank of China pointed out that some head Internet platforms have some problems in terms of format, information collection and use, and marketing promotion.

　　Come and learn about the common "routines" used by some institutions to collect personal financial information, which will help you polish your eyes and "reverse routines".

　　1. The "terms" are rich in content and professional, and consumers are over-collected without knowing it.

　　When registering financial applications on mobile phones, there are often relevant clauses and privacy policy statements issued in the form of format contracts, requiring users to agree to authorization. However, most people have not carefully read these "terms" with various contents and strong professionalism. Even if consumers read the terms carefully, if they don’t agree, it often means that they can’t use the software.

　　As everyone knows, in actual implementation, such clauses often excessively collect the information of financial consumers. In addition to some necessary information, many Internet platforms have collected additional information about financial consumers’ identities, transactions, assets and liabilities, litigation information, performance information and judgment information of performance ability.

　　According to the relevant persons of the Central Bank’s Financial Consumer Rights Protection Bureau, on the one hand, the Internet platform has absolute "right to speak" on the scope of information collection, and the scope of "necessary information" collected is too wide; On the other hand, consumers may not really "know" or "agree" with the content of information collected by Internet platforms.

　　To this end, the Measures for the Administration of Credit Information Business (Draft for Comment) promulgated by the People’s Bank of China in January this year clearly stipulates that credit information collection by credit reporting agencies should follow the principle of "minimum and necessity" and should not be excessively collected. The collection of personal credit information by a credit reporting agency shall be subject to the consent of the information subject, and clearly inform the information subject of the purpose, information source and information scope of collecting credit information, as well as the possible adverse consequences of not agreeing to collect information.

　　2. Excessive tracking and collection of users’ "digital footprints", and "precision marketing" is highly induced.

　　Many people have this experience: only after searching for a brand new mobile phone, the consumer loan advertisement of small loan company appears in front of them; I just praised the face value of a star in a circle of friends, and the recommendation of medical cosmetic surgery and "cosmetic loan" came naturally … …

　　Behind these "precision marketing" is the "full mastery" of personal information of financial consumers by some Internet platforms. Driven by commercial interests, some large Internet platforms will excessively track and collect users’ "digital footprints" and improperly use data-driven marketing strategies.

　　Among the many "digital footprints" of users, all kinds of financial information, including account information, transaction information, credit information, etc., are the most valuable, which can build the "credit" pillar of large-scale Internet platforms. By digging up users’ financial behavior, analyzing the characteristics of users’ financial behavior and pushing a large number of financial marketing advertisements, "ahead of consumption" and "over consumption" are accepted by some people with fragile credit.

　　When more high-risk and low-net-worth people are attracted into the "unsecured consumer loan" trap, financial risks are quietly brewing. Therefore, the research group of the Central Bank’s Financial Consumer Rights Protection Bureau reminded that it is necessary to urge large-scale Internet platforms to tap the value of information under the premise of legality, compliance, reasonableness, reasonableness and moderation, and promote consumption upgrading, instead of "wool" information, let alone killing the goose that lays the golden eggs and exhausting the resources.

　　3. Internet platform improves the "availability" of credit, but often ignores the "affordability".

　　You don’t have to "grovel" in front of friends and relatives to borrow money. You just need to apply for a loan on the Internet platform and you will have the opportunity to get financial support. It is true that this has improved the "availability" of credit, but for people with fragile credit, behind the great temptation is the "affordability" that is easily overlooked.

　　In the view of the research group, the development of digital inclusive finance cannot be separated from the foundation of consumer protection and personal financial information protection, and it is necessary to urge large Internet platforms to establish the concept of "responsible finance".

　　The research group suggested that the financial business should be fully regulated according to law, the supervision of large-scale Internet platforms should be strengthened, the anti-monopoly review of large-scale Internet platform enterprises should be strengthened, and the financial marketing propaganda behavior of large-scale Internet platforms should be standardized.

　　4. How do consumers protect the security of personal financial information? Expert advice:

　　(1) Keep bank cards, ID cards, electronic banking authentication media, etc. properly, and never rent or lend them to others for use;

　　(2) In daily life or on the Internet, don’t disclose basic information such as bank card number, account password, SMS verification code and property status to others at will;

　　(3) Try to handle financial business in person, and don’t entrust unfamiliar people or intermediaries to guard against personal information being stolen;

　　(4) When downloading and installing the App or handling business in a third party, pay attention to the relevant authorization authority, carefully read the relevant agreements, contract terms and fill in personal information to avoid illegal use of important information;

　　(5) Do not discard transaction vouchers such as credit card purchase orders, ATM receipts, credit card statements, etc. The invalid financial business documents should be shredded or destroyed by a shredder;

　　(6) Be wary of telephone calls and emails asking you for personal financial information. If you encounter such situations, you should be vigilant and call the police immediately if necessary;

　　(7) When providing copies of personal identity documents for various businesses, the purpose of use shall be indicated on the copies to prevent the copies of identity documents from being used for other purposes. (Wu Yu, Tang Jianhui)

　　BEIJING, Beijing, August 30 (Qiu Yu) The application announced by the Beijing minibus index management system shows that all the 60,000 new energy vehicle indicators have been robbed. New energy vehicles are becoming more and more popular. The reporter from Zhongxin. com (WeChat WeChat official account: cns2012) found that more than 10 provinces have introduced relevant policies to encourage the purchase and use of new energy vehicles, and the problems such as insufficient number of charging piles are expected to be improved.

　　Charging facilities — —

　　Many places require large public buildings to charge parking spaces not less than 10%.

　　The Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development issued the Notice on Strengthening the Planning and Construction of Urban Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities, saying that by 2020, the number of electric vehicles in China will exceed 5 million, and the contradiction between the serious shortage of charging facilities and the rapid growth of electric vehicles will be further aggravated.

　　In order to solve this problem, Hebei, Fujian and other places put forward requirements for the configuration of charging facilities near residential areas and large public buildings in documents.

　　The reporter found out that Hebei, Fujian, Guangdong, Chongqing and other places require that the parking spaces for new residential buildings should be 100% reserved for the construction and installation of charging facilities, and the parking spaces with charging facilities for large public buildings should be no less than 10% of the total parking spaces. At least one fast charging and replacing power station should be built for every 2,000 electric vehicles.

　　Regarding the proportion of parking spaces with charging facilities in large public buildings, Shandong and Hainan have higher requirements, with 15% and 20% respectively.

　　The picture shows the electric vehicle charging pile. Zhongxin.com reporter Jin Shuo photo

　　Convenient access — —

　　Tianjin stipulates that new energy vehicles are not restricted by tail number restrictions.

　　The reporter noted that Tianjin, Shanxi and other places have issued documents to facilitate the travel of new energy vehicles.

　　Tianjin proposed that since January 1, 2016, new energy vehicles with license plates issued by this city will not be restricted by motor vehicle tail number restrictions.

　　Shanxi stipulates that from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017, highway tolls will be levied by half for the marked gas heavy trucks and methanol heavy trucks when passing through highways in Shanxi Province.

　　Seven departments in Shanghai jointly issued the Interim Measures of Shanghai Municipality for Encouraging the Purchase and Use of New Energy Vehicles (revised in 2016), and proposed that the city should give preferential treatment and convenient access to new energy vehicles when adopting motor vehicle restriction measures to alleviate traffic congestion.

　　A new energy electric car shuttle bus passed by a test center in Taiyuan, Shanxi. China News Agency issued Zhang Yunshe

　　Popularization and application — —

　　In 2018, 100% of new vehicles in Hainan public institutions will use new energy vehicles.

　　Many places plan to strengthen the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in the field of public services, and put forward specific proportions.

　　Hainan requires that from 2016 to 2020, the proportion of new energy buses in newly added and replaced buses will reach 50%, 60%, 70%, 80% and 90% respectively. From 2018 onwards, new energy vehicles should be 100% used for vehicles added or replaced by public institutions every year, except in special circumstances.

　　Shandong proposed that in 2014-2016, the proportion of new energy vehicles purchased by government agencies and public institutions in Qingdao and other demonstration cities for the promotion and application of new energy vehicles in that year was not less than 30%, and it will increase year by year.

　　Not only in the field of public services, Gansu has also put forward requirements for the overall promotion of new energy vehicles in the province. From 2016 to 2020, the number of new energy vehicles promoted in the province shall be no less than 10,000, 12,000, 15,000, 20,000 and 30,000 respectively, and the number of new energy vehicles promoted shall account for no less than 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3% of the total number of new and updated vehicles in the region.

　　Financial subsidies — —

　　Beijing, Shanghai and other places set a ceiling for the total amount of subsidies.

　　Beijing, Shanghai, Hainan and other places subsidize new energy vehicles, and at the same time set the upper limit of the total subsidy.

　　Beijing and Hainan stipulate that for new energy vehicles, the subsidy standard shall be determined according to the ratio of 1:1 between the state and the city, and the total financial subsidy of the state and the city shall not exceed 60% of the sales price of the vehicle.

　　Shanghai and Gansu put forward in the document that the total financial subsidies of the state and the city for new energy vehicles should not exceed 50% of the vehicle sales price.

　　In Hebei Province, nine types of new energy vehicles, such as government official vehicles, law enforcement patrol cars, school buses and taxis, were included in the scope of public services. During the promotion period, provincial finance subsidized car buyers according to the national subsidy standard of 1:1. (End)