标签： 夜上海论坛

Barrier-free environment construction is the basis for ensuring the full and convenient participation and integration of special groups such as the disabled into social life and promoting all social personnel to share the fruits of economic and social development. The Supreme People’s Procuratorate, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and the China Disabled Persons’ Federation have jointly released a number of typical cases of public interest litigation in barrier-free environment construction, promoting barrier-free environment construction from three aspects: barrier-free facilities construction, barrier-free information exchange and barrier-free social services, and safeguarding the rights and interests of specific groups such as the disabled and the elderly.

In recent years, in the process of promoting new urban construction, many places have built barrier-free facilities that are humanized, systematic, intelligent and coordinated with the surrounding environment by building barrier-free parking spaces, adding intelligent blind roads, and guiding the blind on the bus, making the life and travel of the disabled, the elderly and other groups more "unobstructed and loving".

Add intelligent blind roads to make travel unimpeded

[Highlights]

In some cities, intelligent blind roads with embedded electronic sensors have been added to urban roads, and the intelligent guidance system for helping the blind is synchronized. When blind citizens cross the street, the smart bracelet and mobile phone APP will activate the intelligent system, remind the passing vehicles to slow down and be polite, and guide the blind citizens to pass safely.

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In order to help visually impaired people travel safely, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, launched an intelligent blind zebra crossing last year, which combines video surveillance and radio frequency identification equipment to improve the traffic safety factor to a greater extent.

"The reason for increasing the blind road design is because we received feedback from the masses in May last year that there are more visually impaired people near this road, about 100. Due to the lack of barrier-free facilities in this section, there are great security risks for visually impaired people. " The staff of relevant departments said. In October last year, after many investigations and technical research and development, the relevant departments of Nanning added a zebra crossing with blind lanes embedded in it, with a length of nearly 30 meters, which was synchronized with an intelligent guidance system for the blind, and a chip bracelet was distributed for the visually impaired. According to reports, whenever visually impaired people cross the street, the guidance system for the blind will sense the signal of their bracelets, and LED display screens, warning lights, voice prompts and other equipment on the north and south sides of the intersection will give early warning to passing vehicles by visual and sound means to remind them to slow down and be polite. "When crossing this zebra crossing, the bracelet doesn’t have to be held in your hand and put in your pocket. The blind guidance system can also sense it, which makes it easier for us to walk." Tao Jin, a visually impaired person, said.

It is worth noting that in the pavement design, the zebra crossing is granular, and the concave and convex feeling of stepping on it can guide the visually impaired. At night, the guidance system for the blind will also send out laser tips to make them cross the street safer.

In October this year, the first special blind road with embedded electronic equipment in Zhuzhou City, Hunan Province was officially opened. This blind road is located at the intersection of Changjiang North Road and Mingzhu Road in Tianyuan District, and it crosses the underground passage of the main road. Relevant departments have added electronic equipment to the original blind road in this section to guide the blind people to walk intelligently and improve their travel experience. Electronic sensors are embedded in the middle of this blind road at intervals, and electronic speakers are installed at every corner. Blind people can seamlessly link to the electronic blind road guidance system through the mobile phone APP, and the mobile phone and electronic speakers will give voice prompts, accompanied by obstacles and stairs to guide blind citizens to pass safely.

On-line interactive system makes guidance unimpeded

[Highlights]

Some cities have built intelligent voice interactive public toilets and bus guide blind systems. The blind can arouse the voice interactive system, not only ask the specific location of some public facilities, but also give an alarm to seek outside help in case of emergency.

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"Right in front of you are the smart toilets and children’s toilets side by side, and your right hand side is the sink …" This leading voice comes from a barrier-free public toilet in Jianghan Community, Changhe Street, Binjiang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province.

It is understood that there are seven "AI intelligent barrier-free public toilets" in Jianghan community, some are located in communities, some are located beside parks, and some are in commercial buildings. In such a public bathroom, as soon as the door is opened, the AI intelligent vocal guidance system will broadcast the facilities and location in the bathroom by voice.

"This is our vocal guidance system specially designed for the visually impaired. With this system, after entering the private barrier-free public toilet, they can independently and quickly locate and use the facilities in the house, and there is no need to grope around for the sink. " The relevant person in charge of Jianghan Community said. In addition to the smart toilet, the improved version of the double-handle armrest and backrest, the inside of the bathroom door is equipped with a closing handle, which is convenient for wheelchair users to close the door. At the same time, it is specially equipped with Braille guidance, alarm bell and children’s toilet and multifunctional nursing table.

Not long ago, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province launched version 2.0 of the bus guide system for the blind. Visually impaired people can quickly know the distance of vehicles and the location of waiting stations by shaking their smartphones.

It is understood that when waiting for a bus, visually impaired people can hear how many stops before the next bus arrives at the waiting station as long as they gently shake their mobile phones, and the distance of the vehicles will also be informed. If the road environment is noisy, visually impaired people can gently shake their mobile phones close to their ears, so that they can hear the location of waiting vehicles more clearly and avoid the situation that they can’t get on the bus because they can’t hear the station announcement information.

At the same time, when the driver hears the vehicle automatically broadcasting the arrival reminder, he can know in time that the visually impaired people at the site need to get on the bus, and the driver can also actively find, check and wait for the visually impaired people at the site to get on the bus through this system. The bus guide system for the blind (Version 2.0) closely connects the driver and the visually impaired waiting for the bus, realizing the "two-way trip" between the driver and the passenger, and bringing more intimate guide service for the visually impaired.

Humanized transformation makes service have love.

[Highlights]

Some cities adhere to the principles of "individuation" and "humanization", and comprehensively consider various factors such as the category, degree and characteristics of the disabled, install intelligent equipment for the families of the disabled, or add intelligent facilities in public places to promote the transformation of barrier-free transformation from infrastructure transformation to intelligent transformation.

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How to make the disabled and the elderly better participate in social life? Playing cards in the square, going to the park for fun, and taking a comfortable hot bath … The answer may lie in this "loving" humanized service.

Recently, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development and other three departments jointly issued a number of typical cases of procuratorial public interest litigation for barrier-free environment construction to effectively protect the legitimate rights and interests of specific groups such as the disabled and the elderly. Among them, in the "Administrative Public Interest Litigation Case of Shenzhen People’s Procuratorate Urging to Improve the Barrier-free Function of the Audible Warning Device for Crossing the Street", the relevant departments in Shenzhen took immediate measures to implement the rectification in view of the problems such as the absence of the Audible Warning Device for Crossing the Street at the crosswalk and improper maintenance and management of the device. Relevant departments have explored the installation of a new type of intelligent audio warning device for crossing the street. After the pilot, they have planned to install it at all eligible newly-built or rebuilt intersections in Nanshan District and Longgang District of Shenzhen, and gradually push it out in the whole city.

Not only in Shenzhen, but also in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province, demonstration projects have been actively built, and 12 sets of intelligent sound prompting devices have been installed at the intersection of Laodong Road and Xihuan Road in conjunction with relevant departments. In addition, Suzhou has also explored the pilot of intelligent barrier-free bus guide service in the city, and launched a "barrier-free network car ride" for special groups in the province to meet the travel needs of disabled passengers.

In addition to further improving the service facilities in public places, some places have also actively promoted the intelligent transformation of home barrier-free facilities.

Ms. Zheng, who lives in Beitou Community, Anlin Station Town, Feicheng City, Shandong Province, has been unable to stand on her lower limbs because of polio sequelae since childhood. She has to work hard several times more than normal people to do many simple things, such as turning on and off lights, pulling curtains and drying clothes. Considering her actual situation, the relevant departments of Feicheng City included her home in the scope of this year’s barrier-free intelligent transformation, and installed a number of intelligent facilities and equipment for her, including smart lights, electric curtains and electric lifting clothes racks.

"Things that were inconvenient or impossible in the past can now be done alone." Ms. Zheng said that the barrier-free intelligent transformation has solved her big trouble and made her home life more convenient, comfortable and safe.

　　Xinhua News Agency, Hefei, December 3 rd: Inspirational! No arm girl touched 2 million fans by playing live with his feet.

　　Xinhua News Agency "China Net" reporter Liu Meizi

　　Washing your hair with your feet, making up, cooking and shopping, which are impossible for ordinary people, are exactly the daily life of Yang Li in no arm girl, Bengbu, Anhui.

　　In 2006, many media reported that Yang Li from no arm girl, Wuhe County, Anhui Province participated in the college entrance examination. The "inspirational college entrance examination girl" who sat on a special low stool and answered questions with one foot was impressive. Nowadays, the "inspirational girl" has broken into a butterfly, once again became popular on the Internet, becoming the most beautiful "inspirational sister" and becoming a warm sunshine in this winter.

　　"The network makes me feel the goodwill and respect of the society for the disabled."

　　When the reporter saw Yang Li, she was making up with her feet. "I learned to make up with my feet when I was in college. I felt very beautiful when I saw female students wearing eyebrows and lipstick." A slightly shy smile appeared on Yang Li’s delicate and quiet face.

　　After work at noon, Yang Li turned on the live broadcast software, chatted with her "old irons" and passed the lunch break. Now live broadcast has become Yang Li’s happiest time every day.

　　"Have you eaten", "I am now a clerk in a company", "I talked about an object, but his family didn’t agree, so I broke up" … … Yang Li greeted the "old irons" and answered everyone’s questions one by one.

　　In July this year, Yang Li saw her friend playing live broadcast software, so she recorded a video of her life and sent it online. Unexpectedly, this unintentional move has attracted the attention of many netizens. On the Internet, netizens called Yang Li "an angel with broken wings" and "an inspirational young lady", and praised Yang Li for her independent work and her optimistic attitude towards life.

　　"I can’t sing, I can’t sell cute, I can’t tell jokes, and the daily live content is how to do housework, eat and buy things." Yang Li said that she didn’t sign a network anchor and never asked for gifts. However, the complex network society still needs a strong heart, and some people have criticized her, saying that she uses her disability to beg. "I think this is a small number of people’s prejudice against the disabled. Normal people can broadcast daily life, so can we. These words can’t affect me."

　　Now, her number of fans has exceeded 2 million. "The vast majority of people have given me affirmation and encouragement, which has enabled me to gain a long-awaited sense of social identity and feel the respect and goodwill of the society for the disabled." Yang Li warms more and more people with her own stories.

　　"I want to compete with ordinary children and pursue my dreams."

　　At the age of four, fate played a big joke on Yang Li. While playing with her partner, her arms accidentally touched high voltage, and she was forced to amputate and lost her arms. At that time, young Yang Li didn’t realize what kind of future she would face.

　　在医院治疗期间，一次，妈妈离开病房有事，小杨莉自己挪到桌子边，用嘴够桌上的零食，结果零食没够到，却打翻了桌上一杯滚烫的水，腿上被烫掉一块皮。

　　从那时起，杨莉的妈妈就开始教她用脚吃饭、洗脸、刷牙、写字，做一切在别人眼里不可能完成的事情。刚开始练习时，饭不是送不进嘴就是戳到脸上，别人二十分钟就吃完饭了，她却要吃上两个小时，小小的杨莉开始变得急躁不安。妈妈却鼓励她，慢慢练习总会熟练起来。

　　“妈妈说，学会双脚做事就是要她学会自强，如果有一天生活需要我独自面对的时候，希望我能从容面对。”杨莉说。

　　到了上学的年纪，杨莉开始学习用脚写字。为了练习，小小的杨莉每天要成百上千次的练习弯曲脚趾，摸索如何把握脚趾的力度。因为用脚做事，冬天气温零下五六度也不能穿袜子，常常冻到脚趾僵硬抓不住笔，她的脚趾也早已变形。“别的小朋友下课写完课堂练习回家了，我还光着脚慢慢写，这是常有的事。他们走过我身边，还会挠挠我的脚心。”杨莉笑着说。

　　为了能弥补书写速度上的劣势，杨莉在学习上要求自己比别人更刻苦。“读书千百遍，下笔如有神。”杨莉说，只有熟练的掌握所有的知识，才能让她在考试答题时有更快的反应速度。

　　Yang Li is a veritable "schoolmaster". Because she can’t go out to play like other children, she chooses to keep company with books. At school during the day, Yang Li sat in front of the desk for more than ten hours. Because she wrote with her feet, her body focused on her ass, and her ass was worn out all the year round. Going home at night, in order to relieve her physical pain, she lies on the bed and reads books, turning pages with her mouth … …

　　From elementary school to high school, Yang Li has been in the top class of the school, and her grades have never fallen out of the top ten in her grade. Yang Li attracted media attention when she took the college entrance examination for the first time. "At that time, the school said to apply for a special examination room for me, but I refused." In Yang Li’s heart, she never regarded herself as a weak person in her study. "I want to compete with my classmates in the same examination room and pursue my dreams at the same time."

　　Because of the speed of the answer sheet, Yang Li only reached two lines in the first college entrance examination, and she chose to repeat. In 2007, she got into Anhui Agricultural University as she wished and chose her favorite Chinese language and literature major.

　　"I long for independence, and I will depend on myself in my future life."

　　When she first entered the university, Yang Li was like a frightened bird. "Walking on campus, I am afraid of seeing other people’s strange eyes and don’t know how to interact with my classmates." Gradually, Yang Li felt the friendliness of her classmates. Every time she changed the classroom, there were always classmates who helped her move the special desk to another classroom. During the break, she needed to go to the toilet, and there were also female classmates who helped to take care of her. The friendship between classmates made Yang Li off her inner guard.

　　In the days when she lost her arms, Yang Li became the shadow of her mother. Wherever her mother went, she had to follow her, because she could not do without her mother’s care. In order to take care of Yang Li, the school specially approved her mother to accompany her. In order to supplement the family, my mother secretly carried Yang Li to do odd jobs at school. "Since my accident, my mother quit her job and has been taking care of me at home for so many years. My father supports the whole family’s life alone. I don’t want to be a flower in the greenhouse, I long for independence. My parents are old, and my future life must depend on myself. " Yang Li said.

　　Today, Yang Li leaves her parents and lives alone in Bengbu. After graduation, she worked hard for an independent life, selling lottery tickets and working as a cashier in a supermarket. Three years ago, she found this job in a company. "I want to prove that I am valuable to this society." She said

　　"I hope to be an angel with broken wings and spread warmth" is Yang Li’s wish. As Yang Li’s story became popular on the Internet, many netizens said that "there should be more people like this in society".

　　"Sometimes when I walk on the road, I drop something and need a hand. There will always be good people offering help. I will share this with you and let more people see the positive energy of this society." Yang Li said.

　　"I like my name very much. I hope I am as strong as poplar, and I hope I am as quiet and gentle as jasmine." As a result of long-term work with her feet, Yang Li’s lumbar spine has been completely deformed. She wants to lay more economic foundation through her own ability, start her own business and open a physical store in the future, so that her future life will be more stable and independent.

As a German luxuryThe pioneer of SUVs, before Audi and BMW launched SUV models, Mercedes-Benz ML had been galloping for many years. Even though other luxury brands continued to introduce new models, the renamed GLE still stood tall, just like the slogan of the new GLE: strength can be interpreted calmly.

In fact, compared toThe name GLE, many older people have a deeper understanding of the name ML. Most people’s first impression of ML was that in the American blockbuster "Jurassic Park", the Mercedes-Benz ML escaped from danger with excellent "acting" and unstoppable off-road performance. Since then, ML has also left a deep impression in the hearts of many people. Its performance is powerful, wild and full of security.

　

In fact, the first generationML does live up to its reputation as wild, with standard off-road vehicle non-carrier bodies and low-speed four-wheel drive. However, as the competition between luxury brands intensifies, luxury, handling, sports, and technology have all become necessary labels for a luxury SUV. Saying goodbye to non-carrier vehicles and canceling low-speed four-wheel drive has also become a compromise towards maximum marketization.

After three generations of change, Mercedes-BenzGLE is still a competitive presence in the luxury SUV market, capable of satisfying the imagination of distinguished luxury SUV owners, regardless of face or lining.

Face is the foundation of all luxury, in addition to the value accumulated by the brand, under the premise of the convergence of quality at the same level, design largely affects consumers’ determination to pay for it.On the basis of strong sports modeling, GLE still continues the tough design style of the original ML. The eye-catching flash diamond gypsy front air intake grille design with the three-pronged star emblem is noble and luxurious; geometric multi-beam of light LED headlights, with 84 independently controlled LED light sources, the sense of technology is highlighted, and the overall shape creates a strong dynamic posture and a strong aura.

The side of the body is inherited from the original generationML’s hidden D-pillar design is still the most recognizable design element, interpreting the brand’s latest "sensual and pure" design language, and the reduced waist line makes the side more simple.

Luxury, technology, texture, and machinery are the first impressions brought to people when entering the car. Like the exterior design, the whole exudes a powerful aura. Straight doubleThe 12.3-inch high definition display screen has clear and intuitive functions, which strongly attracts the focus of attention. The neat trend arrangement and three-dimensional buttons create a strong mechanical feeling under the bright chrome coating. The scroll wheel control and touch button of the multi-function steering wheel perfectly integrate traditional mechanical control with the current popular touch experience. The larger head-up display system turns the windshield into a digital cockpit with a full sense of technology. You can see all the key information in daily driving, and drive calmly to your heart’s content. It is the basic treatment for GLE luxury owners every moment.

　

　

The GLE 450 4MATIC is equipped with an inline 6-cylinder 3.0T engine and a 48-volt intelligent motor light mixing system, which can recover energy during driving, assist in providing torque and power to electrical equipment at low speeds.

Driving on the highway.The maximum torque output of 500N · m is calm and passionate. Precise steering feel, combined with AIRMATIC air suspension system and adaptive shock absorption, brings the thrill of running water in any environment.

Without a doubt, there is little luxurySUV owners have an active demand for off-road driving, and we rarely see models like the GLE in the wilderness. However, due to the strong impression of the hardline genes of the original ML, we can’t wait to drive the GLE off the road to find out.

Without a doubtGLE’s comfort on general non-paved roads, in off-road mode, the raised suspension not only brings higher passability, but also the toughness of the suspension setting filters to fine bumps, providing clear road feedback.

For more direct detectionThe four-wheel drive capability of the GLE directly drove in front of a steep slope that we often used to evaluate hard-core off-road vehicles before, which is also a place where off-road enthusiasts often explore their passions. It is also a paradise for Prado, Tule, Pajero, and Little Cherokee to gallop. The steep slope is not long, with a drop of more than ten meters. The slope surface is sandy and gravel, and the adhesion is average, which is a big challenge for GLEs without AT tires.

Mercedes BenzThe core of the 4MATIC OurHours four-wheel drive system used by GLE is a multi-disc clutch. Although there is no differential locking function, the torque of the front and rear axles can be distributed in the range of 0% to 100% as needed, and the slip limit between the wheels is achieved by electronic braking. Although the reliability of long-term extreme off-roading needs to be verified, the actual performance is not expected. It starts smoothly from the slope, and the slight slippage caused by the loosening of the soil is successfully intervened by the electronic slip limit system at the moment it appears. Although there is no low-speed four-wheel drive, the 500N · m strong power reserve achieves a steady climb, which proves that GLE still has a certain off-roading gene that continues from ML.

This article is from "The More You Play Off-Road".

　　Should the taxi concession system be broken?

　　– Implications from the development of the US taxi control system

　　Authors: Xu Kangming, Su Kui

　　In the early 1970s, an anti-government control ideology arose in the United States, which is very similar to some domestic ideological trends today. It believes that government control "rarely does the right thing" and relying on market mechanisms "rarely does the wrong thing". As a model of a free economy, the government restricts the freedom of access to certain industries and does not allow market competition mechanisms to determine prices. The core guiding ideology of deregulation holds that government pricing and industry access systems will inevitably lead to waste of resources and inefficient services, and even belong to administrative monopolies. At the same time, it restricts the choice of service types and price systems for transportation service recipients. Even though some scholars originally suggested that it was the late 19th and early 20th centuries that market failures gave rise to government access and price controls on the transportation service industry, under the strong impetus of this trend of thought, the United States began to partially or fully deregulate many transportation service industries, involving most transportation modes such as aviation, road passenger and freight, rail transportation, and intercity passenger transportation. The taxi deregulation movement experiment was also launched in this wave of free economy.

　　First, the North American taxi deregulation test failed to meet expectations

　　The confluence of political forces out of dissatisfaction with traditional taxi services and "theorists" out of their adherence to the fundamentals of market economy forcibly promoted this deregulation action. In the urban taxi industry, a cycle from regulation to deregulation and back to regulation was dramatically performed. American cities have imposed access and price controls on the taxi industry since the 1920s. Half a century later, more than 20 cities, most of which are in the so-called sunshine zone, that is, cities with rapid economic development, have completely or partially lifted such controls. However, due to the unsatisfactory effect of deregulation, almost all of these cities have resumed access and price controls for the taxi industry.

　　Opponents of taxi regulation argue that the free market allocates resources most efficiently and offers taxi passengers the best mix of prices and services. Therefore, encouraging competition and innovative services is the main purpose of liberalizing taxi market access. Proponents argue that free market access promotes higher service quality and lower prices, and facilitates innovative services. This view was crucial to deregulating the taxi industry. In 1965-1983, 18 cities in the United States and Canada scrapped taxi access mechanisms in order to encourage competition and encourage innovation.

　　At that time, some scholars and experts did not agree that the taxi industry could adopt the principle of free market, believing that the many advantages of the taxi industry brought by relying on market forces would fail in an imperfect market environment, and regulation was a necessary means to correct the market failure. The main views of these scholars are: (1) Taxi is not a general commodity, taxi is a supplement to public transportation, and it is an important public service, especially for some cities with underdeveloped public transportation, and for some special groups (such as the elderly, the disabled, and outsiders) It is an irreplaceable basic service. ( 2) Passenger transportation is an extremely sensitive industry to safety, and regulation is conducive to the implementation of many measures to provide safe travel for passengers; (3) Regulation is conducive to fair and legal competition, such as some urban taxi markets are controlled by evil forces; (4) Regulation is conducive to the implementation of the cross-subsidy mechanism, and taxis under the control mechanism implement the same rate in the entire region to form a cross-subsidy mechanism, that is, peak income subsidizes flat peak, and high-density area income subsidizes low-density areas. If there is no such regulation, the service level of flat peak and low-density areas will decrease significantly, or even not be effectively served; (5) Asymmetric information leads to market failure, and regulation is to solve the information asymmetry existing in the taxi industry, which causes consumers to be disadvantaged; (6) Taxi is a random consumption It is difficult to survive the fittest through market forces. Regulation can reduce vicious competition. Free access will attract a large number of operators and individual operators to enter the market, ultimately leading to excessive supply of transportation capacity and affecting service quality.

　　When the rental control system was relaxed, the number of taxis in these cities in the United States and Canada was oversupplied, and the revenue per driver was greatly reduced after the oversupply. Some cities were unable to maintain minimum income requirements and updated vehicle requirements. Those cities with a relatively large proportion of roadside tenancy quickly resumed the control system in the mid-to-late 1980s. Some cities had more roadside tenancy stations. Due to the oversupply of taxis, the waiting time for taxis was too long, which not only reduced their income, but also affected the efficiency of taxi turnover. Another layer of pressure on the taxi surplus is the price. Drivers constantly demand price increases, pick passengers, refuse to take short trips, "detour", and reduce the quality of taxis. All kinds of bad habits are even more and more serious.

　　Fourteen cities, including Boston, Baltimore, Toronto, Montreal, Vancouver, and Seattle, regained their taxi number control systems, which basically ended the original 18 cities’ attempts to abandon the taxi number control system. Facts and actions once again confirmed the necessity of reasonable taxi control. The remaining cities that persisted for a period of time also partially reapplied the taxi control idea. And even though Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States, which claims not to carry out quantity control, has suffered from excessive quantity, although many attempts to refer to New York’s management of operating rights have failed to control the quantity, Washington has in fact not issued new cards since 2010. In 2014, it was once again proposed to control the current number by 2016, so as to actually implement the management of the number of taxis, but it is a more flexible control mechanism than New York.

　　The problem with taxi services is that they are not well regulated

　　The taxi quantity control system is an important measure to ensure the stable development of taxis based on the characteristics of taxi services. However, if the establishment of a dynamic coordination mechanism for quantity, service quality, price, and driver income is ignored in the implementation process, the taxi market is also prone to various criticisms. The specific manifestations are: (1) quantity shortage, if the adjustment time interval in the quantity adjustment mechanism is too long, taxis are prone to form a shortage of supply and eventually form a regional or peak period taxi hailing difficulties; (2) hindering adjustment, if the market price of taxi operating licenses is too high, it is easy to form interest groups, and interest groups often try to prevent or delay the adjustment of quantity, or try to reduce the number of new taxis; (3) regional differences, quantity control can easily cause taxi services to be concentrated in areas with high demand for taxis, such as downtown commercial Areas with high demand for taxi travel, such as districts, cultural and entertainment areas, and hotels, will have insufficient taxi supply to low-income areas and suburban areas; (4) It is not easy to adjust prices, and the control mechanism often makes it difficult to adjust taxi prices. The taxi price adjustment mechanism requires a hearing to adjust prices. City governments often postpone taxi price adjustments as much as possible. Cities often do not adjust taxi prices for a long time until the price contradiction intensifies before starting to adjust prices. (5) Labor conflicts. Taxi control mechanisms can cause labor conflicts between some drivers without taxi operating licenses and the owners of operating licenses, because these drivers must pay the fee for using the license. When the overall economic situation or taxi market demand is not ideal, economic disputes are prone to occur.

　　The current concession system implemented by "cruise taxis" in China. In 2002, the Ministry of Construction’s "Opinions on Accelerating the Market Process of Municipal Public Utilities" defined the municipal public utilities concession system as "in the municipal public utilities industry, the government grants enterprises the right to operate a certain municipal public product or service within a certain period of time and scope, that is, the concession right." Under what circumstances can the government implement concessions to a municipal public utilities industry? The answer is simple. It must be conducive to the realization of public interests and prevent operators from obtaining the privilege of monopolizing profits. The characteristics of taxi services are that individual citizens and outsiders have very weak service quality monitoring and bargaining power, while taxis are necessary and encouraged to develop travel tools. At the same time, by setting prices, the characteristics of weak bargaining power of individual consumers can be avoided. Whether the service characteristics of taxis are corporate operations or individual carriers, in the end, each rental service demand needs to be completed independently by a practitioner, and the demand is 24/7, regardless of frost, rain, day and night, the demand will exist, and the income of taxi practitioners must be guaranteed before someone is willing to provide services around the clock. Under the premise of taxi price limitation, in order to ensure that taxi practitioners and taxi operators have reasonable income and profits, a reasonable total control must be implemented on the number of taxis in a designated service area.

　　As mentioned above, after the taxi market adopts concessions, if the lack of dynamic quantity control mechanism will cause the contradiction of taxi difficulty, if the lack of dynamic price control mechanism, it will cause the contradiction between taxi driver income and labor, if the lack of service quality control will cause the taxi service level is low. The current domestic taxi market has many problems and needs to be improved and improved, but it is undeniable that in the context of inflation in the past ten years, taxi prices have remained low for a long time (some cities have not even adjusted prices for 18 years), and many governments have hardly dared to get involved in taxi price adjustment. In recent years, due to factors such as oil prices, labor costs, traffic congestion, and labor conflicts, taxi prices have had to be adjusted in small strides. Taxi as a public service has basically maintained a stable, low-cost, and reliable transportation service. This is due to the hard work of employees and the government’s price control. Some current reports and commentaries demonize the taxi industry, arguing that it is unfair and rational to break the taxi concession system, and ignoring the valuable experience gained from international reform practices.

　　III. The Internet promotes the further improvement of taxi control

　　Finally, looking at the current regulatory status of taxi concessions in the United States, after the Internet companies Uber and Lyft launched Internet rental services and profitable ride-sharing platforms, has the United States called for and is breaking the taxi concession mechanism? The answer is no! Although all parts of the United States are setting various conditions through legislation to regulate Internet taxi-hailing software companies to engage in Internet rental services for cruise taxis and rental taxis, as well as gradually standardizing profitable ride-sharing platforms that are in conflict with traditional taxi operations, the United States has not called for breaking the taxi concession mechanism. Of course, many cities have also reviewed the impact of the Internet on traditional taxis when formulating Internet rental control regulations, and optimized the control system (such as requiring drivers to use taxi-hailing software compulsively, improving the price mechanism, reducing license fees, etc.). Uber Uber has expanded to more than 250 cities around the world under the impetus of capital forces, and these cities have not proposed to break the taxi concession mechanism. And some cities that were not regulated in the past are still joining the ranks of regulation.

　　At the moment when the characteristics of taxi services have not fundamentally changed, a taxi concession mechanism is necessary. In the Internet age, especially when taxi-hailing software companies have absolutely occupied the online leasing market under the impetus of capital power, whether a taxi concession mechanism is still necessary, the answer is necessary. This is the guarantee mechanism to maintain that citizens can continue to enjoy low-priced, stable and fair passenger transportation services. However, the right to operate a taxi under the concession mechanism should not become a hotbed of rights and capital rent-seeking, and the right to operate a taxi should not be alienated into an investment asset and usurp monopoly income. This needs to be reformed and improved. In addition, to alleviate the problems of difficulty in taxi hailing, poor service, and single form, it is necessary to improve the control mechanism, rationally locate the function of taxis, dynamically evaluate the number and price of taxis, increase the number of cruising taxis in a timely manner, and vigorously develop legal rental and ride-sharing. The impact on the Internet should also be continuously observed. Only changes in the service characteristics of taxis can determine the reform of the control method. The sticks of the media, experts, and misguided citizens are in the wrong place. (Xu Kangming, Su Kui)

　　

According to Omdia’s prediction, the global market size of robot artificial intelligence chipset will reach 866 million US dollars, which will contribute to the popularization of GenAI in the robot field.

　　

Omdia pointed out that since Google introduced the transformer RT-1 for robot applications in 2022, many companies have been vigorously promoting the wide application of GenAI in robots. In addition to Google, companies such as Meta, OpenAI and Toyota are trying out or testing various basic models in their robot applications. China service robot suppliers such as CloudMinds and OrionStar have successfully developed their own basic models, and plan to integrate these models with client software systems.

　　

However, GenAI is a resource-intensive technology. In most industries, GenAI is usually deployed in the cloud because the model needs large-scale GPU clusters for training and reasoning. On the contrary, robots prefer local processing, because the tasks and business-critical applications they participate in usually give priority to real-time control and ultra-low delay response.

　　

Su Lianjie, chief analyst of Omdia application intelligence, commented: "Although NVIDIA’s GPU is still the preferred artificial intelligence chipset architecture for cloud infrastructure and robots, non-GPU vendors such as Qualcomm, Intel and AMD have launched artificial intelligence system on a chip (SoC) or dedicated artificial intelligence chipsets for device-side robot applications such as machine vision, navigation and mapping, and functional safety."

　　

Encouragingly, the wide application of GenAI has also promoted the popularity of humanoid robots. Humanoid robot is the closest robot to human form, so many robotics experts believe that its combination with humanoid GenAI will be a natural fit. In this upsurge, companies such as Agility Robotics, Boston Dynamics, Figure, Tesla, Fourier Intelligent, Tatsu and Ubisoft have launched various humanoid robots for industrial and service fields. However, the technology is still in its infancy, and it is impossible to popularize it on a large scale in the next five years. Automated Guided Vehicle (AGV) and Autonomous Mobile Robot (AMR) are still mature application forms of GenAI.

　　

Su Lianjie concluded: "The industry should not focus on hype, but should concentrate on consolidating the data and technical foundation. For robot suppliers, they need to expand the function of low-power GenAI in robots through various model optimization techniques, emphasize real-time control and performance, and be better at taking advantage of the integration of computing and connection. For robot users, the development of GenAI models in specific fields and strict examination of ethics, security, safety and performance will greatly promote the popularization of robots adopting GenAI. "

　　(Editor: Song Zheng HN002)

　　Zhongxin Jingwei Client September 5 th (Dong Xiangyi) The lottery fund account book is related to the rights and interests of lottery players and public welfare undertakings, so the annual lottery sales situation has attracted everyone’s attention. According to data released by the Ministry of Finance a few days ago, in 2018, 51,147,173 yuan of lottery tickets were issued and sold nationwide. The overdue prize money was 2,512.77 million yuan, among which, Hunan, Guangdong and Jiangsu ranked the top three in the country. The topic of "more than 2.5 billion bonuses overdue in 2018" has also sparked heated discussions on the Internet. Netizens are also very curious about how this huge bonus will be disposed of.

　　Data Map: Photo by Xin Jingwei Dong Xiangyi in the website of China Welfare Lottery Issuance Management Center

　　The national lottery abandoned more than 2.5 billion, and Hunan, Guangdong and Jiangsu were among the top three.

　　Lottery refers to the certificate issued by the state in order to raise social welfare funds and promote the development of social welfare undertakings, sold according to law, purchased by natural persons voluntarily, and obtained the chance of winning the prize according to specific rules.

　　Lottery funds are divided into three categories: lottery bonus, lottery issuance fee and lottery public welfare fund. Lottery bonuses are used to pay lottery winners; Lottery issuance expenses are used to pay the business expenses of lottery institutions and the sales expenses of consignment agents; The lottery public welfare fund shall be turned over to the state for social welfare undertakings.

　　According to data from the Ministry of Finance, in 2018, 511,471.73 million yuan of lottery tickets were issued and sold nationwide. The overdue prize money was 2,512.77 million yuan, and in 2018, a total of 133,874.98 million yuan of lottery public welfare funds were raised.

　　The Zhongxin Jingwei client combed and found that from the ranking of abandonment prizes in 31 provinces in 2018, Hunan was the region with the most abandonment prizes, reaching 760 million yuan; Guangdong and Jiangsu ranked second and third, with 175 million yuan and 142 million yuan respectively. In addition, there are six provinces, including Shandong, that give up prizes of more than 100 million yuan, including 135 million yuan in Shandong, 129 million yuan in Zhejiang and 125 million yuan in Yunnan.

　　Source: Announcement of the Ministry of Finance

　　In 2018, the province with the least lottery abandonment prize was Qinghai, which was 8.01 million yuan. Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai and Chongqing gave up prizes of 70.56 million yuan, 25.2 million yuan, 43.68 million yuan and 32.57 million yuan respectively last year.

　　It is worth noting that according to the data previously disclosed by the Ministry of Finance, in 2017, the national overdue prize money was 1,700.17 million yuan. In 2018, this figure increased by 47.8% year-on-year.

　　Netizen: No, you can give it to me.

　　There is also a lot of discussion on the Internet about the abandonment of the lottery in 2018. Some netizens ridiculed: "Why do you want to give up and send it to me?" Others said, "I was so scared that I quickly looked at the only lottery ticket I bought."

　　A netizen recalled, "In June this year, there was an acquaintance here who lost more than 8 million people. Now everyone we know knows about it. We bought a villa and changed cars. In recent days, someone has always mentioned him from time to time. I am also sour, so I don’t have to drink water every day, and I have enough saliva."

　　User comments screenshot

　　@l Riding a pig for a ride L: Why did you win the lottery ticket? You can give it to me if you don’t want it.

　　@ Huiwenhuang and Li Kele: Hunan Spicy Moduo abandoned the prize, which may be related to the lottery ticket I lost.

　　@ A box of scented tea: 2.5 billion, enough for me to spend several lifetimes.

　　@ Qikelu: Trying to trick me into buying lottery tickets again.

　　@ 京京京京: Yes … … Still not? I bought it once last year, but I don’t know if it won, and I forgot to look at it … … … … Gee, I may be one step away from the rich.

　　@ 京京京京: Pay attention to vertigo. Tick "five times" and vertigo becomes "five periods". If you don’t win in the current period, the lottery ticket will be lost.

　　User comments screenshot

　　Some netizens believe that "it is normal to abandon the prize. Some lottery players are too casual when buying lottery tickets. They don’t remember to check the lottery number. Some people don’t know where to throw the lottery ticket after buying it. Many grand prizes have missed the effective time to receive the prize. People like me who dream of winning the prize will not abandon the prize. "

　　In fact, everyone is generally concerned about how this huge abandonment bonus of 2.5 billion yuan will be "digested". It is understood that Article 57 of the Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Lottery Management Regulations stipulates that the bonuses that have not been redeemed within the time limit shall be included in the lottery public welfare fund, and shall be settled and collected by the lottery sales organization and turned over to the provincial finance, all of which shall be reserved for local use. In other words, the 2.5 billion yuan lottery discard bonus will be disposed of and distributed by local financial departments.

　　What are the rules for lottery redemption?

　　I believe that many lottery players don’t want to regret giving up the prize because they missed the redemption period. What should we pay attention to about lottery redemption? According to the regulations of China Welfare Lottery Issuance Management Center, after the implementation of the Regulations on Lottery Management, the deadline for redemption will be extended to 60 natural days after the lottery.

　　Redemption period

　　Lottery winners should redeem their prizes within 60 natural days from the date of drawing. On the last day of the redemption period, if there is a national legal holiday or the lottery market is closed, it will be postponed to the first working day after the legal holiday or the lottery market is closed. Such regulations protect the interests of lottery players and winners, and are more humane.

　　Redemption place

　　The regulations of lottery agencies around the country on the redemption location are not completely consistent. The specific redemption location can be found in local lottery agencies or lottery sales outlets.

　　Protection of winners

　　In the impression of ordinary people, lottery winners are generally armed to the teeth, with no shortage of hats, glasses and masks, and some even wear wigs. After the promulgation of the Regulations on Lottery Management, it is clear that lottery issuers, lottery sales organizations, lottery agents and other personnel who know the personal information of lottery winners because of their positions or business convenience will protect the personal information of lottery winners. In the face of media interviews, winners who refuse to be interviewed or ask for makeup before being interviewed should follow the winners’ personal wishes. At the same time, lottery agencies also take the initiative to protect the personal information of the winners during publicity or interviews. Without the consent of the winners themselves, the personal information of the winners may not be released.

　　Donations should be voluntary.

　　Many grand prize winners, in order to express their feelings of "benefiting from public welfare and giving back to public welfare", can donate some winning prizes to repay the society and continue to support social welfare undertakings. However, this donation behavior should be based on the personal wishes of the winners. The Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations on Lottery Management clearly stipulates that lottery issuers, lottery sales organizations, lottery agents and other staff members shall not ask lottery winners to donate winning prizes for any reason and in any way against their own wishes.

　　It must be paid in RMB.

　　The Detailed Rules for the Implementation of the Regulations on Lottery Management stipulates that the winning prize of lottery tickets shall not be paid in currencies other than RMB, in kind or in multiple installments. In the consignment contract signed with the consignment agent, it is also required not to sell lottery tickets or win prizes to minors.

　　On the morning of October 13th, 2014, in Shanxi Welfare Lottery Distribution Center, the third prize winner in the history of China lottery mysteriously appeared in cartoon costume to win the prize, which attracted many media to interview. The prize money is as high as 520 million, which is the third prize in China lottery history. China News Agency issued Wei Liang photo

　　The lottery market grew steadily.

　　Since the welfare lottery was first issued in 1987, China’s lottery market has maintained steady growth. Statistics show that in 1987, China’s welfare lottery sold 17 million yuan in the first year, and by 2018, the national lottery sales exceeded 500 billion yuan.

　　According to data from the Ministry of Finance, in 2018, a total of 511.472 billion yuan of lottery tickets were sold nationwide, a year-on-year increase of 19.9%. Among them, the sales of welfare lottery institutions was 224.556 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 3.5%; The sales of sports lottery institutions reached 286.916 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 36.8%. According to the statistics of Chuancai Securities, from 1987 to 2018, the annual growth rate of national lottery sales reached 39.4%.

　　Source: Chuancai Securities Research Report

　　In addition, in the past decade, despite the negative growth of lottery sales in 2015 due to the influence of Internet issuance supervision, the annual growth rate of national lottery sales still reached 17.0%.

　　In terms of lottery types, the sales of welfare lottery in China’s lottery market has been relatively high for a long time, but in recent years, with the good performance of sports lottery, the proportion of the two is gradually approaching. Especially in the past three years (2016-2018), the growth rate of sports lottery was significantly higher than that of welfare lottery, which made the proportion of sports lottery in total lottery sales increase from 48% to 56%.

　　In terms of specific color types, lottery digital lottery is the most important lottery variety in China’s lottery market, and its proportion in total sales remains at 50%-65%; At the same time, quiz lottery has continued to grow in recent years.

　　According to the insiders, the contribution of China lottery industry to society is not only reflected in the public welfare fund, but also plays an important role in fiscal revenue, labor employment, and promoting the development of related industries.

　　However, some experts believe that there are still some problems in the lottery industry, such as the market development can not fully meet the demand, the management level and standardization need to be improved, and the research ability and personnel training are lacking. It is suggested that the demand of the public should be better met from the perspective of supply, and new technologies and channels should be paid attention to and considered for application in order to promote the healthy development of the industry.

　　In the future, as China’s lottery industry further clarifies government management functions, improves market operation norms, and strengthens the supervision of industry access qualifications, the lottery industry is expected to achieve sustainable development. (Zhongxin Jingwei APP)

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