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　　Collecting environmental protection tax is not only conducive to achieving the emission reduction target of key pollutants, but also can promote the optimization of economic structure and the transformation of development mode, and enrich the government’s means for environmental governance and protection.

　　□ Legal Daily reporter Cai Yanhong

　　Recently, the reporter learned from State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China that since the implementation of the Environmental Protection Tax Law on January 1, 2018, the introduction of environmental protection tax has effectively played the role of the reverse constraint and positive incentive mechanism of enterprises’ "multiple rows and multiple payments, less rows and less payments, no rows and no payments" and promoted green development. At present, China has established an ecological tax system with environmental protection tax as the main body, resource tax and farmland occupation tax as the focus, supplemented by travel tax, vehicle purchase tax, value-added tax, consumption tax and enterprise income tax, covering eight taxes in five major links of resource exploitation, production, circulation, consumption and emission.

　　Two-way adjustment promotes enterprise transformation and upgrading

　　The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly stated that we must establish and practice the concept of "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets", adhere to the basic national policy of resource conservation and environmental protection, promote green development and build a beautiful China. The national tax system conscientiously implements the thought of the Supreme Leader General Secretary on ecological civilization, gives full play to the function of taxation, builds an ecological tax system, and helps win the battle against pollution.

　　The relevant person in charge of the Property and Behavior Tax Department of State Taxation Administration of The People’s Republic of China said that since the introduction of environmental protection tax, tax authorities at all levels have continuously increased cooperation with departments of ecological environment, finance and industrial information, and established a collection and management mechanism of "tax collection and management, enterprise declaration, environmental protection monitoring, information sharing and cooperation". At the same time, tax authorities at all levels have established tax payment services and problem collection and handling mechanisms, strengthened policy guidance for taxpayers, established a problem collection and feedback mechanism from the bottom up, and timely optimized the third-phase golden tax collection and management system, which has improved the convenience for taxpayers to enjoy preferential treatment.

　　The introduction of environmental protection tax forces enterprises to carry out energy-saving and pollution-reducing technological transformation and take the road of ecological priority and green development. Hubei Dean Fu Sugar Co., Ltd. is an enterprise engaged in the manufacture of food and feed additives, and its emissions are mainly sewage. Zhou Mingzhao, the person in charge of this company, said frankly that the more sewage is discharged, the more environmental protection tax will be paid. In August this year, the company plans to invest a large amount of special funds for the upgrading of production technology and the transformation of sewage discharge.

　　As a green tax, the positive incentive effect of environmental tax is also very obvious. After the management of Huangshan Shenjian New Materials Co., Ltd. carefully studied the relevant provisions of environmental protection tax, it immediately carried out technical transformation on the production equipment. Sun Youqiong, the financial controller of this company, said that in the first half of 2019, the environmental protection tax paid by the company was less than 4 million yuan compared with the second half of last year, but the production capacity increased by 50% year-on-year.

　　Under the positive guidance and reverse reversal of environmental protection tax, enterprises have taken advantage of the trend, from passive emission reduction to active environmental protection, not only enjoying more dividends from tax reform, but also promoting transformation and upgrading. Huzhou Xiexin Environmental Thermal Power Co., Ltd. in Zhejiang Province is one of the typical examples. As a thermal power plant, this company has successively invested nearly 2 million yuan to implement environmental protection relocation and technical transformation. "Increased investment in environmental protection is not only reflected in the reduction of tax burden, but also in stronger core competitiveness. This year, the company’s sales revenue is expected to increase by nearly 8% year-on-year." Wu Lijun, the company’s financial director, said with deep understanding.

　　Finance and taxation experts believe that the collection of environmental taxes is not only conducive to achieving the emission reduction targets of key pollutants, but also can promote the optimization of economic structure and the transformation of development mode, and enrich the government’s means for environmental governance and protection.

　　Reducing taxes and fees to help green development

　　In order to further promote high-quality economic development, the state has successively introduced a series of preferential tax policies. Nowadays, China has established an ecological tax system with environmental protection tax as the main body, resource tax and farmland occupation tax as the focus, supplemented by travel tax, vehicle purchase tax, value-added tax, consumption tax and enterprise income tax, covering eight taxes in five major links of resource exploitation, production, circulation, consumption and emission.　　

　　On the basis of promoting the development of the real economy and stimulating the vitality of the market, local tax authorities have implemented tax reduction and fee reduction policies to help enterprises adjust and optimize their industrial structure and take a "new path" of green development.

　　In Inner Mongolia Guangna Coal Industry Group, located in Etuoke Economic Development Zone, Ordos City, the scene of "wolf smoke everywhere" is no longer seen. The mined coal is piled up in a coal shed, and spray water trucks shuttle back and forth in the factory area to eliminate the coal dust raised during operation. "The Group has formulated a five-year plan for green development, focusing on controlling the dust problem caused by open-pit mining. We have invested a total of 1. 200 million yuan. " Xiao Fei, general manager of Guangna Group, said.

　　According to Wang Quancai, chairman of Guangna Group, the company has invested a lot of money in building a "green mine", and the tax reduction and fee reduction policy has eased the financial pressure for enterprises and enhanced the confidence of enterprises to invest. This year, the value-added tax rate will be reduced from 16% to 13%, which will reduce the tax for enterprises by about 38 million yuan.

　　In April this year, the State Administration of Taxation, together with the Ministry of Finance, the Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Ecology and Environment, jointly issued the Announcement on Income Tax Policies for Third-Party Enterprises Engaged in Pollution Prevention and Control, collecting enterprise income tax at a reduced rate of 15% for qualified third-party enterprises engaged in pollution prevention and control, encouraging relevant enterprises to increase investment and enhance the effectiveness of pollution prevention and control.

　　Traditional high-energy enterprises have also ushered in a green transformation in this tax reduction and fee reduction.

　　It is understood that Nanjing Turbine Motor (Group) Co., Ltd. is gradually transforming from coal-fired power and thermal power fields to clean and efficient energy fields such as natural gas. "In the critical period of enterprise transformation, the various tax reduction and fee reduction measures introduced by the state have undoubtedly given us great support and encouragement!" Shen Qun, the person in charge of the company, pointed out that the reduction of the value-added tax rate and the new policy of "six taxes and two fees" this year have given real tax benefits to enterprises, enabling them to increase investment in research and development of core components and environmental protection equipment. At present, the proportion of coal consumed in the production of steam turbines is decreasing.

　　Also benefiting is the field of public transportation. The "People’s Republic of China (PRC) Vehicle Purchase Tax Law", which was formally implemented on July 1st this year, has written into the law the policy of exempting bus and tram vehicles purchased by urban public transport enterprises from vehicle purchase tax, which fully reflects the state’s great attention to the development of public transport and people’s livelihood.

　　"The development of public transport is related to major strategies such as national environmental protection and air pollution control. After the implementation of the vehicle purchase tax law, we not only enjoy the relevant tax exemption policies, but also enjoy a number of policy support in the consumption tax, vehicle and vessel tax and financial subsidies for the purchase of new energy vehicles. Only 300 electric buses in place this year can reduce taxes by more than 30 million yuan, and the company’s confidence in development has doubled. " Zhao Rongjun, head of the pure electric bus of Korla Public Transport Co., Ltd. in Xinjiang, said with emotion.

　　Ensure that the tax service has no dead ends.

　　In recent years, local tax authorities have actively promoted the establishment and improvement of a cooperative mechanism for environmental tax collection and management, set up a declaration counseling team, set up a special window for environmental tax declaration and a special post for consulting services, and adopted various forms such as centralized training, on-site counseling, and simulated declaration to ensure that tax payment services have no dead ends.

　　In this regard, Huang Yali, the financial director of Xiamen Special Housing Construction Engineering Group Co., Ltd., was deeply touched. In view of the fact that there are many projects under construction in the company, and the financial personnel know little about how to declare the environmental protection tax on construction dust, Xiamen Municipal Taxation Bureau sent a special person to guide the tax calculation and online declaration. "This ‘ Point-to-point ’ The service makes us feel very warm, and it also gives us more energy to invest in environmental protection and reduce the concentration of building dust emissions. " Huang Yali said.

　　How to make things faster and service experience better? Hubei Provincial Taxation Bureau went deep into the enterprise to understand the situation, established a data analysis model according to the list of questions, and carried out "one-on-one" accurate counseling to ensure that every environmental tax taxpayer knew the policy, could calculate and declare, which effectively improved the tax compliance.

　　"The tax bureau hands-on teaching and practical help, guiding enterprises to calculate both economic accounts and environmental accounts, helping everyone master the environmental tax policy and enabling enterprises to enjoy the reform dividend." Wang Xianqi, deputy commander of the construction headquarters of Macheng Stone Economic Circular Industrial Park in Hubei Province, said that with the advice and suggestions of the tax authorities, this park has introduced a production line with an annual capacity of 1 million tons of tailings, and then started to introduce a production line with a capacity of 2 million tons, so that the tailings treatment problem of enterprises in the park will be solved.

　　Tight funds and insufficient R&D efforts are difficult problems faced by many small and medium-sized enterprises in green transformation and development. Anhui Shanfu New Materials Science and Technology Co., Ltd. is very short of funds after the overall relocation of the enterprise. When the tax department was informed, combined with its tax credit record, it helped the enterprise to apply for a "tax financing" loan of 10 million yuan in less than a week.

　　"In recent years, in the process of enterprise transformation and development, the precise guidance of the tax department has solved our urgent needs!" Bao Xiuqun, chairman of Shanfu New Materials, said that the taxation department of Huangshan City intervened in advance, provided services on demand, encouraged enterprises to introduce special equipment for energy conservation and emission reduction, and helped more market players to start early and run fast in the green "competition" of transformation and upgrading.

　　While setting the grand goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China clearly put forward the strategic plan of comprehensively deepening reform. In November 2013, the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee adopted the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China on Several Major Issues of Comprehensively Deepening Reform, which officially kicked off the curtain of comprehensively deepening reform. The Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee successively put forward a series of important reform measures around comprehensively governing the country according to law, implementing the new development concept, building a well-off society in an all-round way, and strictly administering the party in an all-round way. The overall goal of the reform is clear, the content is comprehensive and systematic, and the intensity and influence are unprecedented. The 19th National Congress of the Communist Party of China systematically expounded the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought and basic strategy in the new era, and accordingly put forward new tasks and requirements for reform and opening up in the new era.

　　In order to strengthen the centralized and unified leadership of comprehensive deepening reform, after the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, the Central Committee quickly set up a leading group for comprehensive deepening reform, which was responsible for the overall design, overall coordination, overall promotion and supervision and implementation of the reform. This is the first time that our party has set up a decision-making and deliberation coordination body specializing in reform work at the level of the CPC Central Committee. Various regions and departments have also established a reform promotion mechanism under the leadership of the party. The Third Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee decided to change the central leading group for comprehensive deepening reform into a committee around improving the party’s leadership system and mechanism for major work. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader personally led the reform work, held regular meetings of leading groups (committees), unified ideological understanding, planned overall deployment, reviewed major reform plans, analyzed the reform situation, and promoted the implementation of the reform, which provided the most powerful leadership guarantee for comprehensively deepening the reform.

　　Up to now, the Central Leading Group (Committee) for Comprehensively Deepening Reform has held 45 meetings and introduced and implemented a large number of major reform measures. Of the 336 major reform measures proposed by the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee, more than 95% have been implemented. The reform tasks deployed by the Fourth, Fifth and Sixth Plenary Sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee and the 19th National Congress are also progressing solidly as planned, with comprehensive efforts, multiple breakthroughs and in-depth reforms, and the main framework of reform in major areas has been basically established. In the field of economic construction, around making the market play a decisive role in the allocation of resources and giving better play to the role of the government, the overall promotion of reform, key breakthroughs, and the role of stimulating development momentum and innovation vitality have gradually emerged, and the socialist market economic system has been continuously improved. In the field of political construction, around the organic unity of upholding the leadership of the party, the people being the masters of the country and governing the country according to law, the reform of democracy and legal system has been steadily advanced, and new progress has been made in the construction of socialist democratic politics. In the field of cultural construction, around cultivating and promoting socialist core values and building a socialist cultural power, the reform of the cultural system has been further promoted, and the innovation and creativity of advanced socialist culture have been further released. In the field of social construction, focusing on better safeguarding and improving people’s livelihood and promoting social fairness and justice, we actively promoted reforms in the areas of people’s livelihood, such as poverty alleviation, education, employment, medical care, old-age care, and social security, and the people’s sense of gain, happiness, and security continued to increase. In the field of ecological civilization construction, the reform of ecological civilization system has been accelerated around the construction of beautiful China.生态环境保护和自然资源管理制度框架基本形成。在党的建设领域，党的建设制度改革协调推进，深化纪检监察体制改革，反腐败斗争形成压倒性态势，全面从严治党逐步实现制度化、规范化。在国防和军队建设领域，大刀阔斧的重塑性改革推动强军战略实现历史性突破。全面深化改革迎风破浪、大刀阔斧、攻坚克难，解决了许多长期想解决而没有解决的难题，办成了许多过去想办而没有办成的大事，推动党和国家事业发生历史性变革、取得历史性成就，改革成为中国共产党鲜明旗帜和当代中国时代特征。

　　全面深化改革所走过的非凡历程开创了我们党几代领导集体不忘初心、接续奋斗、攻坚克难、不断创新的新篇章、新境界，所取得的巨大成就再次雄辩地证明，改革开放是党和人民大踏步赶上时代的重要法宝，是坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的必由之路，是决定当代中国命运的关键一招，也是决定实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的关键一招。党中央关于全面深化改革的战略部署是完全正确的，改革目标任务的设定和实施方略是符合实际的，全面深化改革的领导体制和工作机制是坚强有力的。

　　The fruitful achievements of comprehensively deepening reform are the organic unity of theoretical achievements, practical achievements and institutional achievements. Every new breakthrough in the theory and practice of reform and opening up is the victory of the party’s ideological line. With the profound insight, keen judgment and strategic determination of Marxist politicians and theorists, General Secretary of the Supreme Leader, on the basis of scientifically summing up historical experience, based on the new practice of reform and opening up, and using the methods of dialectical materialism and historical materialism, creatively put forward a series of new ideas, new concepts and new viewpoints of reform and opening up, which further enriched Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era. For example, the nine "musts" summarized by the General Secretary of the Supreme Leader in his important speech celebrating the 40th anniversary of reform and opening up on December 18th: we must uphold the Party’s leadership over all work and constantly strengthen and improve the Party’s leadership; We must persist in taking the people as the center and constantly realize the people’s yearning for a better life; We must adhere to the guiding position of Marxism and constantly promote theoretical innovation on the basis of practice; We must adhere to the road of Socialism with Chinese characteristics and constantly adhere to and develop Socialism with Chinese characteristics; We must persist in perfecting and developing Socialism with Chinese characteristics’s system and constantly give play to and enhance China’s institutional advantages; We must adhere to development as the top priority and constantly enhance China’s comprehensive national strength; We must persist in opening wider to the outside world and constantly promote the building of a community of human destiny; We must adhere to the strict administration of the party in an all-round way and constantly improve the party’s creativity, cohesion and combat effectiveness; We must adhere to the world outlook and methodology of dialectical materialism and historical materialism,Correctly handle the relationship between reform, development and stability. This is an important guiding ideology that we should deeply understand and adhere to for a long time.

　　Looking back, the course of reform is magnificent; Looking ahead, the road to reform has a long way to go. General Secretary of the Supreme Leader proposed that we should pay attention to summing up the achievements and experiences of 40 years of reform and opening up from a historical, overall and strategic perspective, and highlight the times, ideology and practicality. Standing at a new and higher starting point, under the guidance of the Supreme Leader’s Socialism with Chinese characteristics Thought in the new era, let us continue to hold high the banner of reform and opening up, sum up reform experience, deepen the theory of innovation and reform, spread the voice of reform, emancipate our minds, deepen reform, and work hard to push forward the great cause of Socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.

　　(The author is the deputy director of the Central Reform Office in charge of daily work)

　　On April 17th, last week, two important economic figures in the United States, CPI and PPI, showed that inflation was continuing to cool down, which boosted market sentiment, and US stocks recorded cumulative gains throughout the week. However, Friday’s retail sales data fell more than expected, indicating that the momentum of US economic growth has weakened, and the market is evaluating the risk of recession trading. And the next earnings season will also bring more tests to investors.

　　Some analysts pointed out that the biggest factor affecting the US stock market in the coming week will be corporate earnings, which is particularly important considering the possibility of profit recession. However, judging from several banking stocks that took the lead last week, the performance has so far exceeded expectations.

　　In addition, the market is still concerned about whether the Federal Reserve will raise interest rates in May. Judging from the current market pricing, the final increase is a foregone conclusion. According to CME’s "Fed Watch", the probability of the Fed keeping interest rates unchanged in May is 21.5%, and the probability of raising interest rates by 25 basis points is 78.5%. The probability of maintaining interest rates at the current level by June is 15.8%, the probability of raising interest rates by 25 basis points is 63.4%, the probability of raising interest rates by 50 basis points is 20.8%, and the probability of lowering interest rates by 25 basis points is 0%.

　　However, it is worth noting that there are continuous differences within the Fed. The directors believe that the effect of controlling inflation is minimal and it is necessary to continue to raise interest rates, while the chairman of the Chicago Fed calls for not being too radical. This shows that after the aggressive interest rate hike, officials are also concerned about inflation and economic prospects in the United States.

　　In terms of weekend news, US President Biden said on Friday that he has decided to run for re-election and will officially announce his campaign "soon". This means that it is possible that Biden will face Trump again next year.

　　G7 emphasizes the commitment to accelerate the phase-out of unreduced fossil fuels, and to achieve net zero emissions in the energy system by 2050 at the latest. The seven countries agreed on a $4 billion action plan for key minerals (down from the planned $7.5 billion).

　　On the enterprise side, Musk established an artificial intelligence (AI) company named X.AI in Nevada, USA, aiming to compete with Open AI, the development company of ChatGPT. Under the wave of AI, the technology madman is naturally unwilling to lag behind. The front foot is still criticizing ChatGPT, and the back foot has purchased 10,000 GPUs.

　　According to informed sources, Musk is forming a team of AI researchers and engineers. He also discussed the issue of investing in this new company with some investors from Tesla and SpaceX. These investors are very excited about this. Earlier this year, in response to the rapid development of Open AI, Musk began to explore the idea of setting up a company to compete with it.

　　[Market Review]

　　Last week, the S&P 500 rose 0.79%, the Nasdaq Composite Index rose 0.29% and the Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 1.2%.

　　[One-week preview]

　　[Weekend Highlights]

　　Biden: I have decided to run for re-election and will officially announce it "soon"

　　According to CCTV news, last Friday, local time, US President Biden said that he had decided to run for re-election in the 2024 US presidential election and would announce his campaign as soon as possible.

　　US President Joe Biden said on Friday that he has decided to run for re-election and will officially announce his campaign "soon". "We will announce it relatively quickly. This trip to Ireland has made me more optimistic about what I can do, "Biden told reporters at the end of his trip to Ireland. "As I said, my plan is to run again."

　　It is reported that Biden’s close assistants and allies have privately launched actions to establish relevant deployment and fundraising mechanisms for the 2024 election campaign.

　　Sword finger ChatGPT Musk set up an artificial intelligence company to compete with Open AI.

　　It is reported that Musk established an artificial intelligence (AI) company named X.AI in Nevada, USA, aiming to compete with Open AI, the development company of ChatGPT.

　　According to informed sources, Musk is forming a team of AI researchers and engineers. He also discussed the issue of investing in this new company with some investors from Tesla and SpaceX. These investors are very excited about this. Earlier this year, in response to the rapid development of Open AI, Musk began to explore the idea of setting up a company to compete with it. For this new project, Musk has obtained thousands of high-performance GPU processors from NVIDIA.

　　OpenAI CEO: the scale of large language model is close to the limit, not the bigger the better.

　　Sam Altman, co-founder and CEO of OpenAI, talked about the development trend and security issues of Large Language Model (LLM) at MIT’s "Imagination Action" activity.

　　He believes that OpenAI is approaching the limit of LLM scale. The larger the scale, the better the model may be, but it may be just to pursue a number. The scale of LLM is no longer an important indicator to measure the quality of the model, and there will be more ways to improve the ability and utility of the model in the future.

　　Retail sales in the United States slowed down more than expected in March, falling 1% from the previous month, and the year-on-year growth rate of retail sales hit a new low of nearly three years.

　　In March, retail sales in the United States decreased by 1% month-on-month, much worse than the expected growth rate of -0.4%, and the growth rate in February was revised from -0.4% to -0.2%. Retail sales only increased by 2.9% year-on-year, which is the lowest annual growth rate of retail sales since June 2020. Of the 13 categories, only 5 have increased. The "lag" of the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy, coupled with the impact of the banking crisis on spending, is beginning to emerge.

　　Differences within the Fed have intensified.

　　Federal Reserve Governor Waller said that recent data show that the Fed has not made much progress in the inflation target, and interest rates need to rise further. Bostic, president of the Atlanta Federal Reserve, said that after raising interest rates again, the Fed can suspend interest rate hikes and evaluate them.

　　US media: Apple will launch a number of new watchOS products in June or welcome major updates.

　　According to Interface News, on April 17th, reporter Mark Gurman wrote in his column PowerOn that the global developer conference that Apple will hold in June will be one of the most critical events in the company’s history-it will be an opportunity to herald the post-iPhone era and make its existing devices more attractive. Apple’s MR (Mixed Reality) head show will be the highlight of this conference, but other products will also be exhibited. It is reported that this includes the new Mac laptop and the biggest update to Apple Watch software since the first version was launched in 2015. Generally speaking, the company is planning to launch: Reality Head Show, Apple’s first major new product category in the past decade; New xrOS operating system and software development kit; New MacBook device; iOS17； iPadOS17； macOS14； watchOS10。 Among them, the updated versions of iOS and iPadOS are unlikely to provide major new features; The new Apple Watch operating system will bring greater improvements, including a new interface.

　　Musk: It is extremely difficult to achieve mass production and positive cash flow, and the car price is low enough to survive.

　　Musk wrote on Twitter on Thursday: "It is extremely difficult to achieve mass production and positive cash flow." The billionaire’s comments are a response to an old video shared by Twitter users. In that video, Musk said that in order to survive, the new company should be able to solve the problems of autonomous driving and electrification, and at the same time make a very "eye-catching" car and realize mass production, so that the cost of the car is low enough and the price does not exceed people’s affordability.

　　[financial calendar]

　　People’s Daily Online, Beijing, January 4 (Zhu Jiang) "China is one of the countries most seriously affected by marine disasters in the world." The reporter learned from the Ministry of Natural Resources that according to the statistics of the Marine Early Warning and Monitoring Department, in the past 10 years, the average annual direct economic loss of marine disasters was 11.7 billion yuan, with an average annual death (including missing) of 93 people. In recent 30 years, the average sea level rise rate in China is 3.3 mm/year, which is higher than the global average. Under the background of global climate change, the risk of major marine disasters along the coast is becoming increasingly prominent. With the rapid increase of marine economic activities, the offshore waters are seriously polluted and the marine ecological environment is destroyed.

　　During the institutional reform of the central and state organs, the Ministry of Natural Resources set up a marine early warning and monitoring department to fulfill the responsibilities of marine disaster prevention and mitigation, whose main responsibilities include "formulating policies and systems for marine observation and forecast and marine scientific investigation and supervising their implementation. To carry out marine ecological early warning and monitoring, disaster prevention, risk assessment and hidden danger investigation and management, and issue warnings and bulletins. Construction and management of the national global ocean stereoscopic observation network, and organization of marine scientific investigation and survey. Participate in emergency response to major marine disasters. "

　　Wang Hua, deputy director of the Marine Early Warning and Monitoring Department, made it clear that it provided an important organizational guarantee for the effective implementation of the principles, policies and decision-making arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council on the prevention and control of natural disasters. The first task of the Marine Early Warning and Monitoring Department is to do a good job in the top-level design of marine observation and forecast and marine scientific investigation, and the second is to continuously improve the basic capabilities of marine observation, monitoring and investigation, and further improve the marine early warning and monitoring business system. At the same time, it is necessary to make overall plans for the connection between marine disaster prevention and mitigation, land space planning and ecological protection and restoration.

　　At present, marine early warning and monitoring work faces five problems.

　　"What we are facing is a situation where challenges and opportunities coexist." On November 7, 2018, in a series of interview programs with the Director of the Department of Natural Resources, Wang Hua said that after years of development, marine observation, early warning and disaster reduction have formed a good working foundation. In 2012, the State Council promulgated the Regulations on the Administration of Marine observation and forecast, which filled the legal gap in the work of marine observation and forecast in China. After decades of development, the ocean observation business system has gradually formed, which consists of ocean station network, buoy network, radar network, volunteer ship, satellite remote sensing and so on, basically covering China’s inshore, offshore and some key sea areas. Established a marine forecasting system from national to local. The focus of disaster prevention and mitigation has been constantly moving forward, and the business system of marine disaster risk prevention has basically taken shape.

　　Wang Hua believes that the current marine early warning and monitoring work faces five problems. First, the laws, regulations and institutional standards of marine observation and forecast and related fields of disaster prevention and mitigation are not yet complete. Second, the basic ability still needs to be strengthened. The ocean view monitoring system needs to be further optimized, the ability of deep-sea observation is insufficient, the independent research and development of ocean forecasting and the application level of key technologies need to be improved, and the work of marine disaster risk assessment and hidden danger investigation has not been fully carried out. Third, the information resource sharing mechanism needs to be established. The sharing of information resources in disaster-related fields and the management and coordination of ocean observation activities still need to be strengthened. Fourth, the level of science and technology and the ability of global governance need to be improved, and the participation and voice of international ocean affairs governance are not enough. Fifth, it is necessary to further stimulate the vitality of the market and give full play to the role of market mechanisms and social forces in marine disaster prevention and mitigation.

　　The marine early warning and monitoring department should perform three responsibilities.

　　According to the data of China Organization Network, the main responsibilities of the Marine Early Warning and Monitoring Department are: to formulate policies and systems for marine observation and forecast and marine scientific investigation and supervise their implementation. To carry out marine ecological early warning and monitoring, disaster prevention, risk assessment and hidden danger investigation and management, and issue warnings and bulletins. Construction and management of the national global ocean stereoscopic observation network, and organization of marine scientific investigation and survey. Participate in emergency response to major marine disasters.

　　Wang Hua mentioned that the Marine Early Warning and Monitoring Department should perform three responsibilities: First, implement the important arrangements of the CPC Central Committee and the State Council for the prevention and control of natural disasters, and do a good job in the top-level design of marine observation and forecast and marine scientific investigation; The second is to continuously improve the basic capabilities of marine observation, monitoring and investigation, and strengthen the construction of marine ecological early warning and monitoring system; The third is to fully connect with relevant departments and make overall plans for marine disaster prevention and mitigation, land and space planning, ecological protection and restoration.

　　Wang Hua pointed out that in the past, China’s marine observation, forecasting and early warning, disaster reduction and other work were mainly aimed at the physical environment of the ocean and the process of natural disasters. In the future, we should focus more on the principle of realizing "two unifications" (that is, "the Ministry of Natural Resources uniformly exercises the duties of the owner of all natural resources assets of the whole people, and uniformly exercises the duties of controlling all land use and ecological protection and restoration"). For example, accelerate the construction of marine ecological early warning system to provide support for the effective protection of important, sensitive and fragile marine ecosystems; Efforts will be made to strengthen the connection between marine early warning and monitoring, national spatial planning and ecological protection and restoration.

　　The marine early warning and monitoring department will focus on three aspects.

　　Wang Hua said that in the field of marine early warning and monitoring, it is the basic work to dynamically monitor the state of marine resources and environment and grasp the basic situation. It is necessary to find problems through long-term series monitoring, and judge whether the carrying capacity of resources and environment is in a normal state through statistical analysis and evaluation of data, and issue early warning in time. At the same time, put forward some suggestions for specific problems.

　　In this regard, Wang Hua demanded that the next step should focus on three aspects: First, further rationalize the business system, make a good connection with other disaster-related ministries at the national level, and give full play to the supporting role of marine early warning and forecasting under the new emergency management framework to promote comprehensive disaster reduction; At the local level, strengthen guidance, coordination and supervision, and actively play the role of local authorities. At the same time, further clarify the responsibilities of the agencies in the sea area, and form a unified and orderly, reasonable division of labor, coordinated and efficient institutional mechanism.

　　Second, actively implement the requirements of the third meeting of the Central Financial and Economic Committee on the prevention and control of marine disasters, implement coastal zone restoration projects, build ecological seawalls, and improve the ability of ecosystems to defend against marine disasters.

　　The third is to implement the main responsibility and continuously improve business capabilities. In the "Sanding" plan issued by the Ministry, for the first time, the task of building and operating the national global marine stereoscopic observation network and carrying out marine ecological early warning and monitoring was clearly defined. As the competent department of business, the marine early warning and monitoring department should adhere to the scientific development concept and implement every link of the business chain in a down-to-earth manner.

　　To this end, the Marine Early Warning and Monitoring Division will focus on the following four aspects in the near future:

　　— In the observation business, do a good job in top-level design and accelerate the construction of the global marine stereoscopic observation network. Optimize the observation layout. In 2019, we will start to compile a new national ocean observation network plan, fully integrate the observation, monitoring and investigation services, and form a trinity business layout. From the aspects of observation means, observation elements and quality control, we will further strengthen the operational management of marine observation. Promote the sharing of marine observation data, improve the level of data services, strengthen the management of relevant industries of local and departmental departments, and carry out a general survey of marine observation capabilities and resources to achieve full integration.

　　Second, in the forecasting business, we should speed up the revision of emergency plans, and consider the respective characteristics of marine natural disasters and ecological disasters to study how to form a plan system. Reorganize the forecasting organization and business system, comprehensively consider the characteristics of administrative area management, and build a forecasting business system with up-and-down linkage and clear division of labor. Make full use of numerical forecasting, cloud platform, artificial intelligence and other information technologies, carry out the construction of marine intelligent grid forecasting business system and the "Maritime Silk Road" marine environmental protection system, explore the development of marine ecological early warning services, and improve the efficiency of early warning services.

　　Third, in disaster reduction, we will continue to do a good job in preventing and controlling natural disasters such as storm surges, tsunamis and sea ice. At the same time, we will promote ecological disaster reduction, select red tide and green tide-prone areas for pilot prevention and control, and give full play to the ability of mangroves, tamarisk, reeds, seagrass beds and other ecosystems to resist moisture and waves and consolidate dikes and revetments. Guide coastal areas to continue to carry out marine disaster risk assessment and delineation of key defense areas, and promote the investigation and management of potential risks. Strengthen the information application of disaster prevention and mitigation achievements, and integrate background information, observation data, early warning and pre-judgment information in coastal high-risk areas into one system in real time. Intensify publicity and education, popularize knowledge of disaster prevention and mitigation, and actively participate in international governance.

　　Fourth, in terms of ecological monitoring and scientific investigation, optimize the top-level design and system layout of marine ecological monitoring and early warning, establish a technical standard system, and start special research on typical ecosystems. Establish management norms, and institutions and ships engaged in marine survey and monitoring should have unified management requirements. Strengthen the use of volunteer ships, remote sensing and other equipment and means, and integrate development in monitoring, observation and investigation.

Three major US stock indexes overnightfall,S&P 500 indexIt fell 0.12% to 5130.95 points.Nasdaq composite indexIt fell 0.41% to 16,207.51 points.Dow Jones industrial averageIt fell by 0.25% to 38,989.83 points.

Among the US stocks overnight,A total of 92 Chinese stocks rose and 169 Chinese stocks fell..

Popular Chinese stocksAmong them, Alibaba fell by 3.51%, Pinduoduo by 3.73%, Netease by 1.46%, Baidu by 3.17%, JD.COM by 4.87%, New Oriental by 0.27%, Billy by 3.18% and Iqiyi by 4.71%.

New forces of building carsAll fell, LI fell by 13.64%, Weilai fell by 7.79% and Xpeng Motors fell by 8.04%.

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Sichuan Provincial People’s Government

Notice on the Appointment and Removal of Deng Chao and Other Positions

Chuanfu Letter [2024] No. 103

Municipal (prefecture) people’s governments, provincial government departments, and agencies directly under them:

The Sichuan Provincial People’s Government has decided to:

Appointment:

Deng Chao is the director of the Sichuan Provincial Energy Bureau;

Huang Zhi is the full-time deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Railway and Airport Construction Office and the deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Development and Reform Commission.

exempt:

Liang Wuhu’s position as director of the Sichuan Provincial Energy Bureau;

Deng Chao held the positions of full-time deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Railway and Airport Construction Office and deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Development and Reform Commission;

Huang Zhi is the full-time deputy director of the Sichuan Provincial Implementation Western Development Office (Sichuan Panxi Regional Resource Development Office).

Hereby inform.

Sichuan Provincial People’s Government

April 7, 2024